Although Huangdi Neijing is not a special book for mental health education, the thought and educational method of "preventing diseases" put forward in it has certain guiding significance for developing college students' mental health education, which is worth learning and popularizing. The following is a model essay on the guiding significance of Huangdi Neijing to college students' mental health education.
This paper probes into the guiding significance of the thought of "preventing diseases" in Huangdi Neijing and the educational methods for developing college students' mental health education.
Key words: Huangdi Neijing; College students; Mental health education
Psychological problems and mental illness are unwilling to bear by any individual, and any society is committed to reducing them, but they are inevitable. College students are in adolescence, facing the choice of study and love, and are in the transition from school people to social people. Coupled with the increasingly severe employment situation in recent years, there will be a series of changes both physically and psychologically. Nowadays, college students are all born after 90. Research shows that college students are prone to negative emotions such as depression, anxiety and anger due to physical and psychological difficulties and pressure from family and society. Therefore, their mental health is worrying [1], and they are prone to psychological problems such as depression and anxiety, and also have a sense of alienation [2]. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out mental health education for college students, so that they can adjust their mentality, reasonably understand and adapt to their roles and live a healthy life.
At present, college students' mental health education is basically carried out under the guidance of modern western psychological thought, and has achieved certain results. It has been suggested that China's excellent traditional culture should be brought into play in college students' mental health education [3]. The author also believes that ideas beneficial to college students' mental health education can be explored from traditional culture, especially Chinese medicine culture, so as to make it more in line with China's national conditions and China's psychological characteristics.
Huangdi Neijing is the earliest extant classic of traditional Chinese medicine in China, which lays the foundation of the theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine and is the source of various disciplines of traditional Chinese medicine. The theories and methods put forward in Huangdi Neijing have certain guiding significance for developing college students' mental health education.
First, the guiding significance of the thought of "preventing diseases" in Huangdi Neijing to college students' mental health education
Huangdi Neijing is the first classic of Chinese medicine that put forward the idea of "preventing diseases". In the article "Su Wen's Theory of Regulating Qi and Spirit", it was mentioned: "It was cured because the sage died of illness, but the illness was cured without disorder ... My husband's illness became medicine, and the chaos was cured. It's not too late to fight for the cone after crossing the well. " It is pointed out that when the disease is "finished", no matter how good the medical treatment is, it is only to dig wells when people are thirsty and build weapons when the war has begun. I'm afraid injuries are inevitable.
Therefore, it is better to prevent it in advance. This is consistent with the basic spirit of "prevention first" advocated in modern times. "Prevention of disease" is a basic medical principle put forward by Chinese medicine, which must be strictly followed. Its spiritual essence includes two aspects: first, "prevention before illness", that is, taking various measures to prevent before illness; The second is "preventing diseases without changing", that is, using various effective means to prevent the development and spread of diseases after getting sick, nip diseases in the bud and prevent minor diseases from becoming serious diseases.
The concept of preventing diseases belongs to the category of TCM health preservation. Chinese medicine believes that pathogenic factors act on the human body. If it can cause human diseases, it may be because the human body's resistance is too weak, or it may be because the pathogenic factors are too strong. In order to prevent the occurrence of diseases, on the one hand, it is necessary to strengthen people's physique to improve their ability to resist diseases, that is, "healthy qi should be kept inside, and evil should not be done" (Su Wen Acupuncture Theory); On the other hand, we should actively avoid or reduce the harm of evil spirits, that is, "virtual evil steals the wind and avoids it sometimes" (Su Wengu Naive).
Specific to the mental health of college students, on the one hand, we should improve their physical and psychological quality, on the other hand, we should reduce or even avoid bad emotional stimulation. The contents of Huangdi Neijing in this respect mainly include:
(1) Huangdi Neijing holds that people live in nature, not an independent organism, and are always influenced by the natural environment. Therefore, people must adapt to the changes of natural laws and adjust their lives according to the changes of seasons, so as to maintain the balance of yin and yang inside and outside the human body, make the five internal organs corresponding to the seasons adapt to the changes of nature's birth, growth, transformation, collection and hiding, and make their emotions five.
For example, Su Wen's Theory of Four Temperaments and Spirits says: "In spring and March, ... you lie down at night and get up early, ... to make a living; Xia San month, ... Go to bed and get up early at night, and be insatiable during the day, which makes you angry; In autumn and March, ... go to bed early and get up early, ... make peace; In winter and March, ... go to bed early and get up late, and we must wait for the sun to come out, so that our aspirations will be hidden ... "This paper points out the lifestyle that people should adopt in different seasons and its influence on people's emotions.
(2) Nourishing the mind "Huangdi Neijing" believes that human physiology and psychology are integrated and influence each other.
The five internal organs are the basis of human mental activities, which in turn affect the physiological activities of the five internal organs. For example, the article "Soul Pivot" says: "If you have a harmonious heart, your spirit will be straight, your soul will not go, you will regret it, and your five internal organs will not be hurt." The article "On the Response of Yin and Yang" also points out: "Anger hurts the liver", "Joy hurts the spleen", "Sorrow for the lung" and "Fear of hurting the kidney", and thinks that mental disorder can make people sick. Therefore, people should recuperate their spirits, adjust their emotions and adapt to environmental changes to ensure their health. The discussion in Huangdi Neijing points out the importance of mental health education, and also expounds the specific educational content, which has an important guiding role for us to carry out mental health education for college students.
Two, "Huangdi Neijing" educational methods to explore the guiding significance of college students' mental health education.
First of all, Huangdi Neijing was written in Qin and Han Dynasties, but it was named Huangdi Neijing. The style of the book is mostly in the form of questions and answers between Huangdi and Qi Bo, Lei Gong and Guiwan District, which not only increases the authority of the book, but also makes the form lively and easy to be accepted. Moreover, this book was recorded in various forms, such as "On Bamboo Silk" and "On Jade Edition", which used various carriers before paper was invented at that time; Or "from people, from people", choose the right object to teach by example, and strengthen the spread of medical knowledge.
For college students' mental health education, we should also strengthen the publicity of mental health knowledge. We can teach college students how to promote mental health through full-time and part-time psychological counseling teachers in schools or inviting professional psychologists in society. At the same time, many ways can be taken, such as editing traditional mental health knowledge pamphlets and clear papers, or editing psychological sitcoms by teachers and students themselves, as well as modern WeChat and flipping classrooms, etc., to popularize mental health knowledge to college students in a form that they like and let them experience it. Students who are interested in psychology and have strong acceptance ability can also be selected for professional training, and after professional training, other college students can be educated in mental health.
Because of their special status, they have stronger affinity among classmates, and their experiences are closer to classmates, so they can get twice the result with half the effort, and their mental health will be greatly improved in the process of helping others. Secondly, Huangdi Neijing also pointed out that the content of education should be concise and easy to understand. For example, the article "The Nine Needles and Twelve Origins of Lingshu" said: "The order can be passed down to future generations, and it must be as clear as the law. Long-lasting, long-lasting, unforgettable, broker. " It is pointed out that medical principles should be clear, unforgettable and easy to master in order to be widely circulated and enduring. College students have a certain degree of education and are more receptive to information.
However, college students don't want to receive boring lectures, especially in the Internet age. All kinds of information are pouring in, and the vivid and interesting contents and flexible forms are dazzling, which makes college students improve their "taste". Therefore, when carrying out mental health education for college students, it is not too written, and professional psychologists will transform mental health knowledge into a language that college students can easily accept and master. Thirdly, Huangdi Neijing clearly expounded the principles of education implementation.
For example, in the chapter of Master Ling Shu, it is said: "People are happy to die, tell them about their losses, speak kindly, guide them to convenience, and open them up with bitterness. Although there are ignorant people, don't they listen to evil words? " It is pointed out that in the process of implementing mental health education, we should deeply understand human nature and meet people's psychological needs. For example, college students with psychological problems hope to get out of the shadows and live happily, which is their inherent requirement and motivation to receive mental health education, so mental health education comes into being and conforms to people's psychology.
It is pointed out that the harm of bad emotional state is "telling them to lose", the advantage of keeping a good attitude is "speaking well", and the auxiliary measures such as giving some relaxation techniques are "guiding them to talk about the matter", and helping to eliminate their depression and anxiety is "suffering them". If all these can be achieved, it goes without saying that mental health education has achieved good results. In addition, supplemented by physical exercise, employment and entrepreneurship skills training and social support, can help college students recover their mental health as soon as possible and find the sunshine of life. To sum up, although Huangdi Neijing is not a special work of mental health education, the thought and educational method of "preventing diseases" put forward in it has certain guiding significance for developing college students' mental health education, which is worth learning and popularizing.
References:
[1] Song Haiyan, Song Haixia, Song Haihui, et al. Investigation and analysis of post-90s college students' mental health [J]. Journal of Qufu Normal University, 2016,42 (4):1-18.
Xiao Liuting, Liang Ruiqiong, Zhong Yongru. Coping style, alienation and mental health of college students [J]. China Journal of Health Psychology, 2016,24 (5): 710-714.
[3] Zhang Dongyun. On the positive effect of China's excellent traditional culture on college students' mental health education [J]. Knowledge Guide, 20 16, 4: 39.
Expanding: the Value Influence of Huangdi Neijing
Han Shu's Literature and Art Treatments of Ji Fanglue contains four kinds of Chinese medical classics: Medical Classics, Classic Prescriptions, Immortals and Zhong Fang. Except Huangdi Neijing, other medical classics have died out. Therefore, Huangdi Neijing has become the earliest extant classic of traditional Chinese medicine.
Huangdi Neijing, as a classic of China traditional culture, is not only a classic of Chinese medicine, but also a profound cultural masterpiece. It takes life as the center, discusses the relationship among heaven, earth and human beings from a macro perspective, discusses and analyzes the most basic proposition of medical science-the law of life, establishes the corresponding theoretical system and the principles and technologies of disease prevention and treatment, and contains rich knowledge of philosophy, politics, astronomy and other disciplines.
1. Traditional Chinese Medicine Cave
Huangdi Neijing comprehensively summarizes the medical achievements before Qin and Han Dynasties, and its completion marks a new stage of China medicine from empirical medicine to theoretical medicine. This paper summarizes the achievements of medicine before the Warring States Period in the aspects of holism, contradiction, meridian science, viscera images, etiology and pathogenesis, health care and preventive medicine, diagnosis and treatment principles, etc., which provided theoretical guidance for the development of China medicine after the Warring States Period, laid a solid foundation and had a far-reaching impact. Most of the innovations and achievements of famous doctors in theory and practice are closely related to Huangdi Neijing.
Huangdi Neijing has a high position in China medicine, and all successful doctors in later generations attach great importance to it. It has been translated into many languages, such as Japanese, English, German, French, etc., and it has also had a noticeable influence on the development of world medicine. Huangdi Neijing expounds the principles of man and nature, physiology, anatomy, pathology, diagnosis, health preservation and disease prevention and treatment with simple materialistic views and dialectical thoughts. It has become the cornerstone of China medicine, the source of the theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine and the basis of clinical diagnosis and treatment. Later generations regard it as a "classic medical book" and a must-read book for studying Chinese medicine. It is an important document for the study of traditional Chinese medicine and a valuable cultural heritage of the Chinese nation. As the theoretical basis and essence of traditional medicine in China, its leading role and contribution in medicine is indispensable in the long history of the prosperity of the Han nationality in the past two thousand years.
Huangdi Neijing is the source of the theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine and a classic work that comprehensively discusses the theory of traditional Chinese medicine. Based on ancient anatomical knowledge and guided by ancient philosophical thoughts, it gradually developed from perceptual to rational and from fragment to synthesis through long-term observation of life phenomena and repeated verification of medical practice, and put forward many important theoretical principles and academic viewpoints. It not only laid the basic framework of the theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine, but also provided the possibility for the continuous improvement and development of traditional Chinese medicine in later generations. The book Neijing is not only the best witness of the development level of medicine at that time, but also a reliable cornerstone of the research and development of modern Chinese medicine.
First of all, the book Neijing laid a foundation for understanding human physiology, pathology and diagnosis and treatment. Its basic material comes from the long-term observation of life phenomena in ancient China, a lot of clinical practice and simple anatomical knowledge. For example, "Drink in stomach, overflow in essence, transport in spleen, spleen disperse in essence, transport in lung, waterway and bladder meridian." The records of Su Wenling's Secret Canon and The Bladder is the official of the state, and the body fluid can be discharged if it is stored (Su Wenling's Secret Canon Theory) are vivid descriptions of the metabolic process of water and fluid in human body, which have become the theoretical basis for treating edema disease from lung, spleen and kidney in later generations. The modern treatment of renal edema and cardiogenic edema mostly starts with regulating the lung, spleen and kidney, and its theoretical source obviously comes from Neijing. Another example is "the change of sorghum, full of growth, seems to be insufficient" ("Su Wentong's Theory of Wondering Heaven"), which means that eating too much sorghum is easy to make people suffer from furuncle. From the modern clinical point of view, the occurrence of diabetic foot and joint swelling and pain of gout are closely related to overeating. For another example, the viewpoint of "Why Qi is the sole master of the five internal organs" in Su Wen's Five Bielun is the origin of "taking the mouth only for pulse diagnosis" in later generations; Su Wen of Wuchang University of Political Science; Often poison cures diseases, nine times out of ten; Small poison cures all diseases, ten in and eight out; Non-toxic treatment, nine times out of ten; The advice that "all fruits and vegetables should be eaten and nurtured, and not excessive, which will damage their integrity" has become a silent wisdom of Chinese medicine in clinical medicine, health preservation and disease prevention.
In addition, there are many other contents related to human health in Neijing, involving health preservation, prevention, acupuncture and adjustment, which have effectively guided people's disease prevention and treatment so far. In particular, the idea of "preventing diseases" has attracted more attention and attention from the world under the current bio-psychological-social medical model.
The theory of Neijing still has very important guiding significance for modern Chinese medicine clinic. Although it has been more than 2000 years since Neijing was written, the physiological functions and pathological changes of human individuals have not changed much. According to the theory of Neijing, if the lung governs qi, the heart stores the spirit pulse, the spleen ascends clear, the liver stores blood and discharges, and the kidney stores essence, the human body will not get sick. The unique perspective of health preservation and disease prevention established in Neijing determines that it has not only made great contributions to safeguarding people's health and reproducing the Chinese nation, but also will, as always, protect human health.
2. Life sciences
Huangdi Neijing is the first classic of TCM theory. As an academic system, TCM started from Huangdi Neijing, so Huangdi Neijing is recognized as the cornerstone of TCM.
Huangdi Neijing is the first book for keeping in good health. Huangdi Neijing talks about how to cure diseases, but more importantly, it talks about how not to get sick and how to make people healthy and live longer without taking medicine. There is a very important idea in Huangdi Neijing: "Prevention of disease". Huangdi Neijing said: "If you don't treat a disease, you can't treat it. If you don't treat it, you will be treated indiscriminately. "
Huangdi Neijing is the first encyclopedia about life. Huangdi Neijing focuses on life and talks about medicine, astronomy, geography, psychology, sociology, philosophy and history. This is an encyclopedia about life problems. The core of Chinese studies is actually the philosophy of life, and Huangdi Neijing is an influential classic of Chinese studies named after Huangdi.
3. Philosophy science
Huangdi Neijing also contains many philosophical sciences, such as the enlightenment to talent management. Huangdi Neijing advocates showing humanity and morality with medical ethics.
Morality, as an important category of China's ancient view of nature, is finally transformed into the objective law of the formation of the universe and the operation of natural phenomena, and the externalization of "virtue" of talents is the "burden" of talents, which is also a kind of internal and external unity in line with natural harmony. The emergence of Huangdi Neijing made the medical ethics of traditional Chinese medicine have the earliest written expression and explanation. Neijing summarized the physicians' understanding of medical ethics at that time, formed a relatively perfect medical ethics thought, and announced the birth of China's medical ethics theory.
The medical ethics thought in Neijing is rich in connotation and extensive in extension, which can be divided into four aspects: medical health preservation morality, medical prevention morality, medical treatment morality and medical nursing morality. Man's body, mind and behavior are isomorphic to life, and the integration of the three can make man develop harmoniously. "Virtue" is about mind, which is incompatible with body and mind, and there is no way to "strengthen the body and eliminate evil". The selection and appointment of talents should also follow the principles of having both ability and political integrity, putting morality first, advancing with the times and harmonious development, which is also the standard for selecting and appointing talents in modern society.
4. Literary value
Huangdi Neijing is the first summary of ancient Chinese medicine and the only medical masterpiece before the Warring States Period. There are more than 50 kinds of ancient documents cited, of which 29 kinds have titles but the contents are basically preserved. Many people cite ancient documents in the ways of "precise words", "economy", "on words" or "therefore ..." These ancient documents are of great historical significance for understanding the development of traditional Chinese medicine in the pre-Qin period.
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