Sugarcane has the function of nourishing and clearing away heat, and is rich in nutrition. As a refreshing tonic, it has certain curative effect on hypoglycemia, dry stool, dysuria, nausea and vomiting, cough due to deficiency heat, high fever and polydipsia. People who are overworked or dizzy from hunger will refresh themselves as long as they eat two sugar cane. However, due to the cold nature of sugarcane, it is not suitable for people with spleen and stomach deficiency and stomachache. In addition, fruits suitable for autumn and winter include apples, oranges, bananas and hawthorn.
Winter diet principle
In winter, the climate is very cold, and the yin flourishes and the yang declines. Affected by cold temperature, human body's physiological function and appetite will change. Therefore, it is very necessary to adjust the diet reasonably, ensure the sufficiency of essential nutrients, improve the cold tolerance and immune function of the elderly, and make them spend the winter safely and smoothly.
First of all, we must ensure the supply of heat energy. The cold climate in winter affects the endocrine of human body, which increases the secretion of thyroid hormone and adrenaline, thus promoting and accelerating the decomposition of protein, fat and carbohydrate, increasing the body's ability to keep out the cold, and thus losing excessive body heat. Therefore, nutrition in winter should be based on increasing heat energy, and foods rich in carbohydrates and fats can be properly ingested. For the elderly, the intake of fat should not be too much, so as not to induce other diseases of the elderly, but enough protein should be taken, because the decomposition of protein is enhanced, and the human body is prone to negative nitrogen balance. The supply of protein should be 15 ~ 17% of the total calories, and the supply of protein should be mainly high-quality protein, such as lean meat, eggs, fish, milk, beans and their products. Protein contained in these foods is not only easy for human body to digest and absorb, but also rich in essential amino acids with high nutritional value, which can increase human body's cold resistance and disease resistance.
Winter is the off-season of vegetables, and the number of vegetables is small and the varieties are monotonous, especially in northern China. Therefore, often after a winter, the human body appears vitamin deficiency, such as vitamin C deficiency, which causes many elderly people to have symptoms such as oral ulcer, swelling and pain of root, bleeding and constipation. Its prevention and control method should first expand the food source, and the green leafy vegetables are relatively reduced in winter, so you can eat some potatoes, such as sweet potatoes and potatoes. Are rich in vitamin C and vitamin B, especially lack of vitamin A, red-heart sweet potato also contains more carotene. Eating more potatoes can not only supplement vitamins, but also clear away heat and eliminate plague. In addition to Chinese cabbage, cabbage, radish heart, white radish, carrot, bean sprouts, mung bean sprouts, rape and so on. It should also be selected in the main course listed in winter. These vegetables are rich in vitamins. As long as the varieties are changed frequently and matched reasonably, the vitamin demand of the human body can still be supplemented. The severe cold in winter will also affect the nutritional metabolism of the human body and increase the consumption of various nutrients to varying degrees. Due to the influence of digestion, absorption and metabolism in the body, the elderly often lack potassium, calcium, sodium, iron and other elements. In addition, the inorganic salts discharged with urine in winter increase, which should be supplemented in time. You can eat more foods rich in calcium, iron, sodium and potassium, such as shrimp, shrimp skin, sesame paste, pork liver and bananas. If there is low sodium, it tastes slightly salty when cooking, so it can be supplemented. Correct concept 1: health care in any season depends on physical fitness ● autumn is mainly about nourishing yin. "Every time I am interviewed, the reporter will ask me how to raise my liver in spring. How to make up for autumn and winter? " Professor Chen Jinghe said, "In fact, how to keep healthy depends on different people and cannot be the same. The biggest advantage of Chinese medicine is to treat and recuperate according to different people's physique. " Chen Jinghe said, for example, in autumn, "dryness" is the main qi in autumn, and Chinese medicine believes that "dryness" is the most harmful evil in autumn. In autumn, the five internal organs should respond to the lungs. Because of lung breathing, fur and large intestine, when the temperature in the air drops, the symptoms of discomfort in these parts are more prominent. Dryness is most likely to hurt the lungs, manifested as dry mouth and nose, or dry throat and thirst, dry cough and little phlegm. There are five common types of people's constitutions: excessive fire, yin deficiency, qi deficiency, coldness and dryness and heat. He thinks that people with these five constitutions have different symptoms in autumn, so the solutions are different-there are many people with excessive fire, mostly young people. This kind of people will have bad breath, dry mouth, dry mouth, excessive internal heat, rotten mouth, rotten gums, constipation and other symptoms in autumn. In addition, you can eat almonds in your diet, and you can also eat bitter vegetables such as bitter gourd, oily wheat, white radish, lettuce, Chinese cabbage and loofah. In this season, people with yin deficiency not only have the common symptoms of "autumn dryness", but also are accompanied by five annoyances (chest, heart, palms and feet), upset and blushing at night. You can eat Lady Enforcers, watercress, Sydney, orange, lily, Polygonatum odoratum and calla lily. In addition to common symptoms such as "autumn dryness", qi deficiency is accompanied by qi deficiency and weak pulse. You can use American ginseng, codonopsis pilosula, five-finger peach and Polygonatum odoratum as soup. In addition to the symptoms of "autumn dryness", there are also symptoms of stomach cold, such as pale mouth, white tongue coating, fear of cold, fear of cold, eating raw and cold food will cause nausea or diarrhea. Therefore, such people should not eat cold medicine and cold food, but drink more warm water. The lung and stomach are hot, with symptoms of dry nose, dry throat and dry stool, no bad breath and no gum rot. You can eat more foods that moisten the lungs, nourish yin and promote body fluid, such as lotus root starch, fresh yam, rock sugar and tremella. Correct concept 2: Dietotherapy can never replace drug treatment ● Patients with cardiovascular diseases and bronchial diseases should pay attention to Chen Jinghe, who is also the academic leader of cardiovascular diseases in the national key discipline of traditional Chinese medicine. Speaking of a typical case among patients receiving treatment, a hypertensive patient asked me: "My blood pressure has dropped. Can I control it without taking western medicine, paying attention to diet and strengthening exercise?" It turns out that many epidemic patients have this idea that diet therapy can solve the disease. In fact, patients with cardiovascular diseases and hypertension should insist on taking medicine for a long time, and don't think about how to control it through diet and exercise, but the dosage can be reduced. He reminded that after autumn, the weather gradually turned cold, people's blood vessels contracted and blood flow slowed down. Old people with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and respiratory diseases should pay attention. According to experience, every time cold air arrives, there will be a small peak of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. But when the temperature stabilizes, the human body has adapted, but it is not easy to get sick. Therefore, people with stroke risk factors should pay attention to weather changes and keep warm during the transition period from summer to autumn. In this weather, if you get up in the morning and pour a glass of cold water, your blood vessels will suddenly contract, so you should drink warm water instead. Reminder: autumn tonic should be moistened, such as lung yin deficiency. You can use yam 15g, medlar 15g, water fish 500g, stew 1 hour. For patients with kidney yin deficiency, 30 grams of Radix Rehmanniae Preparata and 200 grams of lean pork can be eaten by stewing 1 hour. Correct concept 3: Can you eat? There is no absolute ● Drink more water and eat more fresh fruits and vegetables in autumn. "Drink more water in autumn." Professor Chen Jinghe has repeatedly stressed that "it is good to moisten any soup, and it is absolutely necessary to replenish water in autumn". What to eat and what not to eat is relative, not absolute. When he was excited, he gave an example: a patient came to see a doctor and said that his previous doctor told him to eat less fruits and vegetables, so he took the doctor's advice and didn't touch it at all. "This how line? If you are afraid of cold vegetables, you can actually eat a piece of ginger. You can also put peppers when you eat melons. Just eat less. How healthy is it if you don't eat at all? " If you like autumn diet, you should give priority to sweetness and eat more fruits and vegetables that nourish yin and moisten dryness, such as sugarcane, autumn pears, apples, pomegranates, grapes, spinach and lotus roots. Vegetables and fruits contain a lot of water, which has the effects of promoting fluid production, moistening dryness, clearing away heat and relaxing bowels. At the same time, it can also supplement vitamins C and B, inorganic salts and cellulose needed by human body, and improve the adverse effects of drying on people. Reminder: Try to eat less spicy and fried food and drink more honey, sesame seeds and almonds. It can not only replenish the spleen and stomach, but also moisten the lungs and intestines. It can prevent discomfort symptoms such as dry cough, dry throat, constipation, etc. caused by insufficient lung and intestinal fluid caused by autumn dryness, or signs of dull skin and hair withering.