Pinyin name wannian q and n ɡ g ē n ɡ g ē n
Alias Kaikoujian, Shejian (plant name and fact research), Oxtail Seven, Tian Chong Seven (Herbal Convenient Prescription), Lily Che (recorded in Jiangsu Botanical Medicine), Zhugenqi (inspected in Shaanxi Botanical Medicine), Tiegan (inspected in Jiangxi Botanical Medicine) and Qinglong Dan (inspected in Guizhou Botanical Medicine).
The source is the roots and rhizomes of Liliaceae evergreen plants. It can be recovered all year round. Digging roots and rhizomes, removing stems, leaves and fibrous roots, washing, sun drying or oven drying. Dry goods are white and dry goods are red. -Generally speaking, the quality of drying is better. Should be stored in a lime jar, or often exposed to the sun to avoid being eaten by insects.
Original shape
Wannianqing (new edition of Materia Medica), also known as: Qiannianrun (Lu Yan's Materia Medica), Zhu (Hua Jing), Qiannianzhu (Materia Medica is new), Wuzhou (questioning Materia Medica), and not carving grass in winter (Wang Bencao Collection).
Perennial evergreen herbs. Rootstock inclined, thick and short, fibrous roots slender, densely covered with white hairs. Leaves clustered; It is lanceolate or banded, with a length of 10 ~ 30cm and a width of 2.5 ~ 7.5cm, with a sharp apex, a petiole-like base, smooth leathery whole, dark green leaves, light green underside, parallel veins, and a midvein rising at the back of the leaves. Many flowers, oval spikes, about 3 cm long; The stem length is 7.5 ~ 20 boxes of rice; Perianth is light green, with 6 lobes, and the lower part is disc-shaped; Stamens 6, sessile, inserted on perianth tube, drug oblong, inward, longitudinally dehiscent; Ovary spherical, style very short, stigma 3-lobed, abduction. Berry is spherical, fleshy, orange or yellow when hot, containing 1 seed. The flowering period is from June to July. Fruit-bearing period: August ~ 65438+ 10.
The leaves (evergreen leaves) and flowers (evergreen flowers) of this plant are also used as medicine, and each one has a special article to introduce it in detail.
Habitat is cultivated in gardens, or wild in humid forests and valleys. Distributed in Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Fujian, Taiwan Province, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang and other places. Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Sichuan.
The dried rhizome is cylindrical, slightly curved, with few bifurcations, 5 ~15cm long and1~ 2cm thick. There are stem marks and leaf marks on the upper end; The outer surface is yellow and white when fresh, with obvious knots, which are reddish brown, round or triangular, with star-shaped fibrous roots, and sometimes with fibrous roots of different lengths; After drying, the surface is grayish brown with annular wrinkles. Crispy, light brown or nearly white in cross section, spongy, scattered in many yellow vascular bundle spots. It tastes bitter and spicy. Dry, uniform size and red color are preferred.
Poisonous evergreen has digitalis-like effect, but it is very toxic. Besides stimulating vagus nerve and medulla oblongata center, it may have a direct inhibitory effect on myocardium. Heart block and cardiac arrest will occur at high doses. In the treatment of arrhythmia, intravenous drip at the above dose causes many side effects, including dizziness, nausea and vomiting, atrial tachycardia with atrioventricular block, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter. 1 case has two athletes' syndrome attacks. During the oral treatment of diphtheria with evergreen vinegar infusion, there were also 2 cases of bradycardia (about 50 beats per minute) on the second and fifth days respectively, accompanied by intermittent heartbeat, which returned to normal within 5 ~ 7 days after stopping taking the drug. In addition, it has been reported that 1 patient developed complete atrioventricular block after taking 4g evergreen leaf decoction 1 time, and died within 2 days after treatment. It was pointed out that the dosage and route of administration of evergreen need further discussion. In clinical application, the dosage must be strictly controlled, and the condition should be closely observed to ensure safety.
Sexual taste
Bitter, cold and poisonous.
1 Yan Lu materia medica: cool and nontoxic.
2 "Continued Annals of Materia Medica": sweet, bitter, cold and less toxic.
3 "Fujian folk herbs": hard and slightly cold.
Returning to the meridian "Herbal rejuvenation": entering the lung meridian.
Indications: strengthening heart, promoting diuresis, clearing away heat and toxic materials and stopping bleeding. Treat heart failure, sore throat, diphtheria, edema, abdominal distension, hemoptysis, hematemesis, boils, erysipelas, snake bites and burns.
1 materia medica from the beginning: to treat acute throat obstruction, pound juice, pour a little rice vinegar into it, spit it out and stand it.
2 Wang Anqing's Herbal Collection: Treating fullness, jaundice, distress, asthma, cough and traumatic injury.
3 Wang's Book of Herbs Collection: Treating sore poison and collecting damp heat. Tangpao burn, pemphigus, white snake injury, juice mashing.
4 "Li Cao Secret": Zhibaihuo Pill, choking diaphragm.
5 "Textual Research on Plant Name and Reality": Treating nameless swelling, furuncle, toothache and snake injury.
6 Sichuan Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Clearing lung fire. Treat cough caused by fatigue and internal heat.
7 "Common Chinese herbal medicines in Shanghai": strengthening the heart and promoting diuresis, clearing away heat and toxic materials, and stopping bleeding. Treat hemoptysis, hematemesis, edema of heart disease, throat obstruction, tonsillitis, diphtheria, etc.
Usage and dosage: decocted, 1 ~ 3 yuan (fresh 1 ~ 2 Liang); Pouring or grinding. External use: pouring juice, blocking nose or decocting in water for fumigation and washing.
Additional prescription
Use 1 to treat sore throat: once the evergreen (fresh) roots arrive in San Qian, add half a bowl of cold boiled water, juice and swallow frequently. (Jiangxi herbs)
2 cure throat obstruction, can't make a sound: moistening in the sun for thousands of years ends, and every money you take can be taken with thick fried mint soup. If it is not in time, it is best to take it before going to bed. (Lu Yan's Compendium of Materia Medica)
3 cure throat wind: evergreen head, chop and mash, squeeze juice and pour, spit well. If your mouth is closed, dig with a toothbrush and fall down. Don't throw up, and then stick the tip of your hair down your throat. (Compendium)
4 Cure the head wind: the roots of evergreen trees are sharpened, dipped in cinnabar and stuffed into the nostrils, and the left plug, the right plug, the left plug, the left plug, the left plug and the left plug are painful on both sides. Take water and nose for a week. ("Song Ya Miscellanies" Thunderbolt Dan)
5 treatment of sore yellow: evergreen root, a cup of fruit juice, after taking it, it will be cold and cold, and the poison will come out from the stool or urine, and the color will be yellow. After drinking a glass of ginger juice, the whole body will swell and disappear, and its disease will be gone. It also treats mad dog bites. (Guanghua medical journal 1 (4): 15, 1933),
6 Hemorrhoid swelling and pain is difficult to treat: debone both ends of pig leg bones, put Evergreen in casserole, decoct in water, smoke in heat and wash in warm water three times a day. ("Zhou Yisheng Jiabao Fang")
7 treatment of proctoptosis in young and old: evergreen roots, decoction and washing, gallnut is not enough. ("Ci Hang Huo Shu")
8 white fire pills: evergreen mashed juice set. ("Zhu Mu strives to be effective")
9 snake venom treatment: evergreen grinding and coating, slag grate wonderful. ("Deshengtang Experience")
Ten ways to treat trauma: evergreen root and two dollars. Decoct with water and drink with wine. (Jiangxi herbs)
clinical application
Treat diphtheria with 1
Take 40 grams of fresh rhizome of Evergreen, add it into 100 ml vinegar, soak it for 48 hours to 10 day, remove residue, filter, and add cold boiled water to 20 ml to make 20% immersion liquid. Daily dosage: 65438+ 1 ml under 0 years old, 0/~ 2ml under 2 years old, 3ml under 3 ~ 4 years old, 4ml under 5 ~ 6 years old, 5ml under 7 ~ 9 years old,10 ~/2ml under 2 years old,/kloc-. Twice the first dose. 40 cases were treated, 36 cases were cured and 4 cases died. After taking the medicine, the average body temperature returned to normal in 3 days, the sore throat disappeared in 4 days and the bacteria turned negative in 5 days. According to the observation of 552 cases (433 cases were treated with Kenmycin at the same time), the cure rate was 93.2%, the curative effect was poor in extremely severe cases and the mortality rate was high. The general symptoms of most cured cases disappeared within 5 ~ 6 days after taking the medicine, and the false membrane disappeared completely within 3 ~ 6 days. The average time for bacterial culture to turn negative was 3.23 days. During the treatment, some cases were randomly selected and compared with the serum treatment group, and the results proved that the curative effect of the two groups was similar. Some people think that oral or nasal drip of the extract of Evergreen has a certain preventive effect on diphtheria; Evergreen is also effective for diphtheria complicated with myocarditis and laryngeal obstruction.
Treatment of mumps
Take 20 ~ 30 grams of fresh roots of evergreen, chop them up and mash them, and apply them to the affected area. Change dressing in the morning and evening 1 time. According to the observation of 30 cases, most of them recovered after 5 ~ 6 consecutive dressing changes.
Treatment of acute bacillary dysentery
Oral administration of 20% evergreen vinegar granules, the first dose is 5 ml, then 3 ~ 4 ml each time, 3 ~ 4 times a day, and 5 ~ 7 days is a course of treatment. Clinical observation 15 cases and 10 cases respectively. The former achieved a cure rate of 80%, while the latter was completely cured. Most cases developed fever in 1 ~ 2 days, and the stool frequency returned to normal in 1 ~ 3 days. Purulent blood disappeared easily in 1 ~ 5 days, and fecal culture turned negative in 1 ~ 5 days. During the medication, some cases complained of dizziness; 3 patients had slow heartbeat and pulse, but no arrhythmia; Severe paroxysmal abdominal pain occurred in 4 cases and lasted for 3 ~ 6 days. All the above reactions disappeared after drug withdrawal.
Treatment of heart failure
One-time administration method: take fresh roots or leaves of evergreen plants and decoct them twice with 1 ~ 1.5, and take 20ml of decoction for use in the morning and evening respectively. The second slow feeding method: take 0.6 ~ 1.2 Liang, add water to the first decoction150ml, and take 60ml of decoction; The second decoction was added with water120ml and decocted into 40ml. Mix the two decoctions, 30ml each time, three times a day. After the control of heart failure, we should immediately switch to maintenance volume to prevent poisoning. 43 cases were treated, heart failure was controlled 19 cases, marked effect 10 cases, improvement in 9 cases, ineffectiveness in 3 cases and death in 2 cases. Pulmonary heart disease complicated with heart failure has a good curative effect. Vomiting is easy to occur when taken orally, and no side effects are found in patients with * *. In addition, 65,438+05 cases of heart failure caused by paroxysmal tachycardia, rheumatic heart disease and syphilis heart disease were treated with Changqingcao extract, 65,438+0g each time (including 30g fresh crude drug), 2-3 times a day. After taking the extract, symptoms such as palpitation, shortness of breath, chest tightness, chest pain, cyanosis and edema all improved or disappeared to varying degrees. No toxic reaction occurred.
Treatment of arrhythmia
Dilute 2 ~ 4 ml of Evergreen Root Injection (0.5 g of crude drug per ml) in 250 ~ 500 ml of 25% glucose, and drip intravenously at the rate of 30 ~ 40 drops per minute. Intramuscular injection is also feasible. Eight cases of supraventricular paroxysmal tachycardia were treated, and 7 cases were converted to sinus rhythm after drip. There were 2 cases of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, and the ventricular rate decreased rapidly after medication. Atrial flutter 1 case, which turned into atrial fibrillation shortly after taking the medicine. After continued medication, the ventricular rate dropped to 64 beats/min, but the above three cases (atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter) failed to return to normal during the use of the roots of evergreen. There were 6 cases of supraventricular paroxysmal tachycardia and ventricular or atrial premature beats treated with Wannian Qinggen Decoction, 4 cases turned to sinus rhythm or premature beats disappeared after taking the medicine, 1 case of premature beats decreased, 1 case was ineffective. Usage: General outpatient case, 6 yuan, 65,438+0 doses per day, decocted in water in the morning and evening for 4 days, as needed; For hospitalized and emergency cases, the roots of evergreen are decocted twice until they are effective or have drug reaction, taking them for no more than 4 days, and other Chinese medicines are used appropriately. Usually, the reaction is small when using a small dose, and it must be closely observed when using a large dose.
Excerpt from * dictionary