A big clan, a big family, worships the portraits of their ancestors in the ancestral hall or the middle hall (in front of the hall). Generally, the portraits of ancestors within five generations are synonymous with "for the frame", "for the shadow" and "for the golden purple". In some ancestral temples, men 16 years old can worship, except women. A pair of hair pin cakes (also called auspicious cakes) or two bowls are divided by the person in charge in turn. Young people of all families worship their elders in turn, which is called "worshipping the old". New Year's Eve has been divided into "lucky money", wrapped in red paper and pressed under the pillows of young people, so it is called "lucky money".
On that day, eating jiaozi in the morning means reunion. Some families are vegetarian all day. The biggest feature of this custom is to let household utensils "rest" for one day, that is, let housewives rest, not sweeping the floor, not asking for fire (not lighting others or cigarettes), not killing animals, not moving knives and scissors, not emptying toilets, not washing clothes, not abusing children or saying unlucky things. Don't say "early" when we meet in the morning, because you said it would attract more fleas this year. If you stumble, you should immediately say, "Oh, I dropped my gold ingot." This night, if you don't sleep and light a lamp before you faint, it means that lighting a lamp this year will attract more mosquitoes and flies. Before going to bed, put a "closing gun". Don't go out at night, commonly known as "Christmas Eve".
From the second day of the seventh lunar month to the eighth day of the eighth lunar month, every family goes out to visit relatives and friends. Generally, they go to relatives first, then go to distant relatives, take care of their husbands, nephews and uncles, and treat each other with banquets, which is called "Chinese New Year's dinner" and "Chinese New Year's wine". The fifth day of May is the God of Wealth Day, which is the most important day for business people. It is called "opening the market" after "recruiting the God of Wealth". Some Buddhists walk on the Seventh Bridge on the seventh night of the seventh lunar month without looking back, and worship eight monks in the eighth lunar month, commonly known as "walking on the Seventh Bridge" and "worshiping eight monks".
In the meantime, folk entertainment activities include Dragon Lantern, Happy Lantern and big-head monk dance Dance. A little different from other places is "pretending to sweep the floor", that is, beggars (called "rich people" at this time) carry baskets, hold brooms decorated with red balls in their hands, pretend to sweep the floor, and sing slang songs: "Hold up the golden broom and Riggs (like a voice) will sweep it. Sweeping eastward, there are Qinglong, Qinglong rice jar and Huanglong barn in the boss's room; Sweeping to the south, the boss made a fortune in the house, Da Yuanbao made a raft, and Xiao Yuanbao made a boat. "
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Chinese New Year and other customs have remained unchanged, and many superstitious colors have disappeared. Organs and groups held mass worship, carried out activities of supporting the army and supporting the family members, supporting the government and loving the people, and expressed condolences to veteran cadres, workers, teachers, scientific and technological personnel, elderly people and workers in nursing homes who insisted on production during the Spring Festival. On the way, acquaintances meet, hold hands or shake hands and wish each other good luck.
( 1)
Taohuayuan is connected to Wuqiangxi and Wuling. According to legend, the ancient Qin people fled from years of war and set up a refuge for the meritorious military service. They work in this isolated place, support themselves, reproduce and become a unique feng shui. Today, the ancient folk customs here still show her past feelings as a paradise.
Taohuayuan has Qinren Cave, and there is a village called Sanhe Village in Qinren Cave. There are dozens of families in Sanhe village, most of whom are surnamed Qin, so this village is also called Qin Rencun. Are these villagers surnamed Qin descendants of ancient Qin people who went into caves to avoid chaos? No one has done any specific textual research. Anyway, the word "Qin" runs through ancient times and modern times, and their customs of food, clothing, housing and transportation are really different from those of modern society.
Clothes: In the past, people's clothes here were home-made homespun. Every family has spinning wheels and looms, producing cotton by itself, spinning and weaving, and the woven homespun is dyed blue or blue or gray or purple with plant dyes. Most clothes are made by ourselves. The dyed homespun is cut into pieces and then sewn together by hand. There is also a tailor who makes clothes, a gray bag, a few needles, a few twisted wires, and a pig iron similar to aluminum pot today, all of which are their tools. The style of clothes is men's jacket. A woman is a big dress with monochrome cloth buttons. Pants are big crotch pants, 4 feet waist, folded in front of the stomach, and then tied with a cloth belt. Nowadays, the clothes of young people in the village are similar to those of foreigners, but many old people still wear double-breasted clothes, big clothes and open-backed pants. However, the cloth of old people's clothes is no longer woven from soil, but selected from the market. Walking in the village, you can still find wooden spinning wheels and looms. Although these are idle and no longer used, they also show history. Even today, when sewing machines are widely used, there are still local tailors carrying iron and grey bags in the village.
Food: of course, it is the staple food rice, which is similar to the villagers outside the cave. The "food" here refers to the tools for processing rice. The tools used by villagers in Qincun to process rice are plates, stones and windmills. The dish is round and has two plates. The lower fan is fixed on a wooden frame with a hardwood shaft in the middle, and the upper fan rotates on the lower fan around the wooden shaft. The friction surfaces of the upper and lower fans are regularly embedded with many hardwood pieces as teeth, and the teeth are rammed with loess. The function of vegetables is to remove the rough shells from the shells. When vegetables are processed, rice husks are piled in the container of the upper fan, and the upper fan is manually driven to rotate. Through the friction of wood teeth, rice husk spills rough brown rice from the gap between the upper and lower surfaces. Brown rice is processed into cooked rice by stone chips. Most of the rice that villagers eat now is processed by machines, but there are workshops in the village that can process rice for villagers in ancient ways. In fact, some villagers use barnyard grass and stone piles to process rice in their workshops. They (especially the elderly) think it is more fragrant and softer than rice processed by machines.
Live: In the past, villagers' houses were all bamboo sheds. The huts are built on one side of the mountain. They are independent. It is indeed "chicken and dog hear each other." The room is very simple, with stones as benches, boards as beds, gourds (commonly known as lugua) cut into spoons, and bricks as bases for cooking stoves. Now huts have been replaced by wooden houses. The wooden house is full of small blue tiles and white walls, and it still has an ancient legacy. Although every household has a TV set and refrigerator, cutting the gourd ladle is in the same strain.
Ok: Although Qinren Village is close to the national highway, there are no roads in the village, and rural roads crisscross. These rural roads are not superior to cement roads and asphalt roads, but they do have their advantages. It smells of green grass and soil moisture, which makes people feel warm and comfortable when they step on it barefoot, and makes people feel the beating of the earth.
(2)
"a hundred miles of different winds, a thousand miles of different customs." Every place has different characteristics. Today, let me take you into Guangdong Folk Customs Grand View Garden! Herbal tea Guangdong people like herbal tea best. They believe that herbal tea is the insurance company of the body, and sick clothes can cure diseases, while non-sick clothes can prevent diseases. If adults don't drink several cups of herbal tea (mostly Wang Laoji) in a month, and infants don't accept seven star tea once every 2-3 days, they think that their health is not guaranteed. Bamboo tube water is one of Guangdong herbal teas, which has the effects of clearing away heat, promoting fluid production, quenching thirst, moistening lung and expelling toxin. Commonly used herbal teas, such as Wuhua Tea, Xiasangju Tea, and Wanglaoji Tea, are all composed of medicines with bitter taste and cold nature, and are suitable for depression syndromes such as colds at four o'clock, headaches and fever. Among them, Wang Laoji has the coldest medicinal properties, while Wuhua Tea and Xiasangju are relatively peaceful. Children's seven star tea is composed of drugs with sweet taste and slight cold, which is suitable for children's colds, fever, irritability and gnashing of teeth. Suitable for people with strong constitution, frequent sore throat, dry stool, red tongue and yellow greasy fur. However, the only feeling of foreigners who have drunk herbal tea is the word "bitter"! Take a sip of herbal tea and stuff a few pieces of dried tangerine peel into it at once. Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province is known as the "Flower City", and its annual Winter jasmine market attracts worldwide attention. On the eve of the Spring Festival, the streets and alleys of Guangzhou are filled with flowers and potted oranges, and all major parks hold Spring Festival exhibitions, especially three days before New Year's Eve. Colorful buildings and flower stands were set up on the main streets of each district. Flower farmers from four towns flocked in, arrayed themselves and peddled flowers and oranges. The ten-mile-long streets were crowded with flowers and people until the early morning of the New Year's Day. This is a unique Chinese New Year's Eve flower market in Guangzhou. Guangzhou has been planting flowers for 1000 years. As early as the Southern Han Dynasty in the Five Dynasties, there were many fragrant flower fields in Zhuangtou Village on the south bank of the Pearl River. Ji Suxin, the pet of Liu Wei, the king of the Southern Han Dynasty, was the flower girl in Zhuangtou. Kumquat symbolizes "good luck". Similarly, there are fruits handed down from generation to generation, which means to reproduce from generation to generation: bergamot fruit, like a palm, is as elegant and solemn as a believer, and is favored by good men and women. At the beginning of the twelfth lunar month, there were a large number of narcissus heads shipped from Zhangzhou, Fujian Province. After people buy it back, they cultivate it carefully and control the flowering period by adjusting the water temperature and sunshine. Narcissus seems to understand people's feelings. It often blooms in turn at the family reunion dinner on New Year's Eve, or in the firecrackers on the first day of the first month of the first month, bringing people endless fun. As the saying goes, "Flowers bloom with wealth", which is just a good sign. In addition, daffodils are delicate, graceful and fragrant, which is a must for every family. Of course, there are many folk customs in Guangdong. For example: making soup, dancing lions, planting bamboos, and even jumping cows in some places ... each place has different characteristics, waiting for us to discover!
There is always a star shining in memory, and it will never lose its luster.
This is a scene of Taiyuan Lantern Festival:
This year's Lantern Festival is different from the previous Lantern Festival, because with the development of economy, people are getting richer and richer, and the streets are full of lanterns and colored lights, and the streets are full of traffic. I can only see the crowd on the road, and the whole road has become a "sidewalk". There is no end of the crowd in sight, and the whole street is very lively. The shop was crowded with people. Looking at the excitement, I can't help but think of the Lantern Festival in Tang Yin: "The moon is unhappy without lights, and the moon is not spring without lights. Spring is everywhere, just like the lady seen here. On a bright moonlit night, flashing lanterns set off the moon like pure silver. The streets are full of Zhu Cui swimming around the girls in the village, singing songs and competing with the social gods. How can you get rid of this good time if you don't show your respect and smile? " I was carried away, but I didn't realize that my sister was standing quietly behind me. "hey! Cousin is so elegant, what's the point of looking at it like this? Why don't we go shopping? " "Yes, yes!" I quickly applauded.
When we came to the street, we also integrated into this lively atmosphere. My sister dragged me around and walked all the way down. We found many lanterns, each unique, which made my mouth water. Some are sewn with needles, and some are all made of glass ... In the center of the square, there is a beautifully made huge lantern that many passers-by stop to watch. Firecrackers are ringing in the distant night sky. When fireworks bloomed in the night sky, five striking Chinese characters "Happy Lantern Festival" appeared. This already lively Lantern Festival adds a bit of charm, and the beautiful lotus lanterns help people convey happiness and well-being.
Everything in the Lantern Festival is so eye-catching, but I like making lanterns.
Making lanterns is not that easy. Choosing bamboo is the key. The quality of bamboo directly determines the success or failure of lanterns. Let me just say one thing. This glorious task is entrusted to my elder sister who is experienced in actual combat. When the bamboo is selected and the frame is finished, I can't leave this embroidery to me idle. Don't underestimate me. I am Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon. It's easier said than done. It's either wrong or wrong. "Well, good things can buy a good price. Haha "
On this day, even though there were many unpleasantness, it was swept away.
Comment: It vividly depicts the custom of celebrating the Lantern Festival in Taiyuan. Festival street is decorated with lights and colors; Lantern lets passers-by stop to watch; The process of making lanterns has a unique flavor, and this scene is vividly described in your pen. It is a rare and excellent work.
Unique clothing.
Many countries in the world have different customs and habits, and different countries like different clothes. Today, I want to show you about Japanese kimonos and Korean robes.
Kimono is the traditional costume of Yamato nationality in Japan, which is called "thing" locally, because its patterns and colors reflect the concrete image of nature, and it is also called "flower viewing screen". Kimono doesn't need buttons, just a knotted belt. There are many kinds of belts and different ways to tie them. The widely used one is "Taikoo Knot", that is, a paper core or cloth core is placed at the waist knot in the belt. Because tying knots is very troublesome, after World War II, "improvement belt" and "cultural belt" appeared again.
"Hanpao" is a traditional costume of Korean nationality, and its style is suitable for Korean climate and sitting habits. Women's Hanbok tops are paired with elegant long skirts. The colors of tops and long skirts are colorful, and some are bright and gorgeous.
Different regions have different characteristics, different countries have different colors, and bits and pieces of life are gathered into colorful amorous feelings paintings, all of which reflect rich and colorful regional characteristics and show the unique charm of each country.
Comments: The content is refreshing. The kimono and the "Korean robe" are vividly introduced, and the characteristics of the costumes are described in detail, so that we can appreciate the colorful exotic customs. If there are more legends or functions, the article will be icing on the cake.
Dragon Boat Racing
Speaking of dragon boat racing, I think everyone has heard of it and witnessed it. Listen to the sound of gongs and drums and firecrackers, and the dragon boat race will begin.
There are a sea of people on both sides of the river surrounded by the audience, and you fight for who wins and who loses. Dragon boats compete to draw, and the strength of the three dragons is neck and neck. The players rowed the paddles "12 1, 12 1" neatly. Standing at the bow was a burly man, beating hard with a drum hammer in his hand to boost morale.
The observers on the shore watched intently, while anxiously shouting for refueling, and the players on the river rowed happily. They listened to the audience's strong resistance to shouting, and suddenly they were full of confidence and rowed harder. The sound of gongs and drums is getting louder and louder, and the speed of rowing is getting faster and faster. The river was stirred up, splashing white waves. The river slapped the bank violently, and the contestants became more and more brave. At the time of inextricably linked, the blue team struggled to win the championship. Although the other two teams lost, they were not discouraged, but celebrated for the blue team with an optimistic attitude. At this time, firecrackers exploded and people were boiling to give prizes to the champions. It's time to cheer and shout. Firecrackers are the most energetic symphony in this dragon boat race.
The river calmed down and the gongs, drums and firecrackers disappeared. Just now, the lively atmosphere gradually faded away, and the grand dragon boat race came to a close.
Comments: Go straight to the point from the beginning. "gongs and drums are loud and firecrackers are ringing" has not seen its scenery. I heard its voice first, creating a lively and festive atmosphere. The third paragraph pushed the dragon boat race to a climax. The lively cheers and shouts seemed to reverberate in our ears, and the ending was naturally concise and memorable.
Bai (ba)
There are 56 national flowers in China. Different regions and nationalities have their own unique folk customs.
Bai nationality is a nationality with a long history and culture in the southwest frontier of China. Bai people mainly live in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province.
Bai people also have their own beautiful clothes. Because it is "white", the clothes are white, and a few pink flowers are embroidered on the white clothes, which is particularly beautiful. There are also headdresses with the titles of wind, flowers, snow and moon on their heads. The language of the Bai people is completely different from ours. Bai people call the lady "Golden Flower" and the man "Brother A Peng"
Once I went to Dali, Yunnan, the tour guide took my family to a teahouse for tea. When I got to the box, I saw two Bai aunts making tea. "The first cup is bitter tea, brewed with green tea baked in clay pots, which tastes sweet and bitter; The second course is sweet tea, a milk fan made of brown sugar and milk. The second three-flavor tea is aftertaste tea, which is soaked in boiling water with honey and tastes very sweet. " An aunt said. Another aunt added: "This is a saying that tea is divided into three parts, one part bitter, two parts sweet and three parts aftertaste. These three kinds of teas are also gifts for our Bai people to entertain guests, which represents our Bai people's respect and enthusiasm for our guests. "
This is the Bai nationality. Although their number is not as large as that of Han nationality, their enthusiasm left a deep impression on me.
Comments: Starting with the introduction of the geographical location of the Bai people, the costumes of the Bai people are vividly introduced, and combined with their own personal experiences, the respect and enthusiasm of the Bai people for the guests are highlighted, which makes people like it at first sight.
"Snow Festival" in Tibet
Every nation has its own unique holiday customs, which bloom slowly and exude a faint fragrance, attracting us. Of course, this Tibetan "flower" has already bloomed in a bustling market, and one of its petals is the Tibetan Snow Festival.
The Snowdon Festival is a traditional festival in Tibet, which is held from the end of June to the beginning of July every year in the Tibetan calendar. In Tibetan, "snow" means yogurt, "rice" means "eating" and "feasting". According to Tibetan interpretation, Xuedun Festival means eating yogurt, so it is also called "Yogurt Festival". Although we have all eaten yogurt, the Tibetan people have added it to folk customs.
"Snow Festival" is the happiest day for Tibetan people. On this day, people eat yogurt and compete together. Look, there is an endless stream of tables with yogurt, and people are scrambling to get to the table. Everyone has thirty bowls full of yogurt, to see who can finish so much yogurt in the shortest time. There are old people, middle-aged people, young people, children and all kinds of people. People come to the game not to eat, but to make the scene more lively and make others happier.