First, the cause of fatty liver: Fatty liver As the saying goes, there is too much fat in the liver and it is wrapped in the liver, which is characterized by abnormal accumulation of fat in the liver. Normal liver tissue contains a small amount of fat (including triacylglycerol, fatty acids, phospholipids, cholesterol and cholesterol fat), accounting for about 4% ~ 7% of the liver weight. However, if the fat content exceeds 5%, it is mild fatty liver; if it exceeds 10%, it is moderate fatty liver; if it exceeds 25%, it is severe fatty liver. Fatty liver is almost asymptomatic in the early stage, and the laboratory examination lacks specificity. Liver function is also normal, which is a reversible disease. If treated in time, it can return to normal, but very few people can have secondary liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and abnormal liver function. The causes of fatty liver are as follows.

1. Alcoholism: Have a history of drinking, 1 year to several decades; Long-term heavy drinking will increase the burden on the liver. Alcohol is mainly decomposed in the liver, which will hinder the liver's catabolism of fat, thus causing the accumulation of fat.

2, overnutrition: excessive intake of high-fat, high-sugar foods, so that liver fat is too much; Or excessive rest during the recovery period of hepatitis and excessive calorie intake can also form fatty liver.

3, drugs: Many drugs can cause liver fat deposition, such as tetracycline, estrogen, amiodarone, glucocorticoid, chlorpromazine, isoniazid, thiopurine and so on, which can cause fatty liver.

4. Chronic diseases: diabetes, hyperthyroidism, hyperlipoproteinemia, gonadal abnormality, pregnancy, galactose and fructose intolerance, malnutrition (protein deficiency, choline deficiency, vitamin deficiency).

Second, the symptoms of fatty liver: 1, the symptoms of mild fatty liver: some just feel tired, bloating, belching, fullness in the liver area and so on.

2. Symptoms of moderate and severe fatty liver: There are symptoms similar to chronic hepatitis, such as loss of appetite, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, dull pain in the liver area or right upper abdomen, etc.

3. Clinical examination: 75% patients have mild hepatomegaly, and a few patients may have splenomegaly, spider nevus and liver palm. Among them, spider nevus is a vascular nevus formed by the expansion of the terminal branches of cutaneous arterioles, which looks like a spider, so it is called spider nevus, and often appears on the face, neck, back of hand, upper arm, chest and shoulder. The diameter can be as large as a few centimeters from the needle. During the examination, press the center of the mole with fingertips or cotton swabs, and its radial "small vascular network" will fade and reappear after the pressure is released. It can also be seen in some patients with fatty liver.

4, vitamin deficiency: fatty liver due to fat accumulation and vitamin deficiency in the diet, at this time people are prone to multivitamin deficiency. Clinical manifestations include peripheral neuritis, glossitis, angular stomatitis, ecchymosis and hyperkeratosis. A few people can also have gastrointestinal bleeding, gum bleeding, nosebleeds and so on.

Third, the treatment of fatty liver: the treatment of moderate and severe fatty liver is multifaceted. Treatment is still based on removing the cause and treating the primary disease. Comprehensive treatment should be based on the etiology and the specific conditions of patients in order to be effective. Mild and moderate fatty liver may be reversed, but if it is left unchecked, once it develops into liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, it is difficult to restore the liver to normal even if it is actively treated. Nowadays, diet control, exercise therapy, lipid-lowering drugs, antioxidants and so on are usually used.

1, abstinence: Abstinence from alcohol is necessary for fatty liver caused by drinking. Simple fatty liver and toxic liver disease, mainly alcoholic fatty liver, generally return to normal after 2-4 weeks of abstinence treatment.

2. Diet control: adjust the diet structure, adopt low-fat, high-protein, low-sugar, low-calorie and fiber-rich foods, and supplement sufficient vitamin B 1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, folic acid, zinc, choline and methionine.

3. Exercise: Increase the amount of exercise and control your weight.

4. Drug therapy: (1) Vitamin E: Vitamin E is recommended as the first choice for adult patients with non-diabetic nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, which can improve the biological and histological parameters of the liver. (2) Pioglitazone: Pioglitazone is recommended for patients with insulin-resistant nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

(3) Statins: Statins and ezetimibe are recommended for patients with fatty liver with hypercholesterolemia.

(4) Sartans: It is recommended to use angiotensin Ⅱ receptor antagonists in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and hypertension.

(5) Patients with hepatotropic virus infection or other liver diseases. It is suggested that 1-2 Chinese and western medicines, such as polyene phosphatidylcholine, silymarin, glycyrrhizic acid preparation, bicyclol, ursodeoxycholic acid, adenosylmethionine, reduced glutathione, etc., should be reasonably selected according to the disease activity, course of disease, efficacy and price, and the course of treatment is generally over 6- 12 months.

(6) At present, the treatment of fatty liver mostly adopts western medicine. Who knows, our Chinese medicine has also achieved remarkable results in controlling fatty liver. Commonly used Chinese medicines such as hawthorn, medlar, Polygonum multiflorum and so on. A. Hawthorn: slightly warm and sour. Li Shizhen said in Compendium of Materia Medica: It "changes diet, eliminates meat accumulation, and eliminates blood stasis and pain."

Modern pharmacological research has proved that hawthorn can enhance myocardial contractility, increase cardiac output, slow down heart rate, dilate coronary vessels, and has the functions of lowering blood pressure and blood lipid. Hawthorn fruit and hawthorn cake should be taken once, about 10g, twice a day, after meals. B. medlar: sweet and flat. Chinese medicine believes that it can tonify liver yin, nourish liver blood and benefit eyesight.

Modern pharmacological studies have proved that Lycium barbarum can lower blood sugar, inhibit the deposition of fat in liver cells, promote the regeneration of liver cells, and have antihypertensive effect. Every time 10 ~ 15g, it can be used for porridge and cooking, and can also be used to make tea instead of drinking. C. Polygonum multiflorum Thunb: Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Radix Polygoni Multiflori Preparata is warm and bitter. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that Radix Polygoni Multiflori Preparata is a good medicine for strengthening the body and prolonging life. Modern experiments have proved that Polygonum multiflorum Thunb has the functions of lowering blood fat, lowering blood sugar, softening blood vessels and lowering blood pressure. Usage: Take the decoction 10 ~ 15g every time, 1 ~ 2 times a day, but be careful not to take it for a long time or take it excessively.

Fatty liver has different degrees, including mild, moderate and severe. Generally speaking, fatty liver is defined as mild, moderate and severe according to B-ultrasound. Secondly, we should pay more attention to the changes of liver function. If it appears, once the liver function of patients with fatty liver is abnormal, it is also known as the increase of transaminase. This condition is called steatohepatitis. Clinically, it can be divided into simple fatty liver, steatohepatitis, fatty liver fibrosis and fatty liver cirrhosis. When you enter the stage of steatohepatitis, you should seek medical advice immediately.