Keywords: modern landscape elements, hard landscape and soft landscape
The basic elements of artistic design landscape can be divided into two categories: one is soft things, such as trees, water, wind, drizzle, sunshine and sky; The other kind is hard things, such as floors, walls, railings and landscape construction. Soft things are called soft scenes, which are usually natural; Hard things, called hard landscapes, are usually artificial. Of course, there are exceptions. For example, mountains are hard but natural. With the development of society, people's pursuit of spiritual life is getting higher and higher. As an important part of human life in modern society, garden landscape puts forward higher requirements for landscape designers. This means that in the process of innovation, designers design the details of various landscape elements, thus improving the value of landscape.
1 hard landscape art design
1. 1 Pave the road
Paving the floor is a key point of landscape design, especially the setting of juice in the square. Many famous squares in the world are deeply impressed by their exquisite pavement design, such as the Rome Municipal Square designed by Michelangelo and the Central Square in Macau. However, it seems that the research on pavement in our current design is not enough, especially careful consideration. It is not to study how to play the role of pavement in the composition of landscape space, but to pursue the grade of materials unilaterally, thinking that this is good, but it is not. Not all places should use high-grade materials, so-called "good steel is used on the blade." In foreign countries, the research in this field is very in-depth. For example, the square pavement and stool blocks of the Eiffel Tower in Paris are all concrete products, and high-grade granite plates are not selected, which is not harmonious or can't be said to be grade. At the same time, we can use the texture and color of the pavement to divide different spaces and produce different use effects. For example, in some fitness places, you can use some pebbles to massage the soles of your feet. The pavement of blind roads should also be distinguished from normal people to facilitate blind people to walk, which has been reflected in the urban road planning of Dongying City.
1.2 wall
Brick walls and stone walls were used in the past. Although they are primitive, they can't keep pace with modern society. Mushroom stone veneer wall is now favored by the broad masses of the people. Not only the wall materials have been greatly improved, but also the types are various, such as sound insulation wall for airport, retaining wall for slope protection, embossed wall for separating space, etc. The appearance of modern glass wall is a great creation, because the transparency of glass is relatively high, which has greatly promoted the construction of landscape. With the development of the times, the wall is not only a symbol of defense, but also an artistic sense.
1.3 sketch
There are many kinds of garden sketches, including benches, flower stands, sculptures, fitness equipment and so on. Sitting stool is the most basic facility in the landscape, and the layout of sitting stool should be carefully scrutinized. Generally speaking, it is more popular to set up benches in areas with friendly and pleasant space, good visual conditions and certain safety protection than in public places. Xidan Cultural Square, because it is impossible to fill the square with benches, has to put a row of chairs beside the narrow road, because there are no other facilities for people to sit on, so tourists have to sit on it, but this design is unreasonable, so it can be seen that the design must provide auxiliary seats, such as steps, flower ponds, low walls and so on. This often leads to good results.
1.4 Landscape Architecture
Including rainwater wells, inspection wells, lampposts, garbage cans and other necessary facilities. In the past, people only paid attention to the large landscape effect, but neglected some artistic considerations of landscape construction, which led to a design project always feeling a fly in the ointment. Now, with the continuous accumulation and improvement of human ideology, people gradually begin to consider landscape details. Therefore, a good visual effect is obtained. This is particularly evident in foreign countries. In China, for example, manhole covers are not decorated at all. Although some prefabricated brown manhole covers have appeared, the visual effect is average. However, the research on manhole covers abroad is more detailed. They decorate the color of the manhole cover, and colorful patterns are properly applied to landscape design, which is organically combined with the landscape to form a unique landscape.
2 soft landscape art design
2. 1 garden plants: it can be said that art plays a great role in plant landscaping. The definition of plant landscaping is "using trees, shrubs, vines and herbs to create landscapes, and giving full play to the natural beauty of plants such as shapes, lines and colors, and configuring them into beautiful and moving pictures for people to watch." "The fundamental feature that distinguishes plant landscaping from other elements is its life characteristics, which is also its charm. Therefore, whether plants can reach the expected volume, seasonal changes, ecological speed, etc. requires in-depth and meticulous consideration, as well as factors such as plant planting location, microclimate and interference. On the basis of reaching the survival rate standard, using the artistic principle of plant landscaping, a garden plant landscape with sparse forests and dense forests, beautiful skyline and forest edge lines and beautiful plant communities is formed. With the deepening and development of ecological landscape construction, and the introduction of landscape ecology, global ecology and other disciplines, plant landscaping also includes deeper and wider ecological landscape and cultural landscape.
2.2 Water body: Water body can be divided into moving water and still water. Flowing water includes fountains, waterfalls and streams, while still water includes ponds and lakes. The application of fountain in modern landscape is universal and popular. Fountains can use light, sound, shape and color to produce artistic feelings such as vision, hearing and touch, so that people living in cities can feel the breath of natural water. Nevertheless, man-made traces are always inevitably displayed. If we can skillfully combine man-made and nature, we will certainly show another realm early.
2.3 Others: breeze, drizzle, sunshine, sky, etc.
They are treasures endowed by nature, and human beings make full use of these elements in creating nature, resulting in many landscape arts, such as the cofferdam in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, WEST8.
The detailed design of modern landscape elements is very important. The quality of a landscape depends not only on the structure, but also on the details, from the size of the steps, the treatment of the rain mouth, to the planting method of paving the facade of the building, which are all very important and need to be scrutinized repeatedly. The reason is simple, but it is often in the hands of a few people. Now that we are aware of this and study hard, I believe the landscape design of China will reach a new level.
References:
(1) Liu Binyi Modern Landscape Planning and Design Southeast University Press
(2) Liu Binyi waterfront landscape design.
(3) Ai, Jin Limin, and New Views on Landscape Architecture, China Building Industry Press.
(4) China Gardens 20012, 2003/3, 1999/7.
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