Before the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC), there was a normal college in Shandong, which was moved to Anhui during War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's period and moved back to Jinan after War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory. /kloc-in the spring of 0/948, it was changed to Shandong Normal University, with five subjects and one advanced class, with more than 30 teachers and 464 students. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/948, Jinan was liberated and teachers' college was dissolved by itself.
After the liberation of Jinan, East China University, founded by East China Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, transferred some cadres, teachers and students, absorbed some teachers and students of the old Shandong Normal University, and established the College of Education. 1949165438+10, the College of Education was once independently changed to Shandong Normal University. In April of the following year, the national rectification plan was implemented and cancelled. Some staff members returned to East China University, and some were merged into Shandong Administrative Cadre School.
1950 In September, the Central East China Bureau decided to merge East China University with Shandong University. The former staff of the School of Education of East China University and some staff transferred from the administrative cadres of Shandong Province founded Shandong Normal University in the former site of Jinan Sericulture School in Guanyingpan Street, south of Jinan. /kloc-in September, 2008, 66 students from Donghua University transferred to Shandong Normal University, and enrolled students on June 15-25.1October 27-29 held the freshman examination. 18. The task of running a school is "to train students with the foundation of Marxism–Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought according to the educational policy of new democracy and combining theory with practice". At that time, there were 3 full-time teachers and 3 part-time teachers, including professors, 9 associate professors, 5 lecturers, 4 teachers and 6 teaching assistants. Cadres 16, employees 17 and workers 14. Six departments of Chinese, history, geography, education, mathematics, physics and chemistry, natural history, art and sports were established, with an enrollment of 30 1 person (45 in Chinese, 46 in historical geography, 5 1 person in education, 42 in mathematics, physics and chemistry, 53 in natural history and 64 in art and sports). The teacher training department of the affiliated middle school recruits 69 unemployed middle school teachers, each for three months, as a short-term training course; * * * There are more than 300 students in school. At that time, there were only more than 8,000 books, 6 microscopes and 2 pianos in the hospital. The sports ground is less than 60 meters long, with narrow houses and poor equipment. The first president, Party Secretary Tian Peizhi (former president of Shandong Public School, vice president of Shandong University in the Liberated Area, dean of the School of Education of East China University), President Liu, head of Chinese Department Zhao Yisheng, head of history and geography department, head of education department Lian Lizhi, head of mathematics and physics department Tian Peizhi, acting director of natural history department Wang Juncen, and deputy director of art department Tian Youling.
195 1 In July, Shandong Normal University hired more than 20 teachers such as Suzhou East China Revolutionary University and Tianjin North China Revolutionary University to teach, such as Zhang Yi, a professor of psychology, and Fu Tongxian, a professor of education. The original department of mathematical chemistry was divided into two departments, and the fine arts system was divided into two departments, namely, fine arts and physical education, which increased Shandong Normal University from six departments to eight departments and increased its collection to more than 50,000 volumes. Construction began on the first floor (two-story teaching building), a hall (canteen) and four bungalow dormitories, and some departments were arranged to recruit 345 second-year students and 70 middle school teachers for short-term training courses.
During the period of 1952, colleges and universities all over the country adjusted. Under the guidance of the policy of "developing normal education" of the Central Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University was listed as a "transferred-in" institution. The superior has successively transferred the teachers and students of physics, chemistry and biology departments, books, instruments and equipment, some teachers of arithmetic and liberal arts departments, 32 students of Qingdao Academy of Fine Arts and some science equipment of Shanghai universities to Shandong Normal University. After the adjustment of departments, Shandong Normal University has developed from eight departments to 10 departments of Chinese, history, geography, education, mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, art, physical education and so on, and its school buildings have also expanded a lot. When preparing for the adjustment, the Department of Geography and Mathematics of Literature and History Education has moved from Yingpan Street, Qianfo Mountain via No.5 Road and No.9 Road to Jinan Commercial Port. After the adjustment of departments, the number of teachers in Shandong Normal University has grown to 140, including 30 professors, 26 associate professors, 25 lecturers, 25 teachers and 42 teaching assistants. The number of employees has grown to 132, including 70 cadres and workers and 62 workers; The first four-year undergraduate, two-year junior college students and one-year crash course were recruited from all over the country, 1300 people; Books have increased to more than 250,000 volumes, and instruments and equipment have also increased greatly. Before and after the adjustment of departments, Yu Xiu, Dean and Party Secretary, Liu Hongxuan, Vice President and Deputy Secretary (took office in March, 1953), Wang Datong, Dean, and Tian Zhongji, Vice President.
From 1953 to 1957, China implemented the first five-year plan. The central government put forward the educational policy of "rectifying and consolidating, strengthening key points, improving quality and developing steadily", held two national conferences on higher normal education, issued the "Instructions on Improving and Developing Higher Normal Education" and formulated the development plan of higher normal education. Under the guidance of this spirit, Shandong Provincial People's Government revoked Shandong University of Finance and Economics on 1953, and merged the school building and some staff into Shandong Normal University. The four departments of Chinese, History, Arts and Physical Education moved from Jinan Commercial Port to Qianfo Mountain and were named as the Third Hospital, but the education department stopped enrolling students. From 65438 to 0954, the state invested another 23 billion yuan (in the currency of the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China) for the capital construction of Shandong Normal University. After more than a year's efforts, two teaching buildings (more than 8,900 square meters each), a book office building (more than 6,200 square meters), two staff dormitories (more than 0/.500 square meters each), kindergartens and health centers have been built in the new site of Qianfo Mountain. /kloc-in the summer of 0/955, the school moved for the second time, all from Jinan commercial port to Qianfo Mountain, realizing centralized running. 1956 The Department of Foreign Languages was added, and each department expanded its enrollment, enrolling 940 undergraduates and 675 junior college students, more than doubling the enrollment in previous years. By 1957, Shandong Normal University has 10 departments and 1 1 majors in Chinese, history, foreign languages, mathematics, physics, chemistry, geography, biology, sports and art (music and fine arts). The number of teachers increased to 5 1 1 person (25 professors, 2 associate professors, 72 lecturers, 50 teachers, 3 17 teaching assistants and 36 teaching assistants), and the number of employees increased to 388 (39 cadres, staff/kloc-) From 1956 to 1957, Peng Weisan and Zhang successively served as the dean, and Su Keqiang and Xu Yongsi successively served as the party secretary. Liu Hongxuan and Liu Zhen, vice presidents, Dong Ziyi and Chen Fuhui, deputy secretaries.
During this period, teachers and students generally participated in the study of Marxism-Leninism and current affairs and politics, and often carried out social propaganda activities. Performing dramas, comic exhibitions and charity performances inside and outside the school to promote "resisting US aggression and aiding Korea and protecting the country and defending the country"; Sign up for military cadre schools, express condolences to the families of martyrs, and formulate patriotic conventions; I stayed in school for several years in the winter and summer vacations to participate in the "counter-revolutionary", "counter-revolutionary" and "five evils" movement, participated in the "counter-revolutionary" and "five evils" task forces in Jinan in batches, and participated in the "land reform" task force in the countryside, and so on, which was tempered by the actual class struggle and democratic revolution.
During this period, the school attached great importance to the teaching and practice of educational theory. As soon as Shandong Normal University was founded, it established the Department of Education, which organized cadres and teachers in the whole school to study pedagogy, psychology and logic, and systematically study educational theory. 1in the spring of 952, a group of middle school teachers with teaching experience were transferred to teach basic courses and teaching methods in various departments. After the adjustment of departments, pedagogy, psychology and educational history courses were generally offered in all departments. Shandong Experimental Middle School and the First Workers and Peasants Accelerated Middle School were designated as secondary schools attached to Shandong Normal University as places for educational experiments, internships and apprenticeships. 1955 experimental middle school was placed at the provincial level, and the workers and peasants senior middle school was changed to the affiliated middle school of Shandong Normal University. Heping Road Primary School was also established, and 1956 was changed to the primary school attached to Shandong Normal University. Subsequently, various departments and subjects established contact with many middle schools in Jinan and even the whole province, included educational probation and practice in the teaching plan, and extensively carried out educational practice activities.
During this period, the school attached great importance to teaching reform and textbook construction. In the early days of the establishment of Shandong Normal University, according to the Decision of the Central Government Council on Curriculum Reform in Colleges and Universities, public courses such as the history of social development, the history of China revolution and political economy were added. From 65438 to 0952, he studied the Soviet Union and the methodology of pedagogy from curriculum to teaching form in Kailov. 1953 puts forward that "teaching reform should focus on the reform of teaching content", "learning from Soviet experience should be combined with the reality of China" and "don't copy it mechanically". On the basis of teaching inspection and summing up experience, starting from 1954, a reform upsurge has been set off around the compilation of teaching materials. At that time, it was emphasized that the content of teaching materials should be linked with the reality of middle schools, absorb new scientific research achievements at home and abroad, critically absorb the content of old teaching materials, and pay attention to scientific, systematic and interrelated, and so on. As a result of the reform, among the 125 courses offered at that time, 73 courses were given new handouts, accounting for 58% of the total.
During this period, the school attached great importance to long-term planning and capital construction. From 1954 to 1, President Yu Xiu personally led the members of the Infrastructure Committee to study the layout, investigate the site, design the blueprint and inspect the construction, which lasted for several months. In more than a year (1completed in July, 955), two teaching buildings with an area of 8,900 square meters each and a book office building with an area of more than 6,200 square meters (that is, the present culture) were built.
During this period, the school attached importance to correspondence education. The Correspondence Department of Shandong Normal University was established in April 1956, and three specialized courses of Chinese, biology and chemistry were offered in summer 1956 for three years. It recruited more than 500 middle school teachers who had not graduated from junior college in the whole province, and later opened evening classes and amateur universities, laying the foundation for various forms of teacher training and the development of adult higher education.
During this period, the school also attached great importance to the construction of teachers. 1952 during the adjustment of departments, the school leaders tried their best to win more old teachers to teach at Shandong Normal University. Then a large number of young teachers were trained to form an echelon; Carefully formulate training plans and implement learning plans one by one; And often go deep into the dormitory to understand the teaching and research situation, attach importance to talents and cultivate talents.
From 1958 to 1962, China entered the second five-year plan period of developing the national economy. The central government put forward the slogans of "going our own way" and "educational revolution" for education, and stressed that normal universities should promote the reform and development of education. Therefore, Shandong Normal University has been expanding and developing from enrollment to infrastructure. 1958, we enrolled 1 172 undergraduates and 237 junior college students, organized teachers and students from all departments to go to the countryside, and set up large-scale agricultural schools and factories in schools. We also agreed that the Department of Physical Education should establish Shandong Institute of Physical Education independently, and the Department of Art and Shandong Art School should be merged to form Shandong Art Institute. 1960 continue to expand enrollment 1339 undergraduates and 82 junior college students, build more political departments and restore education departments. In the past three years, although there is still a 10 system, the scale has been greatly developed, and the number of students enrolled in 196 1 spring has increased to more than 4,200; In terms of infrastructure, a teaching building (note: the original historical building is 7,700 square meters), four student dormitories, nine staff dormitories, a gymnasium, an auditorium, a staff canteen, a kindergarten, a research institute and a trade building have been built, with a total construction area of more than 88,000 square meters. 196 1 autumn, with the temporary difficulties of the national economy and the compression of school education scale, Shandong Normal University reduced the enrollment of various departments, and only enrolled more than 600 students, less than half of the enrollment of 1960. Then, vigorously study and implement the eight-character policy of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on "adjustment, consolidation, enrichment and improvement" and the "Provisional Regulations on the Work of Colleges and Universities Directly under the Ministry of Education" (draft), namely "Sixty Articles of Higher Education", emphasize the principle of "teaching first, combining work with rest" and put forward the slogan of "adjustment, enrichment and improvement of quality".1966 Some students (304 in total) in the second and third grades of Biology and Geography Department were transferred to Shandong University of Finance and Economics, and the enrollment was further reduced to 508 (undergraduate 4 15, junior college 93), while the enrollment of Biology and Geography Department was suspended. The school concentrates on summing up the experience and lessons of the "Great Education Revolution" and discussing and formulating practical school-running directions, policies, rules and measures. 196 1 years ago or so, Liu Dishi was the party secretary and Liu Hongxuan was the dean. Deputy Secretaries Dong Ziyi and Wang Shiju, Vice Presidents Wang Datong, Ye Jintian and Tian Zhongji.
From 1963 to 1965, the CPC Central Committee continued to implement the "eight-character policy" throughout the country, extensively launched the socialist education movement, and restored and developed the national economy. Under the impetus of the national situation, Shandong Normal University requires teachers and students to fully implement the Party's education policy, further implement the spirit of "60 higher education articles", carry out socialist education movement according to the training task of higher normal education, strengthen leadership in teaching, scientific research, productive labor and teacher training, and strive to improve the quality of education. During the period of 1963, the school organized many cadres and teachers to discuss and check the implementation of the educational policy, emphasizing the practical implementation of the party's educational policy and cultivating strong proletarian educational revolutionary fighters, real working people intellectuals and real red and expert people teachers; And organize teachers and students to take various forms to widely carry out activities to learn from Lei Feng; Focusing on opposing bureaucracy, decentralism, extravagance and waste, cadres have successively launched the "five evils" and "Four Clean-ups" campaigns, and gradually formed an atmosphere of diligent education, thrift, helping others, democracy and unity. 1964 the people's government of Shandong province, according to the spirit of the State Council's instructions on adjusting relevant institutions of higher learning, decided to cancel Shandong art college, transfer the two majors of music and art back to Shandong normal university to rebuild the art department, and implement the major and minor system. I majored in art (or music) and minored in music (or art) for four years, and stayed in the Art College. Students can teach both music and art after graduation. At the same time, according to the instructions of the Central Committee on strengthening the construction of theoretical team, the school decided to establish pedagogy, modern world history (with emphasis on Asia, Africa and Latin America) and modern literature research rooms, and began to attach importance to and strengthen scientific research. In that year, the state also allocated nearly 300,000 yuan for the construction of staff dormitories on floors 12, 13, 14, 277 Qinglong Street, 196, 200 Longfeng Street, and some teaching rooms. 1965 In the middle and late July, the provincial Jinan English College was downsized and merged into Shandong Normal University (more than 30 teachers, more than 30 cadres, more than 400 students), and the English Department was established. At the end of 5438+ 10, the experimental farm (345 mu) of Shandong Agricultural College, located in Wuliuzha, the northern suburb of Jinan, was placed under Shandong Normal University as the base for teachers and students to learn agriculture. 165438+1October 24th, it was decided to set up a training course for agricultural middle schools and intermediate technicians in Yaotou commune in Licheng. It also organized teachers and students to run schools in Baliwa and take turns to be soldiers in the army, requiring all departments to establish bases for studying workers, peasants and soldiers. The province puts forward that "China's higher education should be self-contained, break the framework of capitalism and the Soviet Union, and cultivate better talents", and emphasizes that the central task of Shandong Normal University is to "hold high the great red flag of Mao Zedong Thought, take class and class struggle as the key link, earnestly carry out socialist education, resolutely implement Chairman Mao's" July 3 directive "(comprehensively arrange student activities and reduce students' burden), comprehensively implement the party's educational policy, and vigorously carry out teaching work. By 1965, Shandong Teachers College has Chinese, history, politics, foreign languages (English and Russian majors), English, mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, geography, sports, etc. 1965 departments1kloc-0/2 majors./kloc
During this period, school teachers and students often participate in social practice activities and conscientiously implement the policy of "education serves proletarian politics and combines education with productive labor" put forward by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council. 1958, more than 30 cadres and teachers from the whole school1958 went to Zouping rural areas to exercise, eat, live and work with farmers, run education, build water conservancy projects and improve farm tools, which was welcomed by farmers. 1348 students went to Linyi, Heze, Jinan and other areas in batches to help 13 county set up 665 private schools of various types, enrolling more than 25,000 students. 1959, dozens of cadres and teachers were sent to Taian countryside for labor training. 1960, 38 cadres were transferred to Shouguang county to participate in the campaign of increasing production and saving steel; More than 3,800 teachers and students were transferred to Qihe to participate in the "Sanqiu" labor. /kloc-in the winter of 0/964, teachers and students of Chinese, history and politics went to Qihe, Pingdu and Lingxian to participate in the rural "social education" movement. /kloc-in the winter of 0/965, fresh graduates from the whole hospital and a large number of government officials and teachers went to Licheng and other counties to participate in the "four clean-ups" task force.
During this period, the school has formed a good atmosphere of caring for public property, thrift, self-reliance and hard work. Since 1958, most students in Shandong Normal University have come from rural areas in Shandong Province. The school attaches importance to ideological and political education and labor education, and has formed a labor-loving atmosphere among teachers and students. Everyone in the overgrown, rocky Qianfo Mountain under the campus, pulling bricks and lifting soil, leveling the playground, paving roads and paving stones, voluntary school; Generally, open up wasteland to grow vegetables, trees and flowers to beautify the campus; Most departments and classes have set up barber groups, shoe repair groups and maintenance groups to repair their own teaching AIDS, save water and electricity as much as possible, and repair their hair and shoes with each other. The vast number of young students and faculty actively carry out activities to learn from advanced figures such as Lei Feng, and the atmosphere of learning and catching up with the advanced is very strong. 1in March, 963, the teachers and students of the whole hospital listened to the report of "learning from Comrade Lei Feng" and the comrades' introduction of Lei Feng's deeds before his death. Learn the diary of Comrade Lei Feng; In April, I listened to Comrade Qian's report on being a "five good soldiers" and so on. Various departments and classes have published wall newspapers, put forward suggestions, made plans, kept diaries, publicized Lei Feng's deeds, learned from Lei Feng's spirit of loving the party, socialism, helping others and sacrificing for the public, and generally worked hard to serve the country, consciously sacrificed personal interests to the interests of the collective and the state, United and helped each other, and served the people wholeheartedly.
During this period, the school's amateur education and correspondence education have developed greatly. 1958 set up an amateur university, offering five-year undergraduate courses and three-year specialties in Chinese, politics, physics, mathematics and foreign languages (English, Russian, German, Japanese and French). 1959 in may, the provincial conference on correspondence education decided to take Shandong normal university as the main task, undertake undergraduate correspondence education in the whole province, and assist normal universities to do a good job in specialist correspondence education. This summer, 880 correspondence students were enrolled, including two-year and three-year undergraduate students who graduated from junior college and five-year undergraduate students who graduated from high school. Eight majors, such as Chinese, Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Geography, Politics and Education, have been set up one after another, and six correspondence stations have been set up in the province, with correspondence students 1893. 1960, enrolling more than 500 correspondence students. After 1963, English and Russian were added. It has contributed to improving the level of middle school teachers in our province.
During this period, the development of scientific research combining teachers and students has also achieved some achievements, such as: from 1958 to 1959. In natural science, there are electronic analog computers installed by the Department of Mathematics, transistors, photoresists, thermistors and ultrasonic dust collectors trial-produced by the Department of Physics, various reagents developed by the Department of Chemistry, insulating paints developed by the Institute of Chemistry, growth stimulators developed by the Department of Biology and human parasites investigation. In terms of social sciences, there is the History of Literary and Artistic Thoughts since the May 4th Movement compiled by the Chinese Department and the History of the Anti-imperialist Struggle of Shandong People in Recent Hundred Years compiled by the History Department. 1960 "semiconductor nonlinear resistor" was successfully trial-produced by the department of physics, the department of geography compiled the overall planning of Pingdu county, the department of politics and the Marxist-Leninist Office compiled the textbooks of political economy, philosophy (volume I) and China history, and the department of history compiled the general history of Shandong and Chairman Mao's historical theory. However, due to the eagerness for success and the lack of in-depth research, most of the results are relatively rough and cannot be published or popularized.
Since 1958, the school has successively formulated the Interim Measures for Teachers' Teaching, the Interim Measures for Scientific Research, the Trial Measures for Training Teaching Assistants, the Regulations for Organizing Students' Scientific Research Activities, the Regulations for Students' Work-study Program, the Work-study Program of Shandong Normal University, and Several Provisions for Leading Cadres to Change Work Style and Improve Working Methods. Cadres and teachers often lead students to the countryside and factories. The majority of students strictly abide by the rules and regulations of the school and have strong organizational discipline.
During this period, the professional concept of "loyalty to the party's education" was deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. Graduates generally obey the state distribution unconditionally, and most of them go to county middle schools to teach, and county middle schools keep them and use them in hard areas. Many graduates have been wandering around for decades, becoming special-grade teachers, model workers and educational leaders at all levels. According to incomplete statistics, before the Cultural Revolution, there were more than 3,000 graduates enrolled/kloc-0, and now there are hundreds of special-grade teachers, more than 2,000 senior teachers10,000, more than 2,000 university professors, experts and scholars, and hundreds of excellent teachers, top-notch talents and model workers all over the country.
Source: History of Shandong Normal University (Qingdao Ocean University Press, 1995).
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