Developing green food soybean products to promote the revitalization of soybean industry in Heilongjiang Province Abstract: With the unique advantages of environmental resources and high-level mechanized cultivation techniques, the production of green food soybean in Heilongjiang Province has achieved rapid development. However, due to the influence of the international market, it also faces some constraints, such as low planting income, weak infrastructure and weak deep processing capacity. Keywords: green food; Soybean industry; Heilongjiang Province I. Development Status of Green Food Soybean in Heilongjiang Province Soybean is the main crop in Heilongjiang Province. Heilongjiang province has been cultivated for many years, and the planting area and total output account for about 1/3 of the whole country. In 2000, the provincial party committee and government put forward the development strategy of "playing the green card and taking the characteristic road", and made it clear that developing high-quality and efficient modern agriculture is the development direction of Heilongjiang agriculture. Under the guidance of this strategy, the green food industry in Heilongjiang Province has achieved rapid development, and the green food soybean industry has also developed rapidly. Since 2000, the planting area of green soybean in Heilongjiang Province has increased year by year. By 2008, the planting area of green food soybean in Heilongjiang Province reached 1, 6 1.73 million mu, with an average annual growth rate of more than 20%, and now it accounts for more than 1/4 of the soybean planting area in Heilongjiang Province. 44 national green food raw material soybean standardized production bases have been built, with an area of 1.543 million mu. There are 138 companies and 65 enterprises that have obtained the certification of green food and bean products. Second, the industrial advantage of green food soybean in Heilongjiang Province is 1. The environmental conditions in Heilongjiang Province are very good. Heilongjiang is developed late, with less environmental pollution, and the incidence of pests and diseases is lower than that in the south. There are abundant forest, grassland and wetland resources. There are 300 million mu of forests in the province, with a forest coverage rate of 43.6%. The natural grassland covers an area of about 65 million mu; The wetland area is 6565438+ 10,000 mu. The ecology is good, and it has unique conditions for developing green soybeans. Heilongjiang has fertile soil and is one of the only three black lands in the world. The whole province belongs to the continental monsoon climate of middle-cold temperate zone, with annual precipitation of 370 mm ~ 670 mm, light, heat and rain in the same season, which is suitable for soybean growth, and the temperature difference between day and night is large, which is conducive to dry matter accumulation, and the quality of agricultural products is excellent. 2. The level of soybean cultivation technology is high. Heilongjiang Province is one of the main soybean producing areas in China, with soybean area accounting for nearly 1/3 of the national planting area and cultivated land accounting for 1/5 of the whole province. Large-scale land planting, standardized mechanical operation and scientific farming system have always been at the forefront of modern agricultural construction in China. At present, the cooperation between farms and local counties in all aspects and at all levels in the province has achieved remarkable results, which has promoted the improvement of local soybean planting level. 3. Green soybean has a high level of scientific research. There are many scientific research institutions engaged in soybean production technology research in Heilongjiang province, and there are also many research institutions engaged in soybean technology in various cities. In recent years, more than ten varieties have been bred every year, and more than 70% of soybean varieties are high-fat, high-protein and dual-purpose varieties. Black soybean oil and Ken soybean oil are at the national leading level, and the protein content of Dongnong 42 is at the international leading level. The provincial government invests special funds for green soybean industry development and research every year, and entrusts Northeast Agricultural University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Plant Protection Station and other units to carry out special research on efficient production technology of green soybeans, so as to provide scientific and technological guarantee for green soybean production and processing. Thirdly, the limiting factor for the development of green soybean industry in Heilongjiang Province is 1. After joining wto, it has been greatly influenced by the international market. Since 200 1 joined the WTO, China's tariffs have been greatly reduced, and the import tariffs on soybeans and soybean meal have dropped below 3% and 5%. There is no quota system for soybean import and no subsidy for soybean export, which paves the way for foreign soybean import in policy. In recent years, China's soybean imports are gradually increasing. China imported about 26 million tons of soybeans in 2005, 28 million tons in 2006 and 308,265,438+million tons in 2007, increasing by 2 million tons almost every year. In 2008, China's soybean imports reached 37.436 million tons, a substantial increase of 6,665,438+compared with 2007. Compared with imported soybeans, there is a big gap in both commodity quality and price. At the end of 2008, the purchase price of Heilongjiang national treasury soybean was about 3 700 yuan/ton, while the import price of Hongkong soybean was only 3 100 yuan/ton, which was lower than that of domestic soybean by 600 yuan. 2. Compared with soybean, these three main crops are at a disadvantage. Since 2005, the soybean planting area in Heilongjiang Province has been decreasing year by year. In 2007, the planting area was 5710.3 million mu, a decrease of 6 million mu compared with 2005, which was not included in the cultivated land area after reclamation (most raw wasteland is suitable for planting soybeans). On the contrary, the planting area of rice and corn increased year by year, especially the corn area increased by 6.5438+0.8 million mu in 2007 compared with 2005, which also objectively promoted the reduction of soybean area. The main reason is that compared with rice and corn, the benefit of planting soybeans is low and farmers' enthusiasm for planting is not high. In 2008, the yield of soybean per hectare was less than 1000 yuan, while the yield of rice and corn per hectare was more than 3,000 yuan. 3. The infrastructure in major soybean producing areas is relatively weak. The main soybean producing areas in Heilongjiang Province have not got rid of the situation of "relying on the weather to eat". Soybean is a crop suitable for mechanized operation, and the level of mechanized planting in Heilongjiang Province is also high, but the farmland infrastructure is relatively weak. In recent years, natural disasters such as spring drought and summer drought have caused great losses to soybean production in Heilongjiang Province. Although our governments at all levels organize manpower, material resources and financial resources to fight drought every year, the results are not great, mainly because of the large soybean planting area and large funds. There is no green agricultural production mode of "irrigation in drought and drainage in flood". 4. The deep processing ability of soybean is not strong. Soybean processing enterprises in Heilongjiang Province are mostly traditional oil-making enterprises, with a large number, small scale, more rough processing and less deep processing. Traditional processing is more, and emerging processing is less; Some enterprises don't even have small packages, so they directly process crude oil for enterprises outside the province, and the profit margin is small. The industrial layout and product structure are not reasonable, and the product structure cannot adapt to the changes in market demand. On the scale structure, the degree of standardization and scale is low, and the level of comprehensive utilization is low. Although some enterprises have also applied for green food labels, they are all primary processed products such as soybeans, soybean oil and soybean meal. Some processing enterprises, such as deep processing of bean products and protein isolate, have just appeared in the past two years, but they are small in scale, have not yet formed brands and have little market influence. We must adopt high technology and develop towards industrialization and deep processing. Compared with coastal enterprises, soybean processing enterprises in Heilongjiang Province are basically local soybeans, which leads to higher acquisition costs, and most soybean oil is sold outside the province, with a longer sales radius and increased transportation costs, which makes soybean oil processing enterprises in Heilongjiang Province at a disadvantage in the market competition. Suggestions on developing green soybean industry in heilongjiang province. With the help of policy advantages, expand the planting area of green soybeans. Since 2004, Heilongjiang Province has carried out the establishment of a national standardized production base for green food raw materials soybeans. The provincial finance has arranged special funds for the environmental monitoring and management expenses of the green soybean base, and all major soybean producing counties should make use of this project and actively strive to establish a standardized production base for green food soybeans. The establishment of the base is connected with enterprises and led by farmers. It is a green rich peasant project to increase profits of enterprises, increase farmers' income and increase agricultural efficiency, and it is also a concrete embodiment of the development strategy of "playing green cards and taking a characteristic road" put forward by the provincial party Committee and government. Actively implement the provincial government's "100 billion Jin grain production capacity project". By 20 12, 57 million mu of high-quality soybean base will be built in the whole province, and the total soybean output will be1700 million Jin. Soybean planted according to the technical regulations of green food soybean production is high-quality soybean, and green food soybean base is an important way to build high-quality soybean base. All major soybean producing counties should take practical measures to promote the development of green food soybean base with the help of policy advantages and planning. 2. Implement the strategic transformation from a big planting province to a big processing province. Heilongjiang province is a big soybean planting province, with the largest green soybean planting area in China, but the processing is relatively weak. Heilongjiang province should actively formulate measures to implement the transformation from a large planting province to a large processing province. In recent years, in addition to the old-fashioned large-scale oil processing enterprises of Jiusan Oil and Yanglin Oil, there are also deep processing enterprises such as Harbin Hi-Tech Isoflavone, Riyuexing Protein Powder and Shengruisu Meat. The government should attach great importance to these enterprises and actively support them to become bigger and stronger, so as to achieve the pulling effect on the whole green soybean industry. Both soybean production and bean products processing should implement standardized production, gradually establish scientific and complete soybean quality and safety standards, inspection and quality certification, pay close attention to the management of production environment, agricultural inputs, production process, packaging labeling and market access, and change the state of irregular production, listing and circulation. It is necessary to combine the Action Plan for Revitalizing Soybean Industry with the development strategy of "building a green brand and taking a characteristic road", popularize soybean green cultivation techniques, put an end to the unreasonable use of pesticides and fertilizers, establish a green organic soybean production base, and develop pollution-free, safe, high-quality and nutritious green soybean raw materials and products to meet the safe and nutritious food consumption demand. 3. Strengthen management to ensure the quality and safety of soybean food. After the "melamine" incident, the state paid unprecedented attention to food safety, and the Food Quality and Safety Law was also implemented in June this year. Therefore, enterprises should strengthen enterprise management, ensure quality and safety, establish food quality and safety files, and keep information related to food quality and safety such as purchase and sale records, production records and inspection records. Conditional enterprises can try out the product quality traceability system and recall system. Enterprise food quality and safety files shall be kept for three years to ensure that any link is well documented. The standard system, inspection system, food safety system and quality cognition system of soybean processing in Heilongjiang Province are also relatively backward. Most enterprises have not passed the international quality management standards (iso9000) and international environmental management standards (iso 14000), good manufacturing practices (gmp) and hazard analysis critical control points (haccp) and other related certifications, and the quality and safety management is not in place. In order to build Heilongjiang into a province with deep processing of agricultural products, a strong food province needs to further integrate with international standards, strengthen the management level of enterprises, and move towards the direction of excellent quality, first-class management and green brand name. 4. Strengthen the protection of non-GMO soybean production and build a well-known brand of green food soybean products. Worldwide, many countries are planting genetically modified soybeans, which are far more competitive than China soybeans because of their high oil yield, high yield and low planting cost. However, China soybean has the brand characteristics of high protein, non-transgenic, green food soybean products, and it has the advantages of high quality, high quality and food safety when it is used to process into edible soybean series foods. Therefore, Heilongjiang Province should take non-GMO, green food and high-quality safety as the breakthrough point, actively cultivate the brand of green food soybean products in Heilongjiang Province, strictly implement the labeling system of non-GMO soybeans, increase publicity, raise awareness and strive for strong market competitiveness. Old brands such as Jiusan soybean oil and Yanglin soybean oil continue to consolidate their market share and develop in the direction of new edible oil product development, product packaging improvement and organic product certification; New deep processing enterprises should clearly understand the situation, seize the opportunity, determine their own market positioning and strive to establish the brand position of the market. For example, Daqing Riyuexing Protein Co., Ltd. is a good example. They took the lead in developing high-purity protein powder in China and mixed it with nutritional protein powder, drinks, biscuits and so on. Suitable for different people, and certified more than a dozen green food labels. With the slogan of non-GMO, green nutrition, high quality and safety, the company has successfully occupied most of the domestic markets and is the largest protein powder processing enterprise in China. Now, the trademark "Sun Moon Star" has become a well-known trademark in China and the most valuable brand in Asia. Enterprises in Heilongjiang Province should jump out of the vicious competition cycle of genetically modified soybeans and their products, be unique, make good use of the Heilongjiang brand of non-genetically modified and green food, increase the added value of soybean products, make the brand famous, occupy the domestic market and enter the international market. References: [1] Sun Xiangdong, Ren Hongbo. Prospects and countermeasures of soybean industry in Heilongjiang Province after China's entry into wto [j]. Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2000, (6):39-4 1. 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