Academy is a unique educational organization in China feudal society, which occupies an important and unique position in the history of ancient education in China and has a decisive influence. Songyang Academy, one of the four major academies in ancient China, is a leader among the academies and has played an important educational role in spreading China traditional culture and cultivating talents.
Historically, Songyang Academy is famous for its Neo-Confucianism, rich cultural heritage and strange cultural relics. Songshan area has been an important area of Confucian school activities since ancient times. There are Songyang Academy, Yinggu Academy, Shao Shi Academy, Cheng Nan Academy and Cungu Academy, among which Songyang Academy is the most prominent. "Academy song is the most clear, stone floor remember the name of the Forbidden City. The sound of the mountain stream stays in the rain, and the fragrance of chrysanthemum and bamboo likes sunny days. When I first arrived here, I couldn't say goodbye, and the Chinese sentences in my voice occasionally became. "
On August/October, 2065438, the historical buildings located in the hinterland of Songshan Mountain and its surrounding areas (Shaolin Temple (often hospitalized, Chu Zuan, Tallinn), Three Ques in the Eastern Han Dynasty (Taishi Pavilion, Shao Shi Quemen, Qimu Pagoda), Zhongyue Temple, Song Yue Temple Pagoda, Huishan Temple, Songyang Academy, and Stargazing Platform) were listed as world cultural heritage.
Location of Songyang Academy: south foot of Songshan Mountain, Dengfeng City, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province Climate type: temperate monsoon climate area of 9984 square meters Opening hours: 8:00- 18:30 in spring and summer, 8:00- 18:00 in autumn and winter. Scenic Spot Level: National AAAAA Tourist Attractions Ticket Price: 30 yuan Famous Scenic Spot: China. Xingtan? Datang monument? General Bai? Sanbaotang? Temple first? Imperial tablet pavilion? Chi Pan Bridge? Taoist temple? Guanshantang? Chongru Ancestral Hall protection level: world cultural heritage protection level: suggested playing time of national key cultural relics protection units: 2 hours; Suitable for play season: four seasons are suitable for pre-trip reading, dynamic scenic spots, introduction of scenic spots, key information, beautiful pictures of scenic spots, historical evolution, main scenic spots, Datang monument, three generals, stone carvings, academy buildings, two-way hand-planted Sophora japonica, Luntong monument of Zhongyue Songyuan Temple in Xingtan, and map of Dengfeng County. Tourism information, traffic guide, geographical location, historical evolution Songyang Academy used to be a place of Buddhism and Taoism in history, but the longest and most famous one is as a sacred place of Confucianism. Songyang Academy was founded in the eighth year of Taihe in the Northern Wei Dynasty (AD 484). It is called Songyang Temple, which is a place for Buddhist activities and caters to hundreds of monks. During the Great Cause of Sui Dynasty (605-6 18), Songyang Academy was renamed Songyangguan, which was a place for Taoist activities. In the first year of Tang Hongdao (A.D. 683), when Emperor Li Zhi visited Songshan Mountain, he named it "Fengtian Palace". After the Five Dynasties (AD 95 1-960), it was changed to Taiyi Academy. Song Jingyao was named Songyang Academy in the second year (AD 1035), and it has been an educational place for celebrities to teach classics ever since. In the early Song Dynasty, the country was peaceful and the style of writing was everywhere. After the Five Dynasties rebellion, Confucian scholars all like to find a secluded place in the mountains to get together and give lectures. Dengfeng is the place where Yao, Shun, Yu and Duke Zhou once lived. According to records, 24 people, including Fan Zhongyan, Sima Guang, Cheng Hao, Cheng Yi, Zhu, Li Gang and Fan Chunren, gave lectures in Songyang Academy successively, and volumes 9 to 2 1 of Zi Jian, Sima Guang's masterpiece, were completed in Songyang Academy and Chongfu Palace. Cheng Yi and Cheng Hao, commonly known as "Cheng Cheng", have been giving lectures at Songyang College for 10 years. JD.COM, a famous Confucian scholar, studied in Songyang Academy, and served as an imperial envoy for nine times. Since then, Songyang Academy has become one of the most influential academies in the Northern Song Dynasty. Songyang Academy is one of the birthplaces of Neo-Confucianism in the Song Dynasty. Cheng Hao, Cheng Yi, Sima Guang and Fan Zhongyan, founders of Neo-Confucianism in Song Dynasty, all gave lectures in Songyang Academy, and part of Sima Guang's masterpiece Zi Tong Zhi Jian was written in Songyang Academy. At the end of Ming Dynasty, the academy was destroyed by fire, and was rebuilt and built in Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. In its heyday, it had a study field of more than 1750 mu, hundreds of students, and more than 2,000 books, such as Complete Works of Zhu Xi, Essentials of Sex, Four Books and Nine Classics of the Day, etc. In the late Qing Dynasty, the imperial examination system was abolished and schools were established. After more than 1000 years of academy education, he completed the imperial examination procedure. However, as a bright pearl in the history of ancient education in China, the Academy will go down in history forever. In the year of Kangxi in Xin Mao, the whole province voted in Kaifeng, and the number of places admitted was less than one county, but Dengfeng won five. In the 15th year of Qianlong (A.D. 1750), Li Hong, Emperor Gaozong of the Qing Dynasty, wrote a poem in praise when he visited Songyang Academy on October 1st. Like Songyang Academy, Sima Guang has been rebuilt and repaired many times. The layout of the buildings in the courtyard has always maintained the style before the Qing Dynasty. There are more than 500 halls and galleries, consisting of five courtyards. There are Pantheon, Preacher Hall, Sanxian Hall, Lizetang, Library, Taoist Temple, Boyuzhai, Jingwenzhai, Sanyizhai and other buildings in the courtyard. First, the ancestral temple is dedicated to the sages related to the academy, then the lecture hall, then the Taoist temple, and finally the library. The houses on both sides were originally "Zhu Cheng Temple", a bookstore and a study. The wall of the gallery in the hospital is inlaid with inscriptions by scholars of past dynasties, and its content and calligraphy have their own characteristics. There are some Qing dynasty buildings in the teaching examination room of Songyang Academy. 1936 In September, accompanied by Shang Zhen, Zhang Jingyu, Qian Dajun and others, Chiang Kai-shek visited Songshan Mountain in Luoyang before his 50th birthday. When I visited Songyang Academy, I saw that it was surrounded by mountains and the environment was quiet, but the nearby Shan Ye was short of water. I immediately ordered Zhang Jingyu, director of the Henan Provincial Construction Department, to adjust the well team and dig a hundred-meter deep well in Songyang Academy, named Jiang Gongjing. This is the first deep well in Songshan, and it has been well preserved so far. 196 1 was listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit by the State Council. On June 5th, 2006, 65438+February 5th, 2006, Songshan Ancient Architecture Complex, including Songyang Academy, as the only independent project in Henan Province, was included in the preparatory list of China World Cultural Heritage by National Cultural Heritage Administration. In 2009, the ancient Songyang Academy was renovated, and the Songyang Academy of Zhengzhou University was established, making new contributions to the inheritance of Chinese excellent culture. On August/October, 2065438, the historical buildings located in the hinterland of Songshan Mountain and its surrounding areas (Shaolin Temple (often hospitalized, Chu Zuan, Tallinn), Three Ques in the Eastern Han Dynasty (Taishi Pavilion, Shao Shi Quemen, Qimu Pagoda), Zhongyue Temple, Song Yue Temple Pagoda, Huishan Temple, Songyang Academy, and Stargazing Platform) were listed as world cultural heritage. The main scenic spot, Datang Monument, is called "Great Sage Monument in Song Dynasty". Carved in the third year of Tang Tianbao (AD 744). The monument is 9.02m high, 2.04m wide and1.05m thick. This monument is magnificent and beautifully carved. The whole inscription 1078 words. The content mainly describes that Sun Taichong, a Taoist in the Song Dynasty, was Xuanzong in the Tang Dynasty. Li wrote and Pei Jiong sealed the eight-part essay. It is a representative work of official script in Tang Dynasty, with correct posture, moderate rigidity and elegant hairstyle. Monuments in the Tang Dynasty weighed more than 80 tons, and the monument cap alone weighed 10 tons. In the folk, the legendary story of "Zhili Tang Monument" attracted thousands of people and became one of the important contents of appreciating Tang Monument. There are three ancient cypresses in Songyang Academy, the three great generals in the Tang Dynasty. In the sixth year of the Western Han Dynasty (BC 1 10), it was sealed in the Yuan Dynasty. When Liu Che, the Emperor of the Han Dynasty, toured Song Yue, he saw cypress trees towering and lush, so he was named "General", "Second General" and "Third General". The second general, General Bai, is12m high and 5.4m thick. The tree leans, its crown is thick and generous, just like a big umbrella covering the clear sky. The second General Paco is18.2m high and12.54m thick. Although its bark is mottled and aging, it is full of vitality and its branches are tall and straight. There is a north-south hole in the lower part of the trunk, like a doorway, which can accommodate five or six people. Two huge branches are bent like wings, stretching from side to side, shaped like an eagle spreading its wings and a golden rooster wanting to fly. Whenever the mountain wind blows, the branches and leaves shake like a ring, and the sound of silk and bamboo still exists. Three generals were destroyed at the end of the Ming Dynasty. The age of General Cedar has always been a mysterious topic. The tree has a history of more than two thousand years since it was sealed. Mr. Zhao Puchu left a hymn of "Songyang has cypress, and it is three thousand years old". Appraised by forestry experts, the general cypress is a primitive cypress with a tree age of 4500 years. This is the oldest and largest cypress stone carving in China. Carved in the fourth year of Wanli (AD 1593), it is engraved with the distribution of scenic spots and historical sites in Songshan area and the names of mountains, rivers, roads and villages. It's a map of Dengfeng cultural relics. Dengfeng cultural relics are recorded in local chronicles, but only one map of Dengfeng stone carving is directly described in the form of a map. This stone map has a clear outline and accurate location. When you look at this map, the distribution of Dengfeng county and cultural relics is clear. The Ming Dynasty stone carving "Dengfeng County Records" is a rare artistic treasure, and it is also a rare and precious material for studying Dengfeng's geography, cultural relics and history. The interior building of the Academy, Songyang Academy, basically maintained the architectural layout of the Qing Dynasty, with a length of 128 meters from north to south and a width of 78 meters from east to west, covering an area of 9,984 square meters. The central axis building is divided into five courtyards, from south to north, which are the main entrance, the first hall, the lecture hall, the Taoist temple and the library building in turn. The houses on both sides of the central axis are connected. * * Ancient buildings 108, mostly hard-mountain rolling children's hemp-tube tile houses, are simple and elegant, which are quite different from many temple buildings with red walls and green tiles and carved beams and painted buildings in the Central Plains. Lintel antithetical couplet: It is a metropolis, including Luojian River, with nearly four sides and only the central part, which is unified by Taihua and Hengheng, and four closed rivers and nine dynasties arches. Three artificially planted Sophora japonica trees are19.5m high and 4m in circumference. Although the trunk is uneven, hollow and solid, the crown of Sophora japonica is densely shaded and new branches are clustered. The tree is graceful, ancient and enduring, and its historical source is far away. Cheng Hao (1068— 1085), a famous philosopher in Xining, Song Shenzong, and Cheng Yi planted many locust and cypress trees in the courtyard when giving lectures at Songyang Academy. The Luntong Monument of Song Yuan Temple in Zhongyue was erected in 535. The Buddha statue in Cave 94 is carved on one side and a large niche on the upper side. There are statues of one Buddha, three disciples, two bodhisattvas, flying boy and the side pattern of the monument. It is a fine stone carving art in the Central Plains. Geng Jie, a famous scholar of Xingtan in Qing Dynasty, presided over the promotion of Songyang Academy and followed Confucius' old theory of Xingtan to give lectures. During the lecture, an ancient apricot tree was planted in the altar, which was handed down by Geng Jie. Now it is a stone protection altar, and the platform railing has been restored to its original appearance. Map of Dengfeng County Songyang Academy has 70 inscriptions from Tang Dynasty to Qing Dynasty. Presided over by Wanli (1593), Dengfeng county magistrate Chen carved it. Monument height 1.05m, width 0.86m, thickness 0.2m, flat head. The map shows the distribution of 80 cultural relics and scenic spots in Songshan area of Ming Dynasty in detail and vividly, and depicts the names of mountains, rivers, roads, villages and towns, and four boundaries in Dengfeng County. Although it has a history of more than 400 years, it has clear handwriting and distinct lines. Some people describe it as "this picture can include Dengfeng and Yuezhong at a glance". The stele of Dengfeng County Records Map was carved by landscape painting and shallow carving with flat lines. According to the scientific determination of the surveying and mapping department, the ratio is 1:40000. It is not only the distribution map of Dengfeng cultural relics in Ming Dynasty, but also the geographical location map. Opening hours of tourist information: 8:00- 18:30 in spring and summer-8:00- 18:00 in autumn and winter. Tickets for 80 yuan/person, student tickets for 40 yuan/person. There are hundreds of hotels, restaurants and guest houses in Dengfeng city and scenic spots, which are convenient and comfortable. Shaolin International Hotel, Luming Literature Villa, Tianzhong Hotel, etc. Traffic Guide Take Bus No.2 and Bus No.6 in Dengfeng City and get off at the terminal, which takes about 10 minutes. Location Songyang Academy, one of the world cultural heritage sites of world historical buildings, is located at the foot of Ji Junfeng, 3 kilometers north of Dengfeng City, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, and is named after it is located in the sun of Songshan Mountain. Song Yang Academy of Classical Learning