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Investigation report on rural economic development 1
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Xx village is located in the northwest of xx county, with a population of about 650 people and a total cultivated land of about 633 mu. The main sources of income are cultivated land and migrant workers. Among them, the main source of income for middle-aged and elderly people is cultivated land, while young people have jobs, and in their prime, they earn from cultivated land and part-time jobs. Migrant workers are mainly engaged in manual labor, service work and construction work. Young people generally do jobs in factories that they can't go home casually except holidays, but mainly do odd jobs in their prime to ensure that they can go home to help during the busy farming season. Most of the cultivated land is hilly and mountainous, and the plots are scattered, so it is difficult to realize large-scale mechanized operation, and it can only be carried out by human labor and simple instruments. There are many kinds of crops, but they are scattered. At present, the main cash crops are grapes, apples and peppers. Grain crops are mainly corn and wheat.
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I. Crop planting situation
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The total cultivated land area of the village is about 633 mu, of which the cash crops are mainly grapes and apples. Grape planting area is about 160 mu, and apple (including unsuccessful) is about 100 mu. 100 mu of corn and wheat (corn and wheat rotate in the same field). In addition, there are cotton, sweet potatoes, peppers, Chinese toon, tobacco and other crops.
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Grape is a cash crop that has only emerged in recent years. In high-yield years, the total income per mu can reach about 1 10,000 yuan, but there are many problems in its cultivation, such as:
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1, long growth period, high growth conditions, many pests and diseases, and difficult management;
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2. The hilly area of Shandong Peninsula is rugged, and the scattered cultivated land is difficult to be mechanized on a large scale;
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3. Vulnerable to natural influences, such as this year's typhoon? David? Bring great influence to the industry;
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4. The cost is high and more labor is needed;
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5. It is difficult to store and transport, which makes it greatly influenced by the market and difficult to maintain a stable source of income. These problems make it difficult for grapes to bring huge economic benefits to farmers.
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Apple is an old economic product in the village, which can be planted in hilly areas and is easier to manage than grapes, so it may become the most important economic product in the village in the future. However, there is a lack of unified management methods for grapes and apples, and the quality of products is uneven; No marketing team, no fixed market, let farmers hold? Just sell it, don't rot in the ground? Ideas, and income is unstable.
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Second, the population and family situation
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The population of the village is about 650, of which migrant workers account for about half, and about 20 households are outside. Migrant workers are mainly young and middle-aged, mostly young people, especially those who have just married without children or whose children are still young? After 80? The post-80s generation here only refers to people born after 80 years, most of whom are not only children, so they are not really post-80s generation. These small families are very rich, and most of them have no debt burden. Most of the houses and wedding supplies were bought by parents. The main economic expenses after marriage are daily living expenses and child support. In the underdeveloped rural areas of China, due to the self-sufficiency of some daily necessities and food, and the government's support for rural children to study, these will not bring them economic pressure. They or their families go out to work, or only male laborers go out, and their income can basically meet the demand.
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Relatively speaking, middle-aged and elderly families are not so relaxed. Most of them have elderly parents and children around 20 years old. Supporting the elderly and educating their children all need financial support. Among them, if the children reach the age of marriage and childbearing, the economic pressure is great. They have to prepare houses, furniture and gifts for their children to get married, which add up to hundreds of thousands. When they get married and have children, those who have children going out to work will have to help them manage their farmland and look after their children. For some relatively wealthy families, it can be supported, but for most families, it means foreign debt, loans and a poor life. These give these middle-aged people in their fifties triple pressure physically, mentally and economically.
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Three. Education and health care
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95% families in the study village joined the new cooperative medical insurance, which reduced the proportion of villagers' medical expenses. However, due to the limitation of the use of regional hospitals, the use of projects and the amount of joint venture medical care, the role of this project is limited. For example:
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1, strictly limit the reimbursement ratio of hospitals at corresponding levels.
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The higher the level of hospitals, the less reimbursement. Under normal circumstances, people go to large hospitals because of serious illness, spend more money, and the proportion of reimbursement is insufficient, which has limited effect on reducing the burden on farmers;
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2. Restrict the use of the project
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The examination expenses cannot be reimbursed, accounting for 50% or more of the medical expenses, but this part cannot be reimbursed, which also makes the joint venture medical care unable to better reduce the burden on farmers.
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Education is in good condition. With the support of the national rural education policy, the exemption of tuition and miscellaneous fees in primary and secondary schools has indeed reduced the economic burden of some rural families. But for a few families with college students, this policy has little effect. The annual tuition and accommodation of college students is about 10000, which is a huge expense for some rural families with low incomes, but it is not within the scope of compulsory education in rural areas supported by the state, and there are few support projects in this regard.
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Fourth, the spiritual and cultural situation.
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In this respect, the cultural resources in underdeveloped rural areas represented by investigation villages are relatively poor. Without a library, less than 65,438+0% families in the village have computers. The main cultural resource of the villagers is television, which is limited, can not guarantee the quality, and is easily influenced by vulgarity and exaggeration of some TV programs. There are few cultural activities, and the annual collective cultural activities are only the annual family planning publicity performance. The cultural industry failed to play a role in promoting economic development.
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Verb (abbreviation of verb) abstract
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The economic situation of the surveyed villages has developed compared with before, but there is still a long way to go. People's living standards need to be improved, and most families have not yet reached a well-off level.
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Investigation report on rural economic development II
I. Basic situation and development status quo
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There are 16 villagers' groups in Jiaoma Township, Changshun County, with 502 households and a total population of 2053, and the cultivated land area is 54 10 mu. The main industries are animal husbandry based on pigs, chickens and sheep, and planting based on flue-cured tobacco and ginger. The collective economy of this village is weak.
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In the crazy years, with the introduction and implementation of various policies of supporting agriculture and benefiting farmers by the party committees and governments at the central, provincial, prefectural, county and township levels, our village has made great improvements in economic restructuring, infrastructure construction, and farmers' income increase, and has also achieved certain results in the construction of material civilization, spiritual civilization and political civilization, which has promoted the development of economy and various social undertakings.
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(1) Agricultural production.
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The whole village is dominated by animal husbandry and planting, and the industrial development lags behind. In 20** years, the total collective economic income of our village was 320,000 yuan. At the end of the year, the per capita net income of farmers was about 1.050 yuan, of which the agricultural income was 250,000 yuan, which was at a medium level among the four villages in the township. It was a typical agricultural village in mountainous areas.
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1. Employee distribution. At present, there are 2053 people in the village, including men 12 1 1 and women 842. The number of people under 18 is 264, the number of people between 18-60 is 1567, and the number of people over 60 is 267. According to the statistical data of 20** years, among the labor force population of 1567 in the village, 1 193 people are engaged in the primary industry, accounting for 76% of the total labor force population; There are 374 people engaged in secondary and tertiary industries, accounting for 32% of the total labor force, including 23 people engaged in transportation, 35 people engaged in wholesale and retail, and 3 16 people engaged in other industries.
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2. Industrial structure. What is the main basis of agricultural industrial structure? Corn, rape? Mainly planting. Take the year of 20** as an example, the total sown area of crops in the whole year was 32 10 mu (including multiple cropping index), of which the sown area of grain was 2,530 mu, with a total output of 632,500 kg. Among the food crops, corn and rape are the main cash crops, soybean and ginger are the main cash crops, forestry and fruit industry are the auxiliary crops, and pig farms and scattered pigs, cattle, sheep and chickens are the main animal husbandry.
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3. Agricultural infrastructure construction. By the beginning of February this year, the rural highway 1 section, about 7.8 kilometers, was hardening. There are 25 tracks, about 10 km, all of which are dirt roads; In the construction of water conservancy facilities, there are 8 dams, 20 small pools 120 and 80 biogas digesters.
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(2) Implementation of rural policies.
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The policy of supporting agriculture and benefiting farmers was further implemented, and the construction of social public infrastructure in the village was further developed. The village has basically realized the integration of roads, electricity and telecommunications. There are 1 science and technology cultural activity rooms in wildebeest. The whole village enjoys the rural minimum living allowance of 252 households 1003, and the needy households are basically helped. The number of participants in the new rural cooperative medical system was 1847, and the participation rate was 90%. The village's rural dilapidated houses 17 households, and the renovation work has been completed; Primary and secondary schools 1 school, the enrollment rate of school-age children 100%, and compulsory education in rural areas is basically universal. Three exemptions and one subsidy? The policy has been put in place; The comprehensive reform of rural taxes and fees and related policies and measures to benefit farmers have also been gradually implemented.
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(3) Construction of rural grass-roots organizations.
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Village? Two committees? Team *** 10, including 5 members of the village party branch and 5 members of the villagers' committee; There are 52 people in party member, including 45 men from party member and 7 women from party member. Generally, general party membership meeting is held 2-3 times a year; Open village affairs, financial affairs and government affairs, adhere to democratic decision-making, democratic management and democratic supervision, close the relationship between the party and the masses, and strive to mobilize the enthusiasm of villagers to participate in and discuss state affairs.
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Second, the main difficulties and problems
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1, rural infrastructure construction is backward and capital investment is insufficient. Mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, the rural road from the village committee to Guyang Yongyan has not been repaired for many years, and the road surface is hardened. Most of the field roads are too narrow and steep, which makes it difficult to walk in rainy days, affecting the production and life of villagers and the transportation of materials, increasing the production and living costs; Second, the water conservancy facilities are backward, and the number of pools and water cellars is small, which can not meet the agricultural production and domestic water consumption of villagers; Third, there is a lack of unified planning for infrastructure such as village appearance, chaotic construction, inadequate facilities for road hardening, greening, beautification and purification, and poor environmental sanitation conditions. There is no garbage disposal pool in the village 16 group; Fourth, rural science and technology, culture and medical and health conditions are poor, and equipment and facilities are backward. Insufficient investment in rural infrastructure construction has seriously restricted the process of building a new countryside in our village.
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2. The natural conditions of agricultural production in this village are poor, the production level is not high, and the quality of labor force is low. The fields in the village are scattered, mostly terraced fields and sloping fields, which are not conducive to mechanized farming. Are they basically still there? Niu Geng Mato? The state of small-scale peasant economy not only increases the labor cost, but also restricts the improvement of labor productivity, making it difficult for our village to increase agricultural efficiency and farmers' income. The quality of the labor force is low, and there are a considerable number of illiterate and semi-illiterate villagers, whose ideas are still relatively backward and universal? Small wealth is safe, small helmet is full? The current situation of low psychological quality and farmers' quality seriously restricts the process of rural economic and social development.
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3. Farmers' income is low, the level of industrialization is not high, and the channels for increasing income are narrow. At present, the whole village is still facing many difficulties and problems, such as lack of new industrial support, prominent contradiction between agricultural industrial structure and rural economic structure, low prices of agricultural products, few projects to increase farmers' income, and difficulties in increasing farmers' income. In 20** years, the per capita net income of farmers in our village was about 1050 yuan, which was at a medium level in Jiaoma Township and even in all village committees in the county. The starting point of agricultural industrialization construction is low, except flue-cured tobacco planting, the scale of vegetable planting industrialization is still small, and the market competitiveness is not strong. The cultivation of ginger and walnut has just started.
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4. The new rural construction lacks scientific planning and unified layout. My village is building a new countryside. What about the village? Two committees? The team's thinking is not clear enough, and there is no unified planning, arrangement and deployment. Some cadres still have some problems in the construction of new countryside, such as insufficient understanding, measures and methods; There are still some shortcomings in publicizing and mobilizing the masses; How to build a new countryside in our village is unclear and the road is not wide; There are inactive, inactive, and there are not many working methods at work. Do they still exist? Wait, shit, want it? Phenomenon; All these will seriously restrict and affect the process and quality of the new rural construction of the whole village Committee.
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5. New rural construction. Pay more attention to construction than management? The phenomenon is very prominent. In recent years, according to the implementation of various policies of supporting agriculture and benefiting farmers by party committees and governments at all levels and the requirements of new rural construction, some villagers' groups have carried out certain infrastructure construction, but? Pay more attention to construction than management? This has become a major drawback. The daily management and maintenance of new projects and original collective assets are not in place. For these assets, the village group has not formulated an effective management and maintenance system. The existence of collective assets not only can not maintain and increase its value over time, but also has serious impairment and loss hidden dangers. Some villagers have a weak awareness of the protection of existing facilities, especially in the management and maintenance of public infrastructure such as public housing, rural roads and pools.
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6. The construction of grass-roots organizations in village committees is still weak. First, the cadres of the whole village group have low scientific, technological and cultural qualities. Two committees? Among the members of the team, the education level of primary school and junior high school still accounts for 56%, and they are helpless about the new situation and new problems of agricultural development in the new period. The ability and stamina for developing rural economy are not strong, and it is not enough to lead the masses to get rich. Second, the construction of grass-roots organizations needs to be improved and strengthened. At present, the team leadership positions of Tangkan Group and Dida Group are still vacant. Third, the cohesion and combat effectiveness of village party organizations and village committees need to be further enhanced.
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Third, the next work plan and countermeasures
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(1) Strengthen the publicity of new rural construction and various agriculture-related policies. What are the contents involved in publicizing the Party's lines, principles and policies in rural areas? How are the laws and regulations on agriculture, rural areas and farmers publicized by the Party Committee and the government? Relevant resolutions, decisions and important measures of agriculture, rural areas and farmers guide the masses to change their concepts and enhance their awareness of development, democracy and the legal system. Make full use of slogans, blackboard newspapers, villagers' group meetings and other multi-channel publicity to create a good atmosphere for the construction of new countryside in our village and fully mobilize the enthusiasm and initiative of the masses to participate in the construction of new countryside. Guided by Scientific Outlook on Development, around the central government? 20-word policy? And then what? Pay more, take less, put it down? Principles of promoting the construction of new socialist countryside.
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(2) Highlight the subjective consciousness of new rural construction and strengthen team building. The construction of new countryside should be guided by the government, with farmers as the main body, and fully mobilize the enthusiasm of the masses. To promote the construction of new countryside, we need a good team to lead everyone forward; The general party branch of the village and the village committee should strengthen unity, close communication and strict organization to form a village with appeal, practical ability and dedication? Two committees? Team, clear the leading role of rural party organizations, and give full play to the role of grassroots party organizations and party member as fighting bastions and vanguard and exemplary roles. The main force of construction is farmers themselves, and it is the key to stimulate the enthusiasm of the broad masses to build their own beautiful homes. In order to mobilize the enthusiasm and creativity of the masses, all villagers are mobilized to actively participate in the public infrastructure construction of various villagers' groups through fund-raising and investment. The construction of new countryside should be carefully organized, deployed, guided by different categories, and promoted step by step to ensure that one new rural construction project is built and one is completed, but at the same time, we should also pay attention not to increase the collective burden of the masses and village groups too much, not to engage in debt construction, and do what we can to truly achieve results in the construction of new countryside.
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(3) Scientific planning, classified guidance and gradual implementation. Village level? Two committees? The team must seriously study, base itself on the actual situation of the village, highlight the local characteristics, put forward a new rural construction and development plan that conforms to the actual situation of the village, unify the layout, coordinate development, adhere to local conditions, give guidance by classification, and highlight the ecological environment. For the construction of new countryside, we should advance steadily and orderly according to the plan. The implementation of the whole village promotion project, rural road planning, primary school software and hardware construction, garbage disposal pool construction, villagers' science and technology culture room construction and other construction projects should be arranged step by step according to the deployment of the higher party Committee and government.
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(4) Do a good job in training and popularizing agricultural science and technology culture. On the one hand, we should continue to play the role of modern distance education for cadres in rural party member, increase the publicity and training of scientific and cultural knowledge, actively promote the use of various intensive, efficient and economical agricultural technologies, improve the use efficiency of agricultural resources and inputs, and reduce resource consumption. For example, actively promote practical agricultural technologies such as formula fertilization. On the other hand, actively promote the development of rural labor services, fully implement the training project for migrant workers, improve farmers' comprehensive quality and self-development ability, actively encourage rural surplus labor to go out to work, and increase farmers' income.
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(5) pay attention to the development and cultivation of characteristic industries, strive to adjust the agricultural structure, and vigorously develop agricultural industrialization. Next year, our village will accelerate the pace of industrialization and form a? Scientific planting in stable villages, scientific farming in prosperous villages and characteristic farming in affluent villages? On the basis of promoting hybrid corn, flue-cured tobacco and ginger planting this year, organic sorghum planting and 200 mu walnut planting will be vigorously promoted next year; In aquaculture, on the basis of stabilizing the number of commercial pigs and commercial sheep, we will increase the support for the breeding of green-shell laying hens, lay the foundation for the industrialization of our village, and thus promote the economic and social development of our village. At the same time, increasing farmers' income is the core content of new rural construction. To make a good plan, we must protect cultivated land. Should we insist? Adjust the structure around increasing income? According to market demand, we should correctly guide farmers to support and cultivate local industries with comparative advantages and develop existing advantageous industries. While doing a good job in industrial restructuring, we should pay attention to ensuring the stability of grain output and the safety of livestock and poultry breeding. Because food security is directly related to the stability and development of the whole countryside.
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(6) Promote the process of democracy and legal system and improve various systems. Adhere to and improve the democratic management system of village affairs, standardize and improve various village rules and regulations, enhance the awareness of village cadres and villagers to protect public infrastructure, ensure the safety and integrity of public infrastructure, enhance the people's ability to safeguard legitimate rights and interests according to law and the consciousness of fulfilling their obligations, and create a good legal environment for the construction of new countryside. Strengthen the maintenance of social stability, ensure the safety of people's lives and property in our village and provide a stable social environment for the construction of new countryside.
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In short, rural economic and social development is a long-term and continuous process. The construction of new countryside involves thousands of households and is a systematic project. This can't be done overnight. This requires our long-term efforts. We should take Scientific Outlook on Development as the guide, adjust measures to local conditions, seek truth from facts, start with solving the practical problems that farmers are most concerned about, most urgent and most directly benefited, and take increasing farmers' income, developing industrial support and improving the production environment as the starting point to fully mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers for extensive participation and mobilize the enthusiasm of the whole society. I believe that as long as our village cadres are diligent and hard-working, and actively sort out the ideas of our village's economic and social development, in three to five years, we can completely improve the village's infrastructure, make farmers' lives richer, make the village look cleaner, make farmers' life and living environment more beautiful and make society more harmonious.
Investigation report on rural economic development 3
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First, change ideas and guide rural economic development with the concept of market economy development. Ideas determine the way out. Township party committees and governments should take the lead in changing their ideas, guide the development of rural economy with the demand of market economy development, strengthen the study of rural market economy knowledge, take time out to investigate and study the rural markets in surrounding counties and cities, make full use of the Internet to grasp the information needs of rural markets, and use them to guide the structural adjustment of rural agriculture after analysis and research. We must make full use of the modern media network and strengthen the education of farmers, so that they can change from the self-sufficient concept of natural economic development to the market economy concept of producing whatever the market needs, thus laying the foundation for the development and growth of rural economy.
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Second, strengthen the construction of rural infrastructure and promote the smooth flow of transportation, communication and information and the circulation of agricultural products. The backwardness of rural infrastructure is one of the biggest obstacles to rural economic development. Understanding the family background is the work that the township party Committee and government must do well in advance. It is necessary to send people to establish a rural project library in advance, plan rural project construction in five or XX years, do a good job of ideological propaganda among the masses at ordinary times, and encourage the masses to participate in infrastructure construction and management. At the same time, we should actively strive for project support from higher government departments and give full play to the current situation. One thing and one discussion? The role of the project is to implement one, complete one with high quality and manage one well, so as to bring economic and social benefits into play for a long time. Especially in the later management and protection of rural road traffic and water conservancy infrastructure, it is necessary to guide villages and groups to establish a management and protection system and form a long-term management and protection mechanism. It is necessary to link rural infrastructure construction with future tourism development, so as to lay a good foundation for future tourism development.
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Three, increase the training of advanced agricultural technology, create a typical demonstration, and promote the development of rural economy. Improving farmers' agricultural technology level is an important way to increase farmers' agricultural production and economic income. Township party committees and governments should introduce senior agricultural technical personnel through various means to provide technical services for farmers; Second, it is necessary to spend money to hire agricultural technical experts to go to the countryside and train farmers in advanced agricultural technology in stages; The third is to cultivate leading geese, help demonstration households develop and grow in technology, capital and market information, and drive the surrounding people to get rich together through demonstration households. Fourth, we should combine the actual situation and develop the commodities that the market needs. For example, taking advantage of the high altitude climate characteristics of xx tea garden and Tangtou village, a large number of cold vegetables are planted in summer.
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Fourth, establish a stable credit system and mutual aid organizations in rural areas, promote the overall prosperity of rural areas, encourage land transfer, and lay a good foundation for large-scale agricultural operation and industrialization development. While encouraging the existing rural credit services, the government should educate farmers and learn to use tomorrow's money and other people's money to do what they want. As long as they are sure of a project, they should boldly seize the opportunity to try a project. It is necessary to set aside a certain amount of funds as agricultural development funds, and provide low-interest or discount loan services to farmers at an increasing rate of several percent every year, so as to solve the urgent needs and tide over the difficulties for farmers who have temporary difficulties and good projects. It is necessary to mobilize farmers' own potential and guide them to establish farmers' professional cooperatives, such as pig cooperatives, sheep cooperatives, vegetable planting cooperatives and Chinese herbal medicine cooperatives. Or farmers' professional associations, let these farmers' cooperative organizations play their role of cooperation and mutual assistance, and at the same time encourage migrant farmers to transfer land reasonably, on the one hand, solve the problem of land desolation, on the other hand, provide land for the large-scale production and operation of agricultural products, and truly realize the commercialization of agricultural products.
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Five, improve the level of agricultural services, do a good job in agricultural services, to ensure the long-term and stable development of rural economy. The level of a local agricultural service directly affects the development and growth of its agricultural industry. As a grass-roots government, first, we should do a good job in the implementation of national policies and put the policies formulated by the higher party committees and governments into practice. The policies concerning agriculture, rural areas and farmers should be implemented one by one, and all grass-roots forces should be mobilized and transferred to the higher party committees and governments. The propaganda and implementation of the three rural policies are in place, so that farmers can get benefits and share the fruits of reform and opening up. The second is to establish and cultivate the rural agricultural products market, and finally realize the scale, industrialization, commercialization and intensification of agricultural products. It is necessary to eliminate local government protectionism, encourage the circulation and trading of agricultural products, train local logistics talents, develop and expand the logistics industry, raise funds to build rural agricultural products trading markets and storage facilities, and build agricultural products deep processing enterprises where conditions permit. Third, we should cultivate a professional agricultural technical team with excellent skills, excellent ideas and hard work, and do a good job in technical training and services for farmers. Fourth, establish a rural information technology service network. Make full use of modern network technology, build a rural agricultural information service platform on the Internet, use radio and television media and modern transportation hubs to turn farmers' agricultural products into commodities, turn rural natural resources into commodities, increase farmers' income and develop rural economy.
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Sixth, develop in the direction of tourism, and work hard on characteristic breeding and planting. To protect the green hills and wild ecological resources of xx for a long time, we must take the road of tourism, characteristic breeding and planting. Xx is located at the intersection of three places, four counties and five towns, with superior geographical environment and obvious potential advantages. Make full use of the opportunity after the opening of Shibing North Ring Road, integrate the future development of xx into the tourism development circle of Shibing, Zhenyuan, Shiqian and Qing Yu, and gradually develop the fitness tour, adventure tour, sightseeing tour, rural summer vacation tour and rural specialty food and snacks tour of Foding Mountain and Jiulong Mountain. It should be connected with Shiqian Yaoshang Scenic Area, Shibing Cunninghamia lanceolata River, Heichong and Yuntai Mountain Scenic Area, so as to increase farmers' income by developing tourism and achieve the purpose of protecting green mountains and green waters. Shipang, wild bee, wild boar, wild goat, Zaocys dhumnades, Zaocys dhumnades and Cordyceps gunnii are the characteristics of wild natural resources in xx, but people are still hunting illegally. In addition to continuing to crack down on illegal activities, the government should also encourage some farmers to engage in artificial cultivation of wild animals and plants such as Shipang, wild bees, wild boar, wild goats, Zaocys dhumnades and Cordyceps gunnii, so as to meet market demand and reduce the damage to wild resources.