During Yongle period of Ming Dynasty, this garden was another undertaking of Xu Da family, the founding father of Zhongshan, so it was called Xu Taifu Garden or Xu Zhongshan Garden. During the Tianshun period, Jiufeng Temple was built in the park, and fireworks flourished. During the Zheng De period, Tianci Xu, a descendant of Xu Da, expanded this garden into the "largest and most splendid" garden in Nanjing at that time, and named it the East Garden. The park has become a gathering place for park owners and many famous literati such as Wang Shizhen and Wu Cheng'en. During the southern tour of Ming Wuzong, he once came to the garden to enjoy the scenery and fish.
After entering the Qing Dynasty, due to the continuous destruction by war and man-made, the scenery faded, the gardens were bleak, and a generation of famous gardens became ruins.
During the Republic of China, Nanjing Municipal Government built it into "Bailuzhou Park" on 1929. During the Japanese puppet regime, the park was destroyed again, and the park was reduced to ruins.
After the founding of New China, with the development of socialist construction, parks have been built in a planned way year by year, becoming a cultural park with natural landscape gardens as the main style in China. There are dozens of beautiful scenic spots in the park, such as Yanyuxuan, Chunzaige and Xiaopenglai. Especially after entering the new century, the municipal and district governments have stepped up the construction of parks, comprehensively renovated new infrastructure such as bridges, roads, pavements and music squares, added new scenic spots, rebuilt and opened the Jiufeng Temple of the ancient temple and the market of flowers, birds, fish and insects. Today's Bailuzhou Park has become a bright pearl on the dazzling necklace of Qinhuai scenery belt.
Scenic names of thirteen bridges in the park:
Huanhua Bridge Miqu Bridge Lvyin Bridge Yibo Bridge Banqing Bridge Xiaofeihong Ershui Bridge silver moon Bridge Bibo Bridge Yinfeng Bridge Qin Fang Bridge Yanbo Bridge Yibo Bridge
Names of existing scenic spots in the park: Xinyuan Building, Yanyuxuan, Ouxiang Building, Guanlan Pavilion, Huayu Pavilion, Yousheng Pavilion, Zai Chun Pavilion, Luguan Pavilion and Little Penglai.
The four gates of the park are:
"Meiqu" (Changle Road Gate), "Taifu Old Garden" (Xiaoshiba Street Gate), "Dongyuan Former Site" (Pingjiangfu Road Gate) and "Egret Zhou Fang" (Changbai Street Gate)
During the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, this garden was the other business of Xu Da, the founding father of Zhongshan, so it was called Xu Taifu Garden or Xu Zhongshan Garden. During the Tianshun period, Jiufeng Temple was built in the park, and fireworks flourished. During the Zheng De period, Tianci Xu, a descendant of Xu Da, expanded this garden into the "largest and most splendid" garden in Nanjing at that time, and named it the East Garden. The park has become a gathering place for park owners and many famous literati such as Wang Shizhen and Wu Cheng'en. During the southern tour of Ming Wuzong, he once came to the garden to enjoy the scenery and fish.
After entering the Qing Dynasty, due to the continuous destruction by war and man-made, the scenery faded, the gardens were bleak, and a generation of famous gardens became ruins.
Bailuzhou Park is located in the southeast corner of Nanjing, with Changle Road in the south, Xiaoshiba Street and Donghuayuan Street in the north, Ming City Wall in the east and Xishiba Street in the west, with a total area of 15.279 hectares, of which the water surface is 3.82 hectares and the green space rate is 7 1.5%. It is a cultural park under the jurisdiction of Qinhuai District.
[Park Greening]
Park greening tree species 109, plants 17509. Among them, there are 7253 trees of 63 species; 43 species of shrubs, 10234 plants; There are 12 species of lianas. The main tree species are evergreen camphor tree, magnolia grandiflora, black pine, pittosporum, French green, deciduous Pterocarya stenoptera, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Taxodium ascendens and Populus tomentosa. Each scenic spot is equipped with corresponding flowering shrubs. Tree species that bloom in spring include cherry blossom, peach blossom, magnolia, purple magnolia, begonia, begonia, bauhinia, Yingchun, Admiralty and Huangxin. Trees that bloom in summer include Lagerstroemia indica, Hypericum perforatum and hibiscus. Autumn flowering foliage trees include osmanthus fragrans, hibiscus mutabilis, Acer, Tianzhu and so on; Trees that bloom in winter include plum blossom and wintersweet.
The layout of plants in the park is combined with the terrain, and the ground is suitable for trees. By the lake, weeping willows, yellow hearts, admirals, roses and other soft plants are used, and palms, Metasequoia glyptostroboides and Taxodium ascendens with straight trunks are also used to form a contrast between lines and characters. The forest is mixed with evergreen and deciduous trees, which makes the mountain scenery green and rich all year round. On the flat land, the main tourist areas use colorful and graceful tree species, combined with lawns, and tall trees are used in remote areas, and small evergreen trees and shrubs are planted around the periphery. The edge of the fence is covered with small evergreen trees and shrubs, forming a solid green wall.
[scenery]
The water surface of Qiao Jing Park accounts for about 25% of the total park area. The water surface is mainly gathering, but also gathering and dividing, which divides the whole land into nine pieces of different shapes and sizes, making the main tourist areas become continents in the water, hidden or obvious, seemingly intermittent and endless, forming a visual landscape of mountains and rivers, with layers and depth. There are 13 bridges in the whole park, which are erected in a wide range of waters, which not only communicate the traffic of Jiuzhou, but also have their own scenery. There are mainly semi-green bridges built in 65,438+09,565,438+0, square bridges and Cui bridges built in 65,438+0,959, and Yingfeng Bridge built in 65,438+0,970. These bridges are built according to the specific environment, with different volumes, forms and heights. There are three-way and seven-way flat bridges, single-hole and seven-hole arch bridges, or pavilions are built on the bridges. The structures, such as stone and reinforced concrete, are colorful and become a major feature of the park.
The outdoor stage is located at the north gate. 1973 when the garden was built, the south side was piled with soil, and the audience on the north slope was 5,000. The south slope was separated by trees, which was a place for performances, gatherings, exhibitions, film and television broadcasts, etc.
The garden is located in the northeast corner of the park. 1965 A greenhouse of 150 square meters was built in the southeast corner of the park, which was demolished during the Cultural Revolution. 1979 Rebuild the exhibition greenhouse with an area of 500 square meters and a garden of 5,000 square meters, forming a production, exhibition and sales system. 1993, greenhouse expansion.
Gujiufeng Temple is located in the garden area, and the house number is No.9 Dongyuan Street. Jiufeng Temple was the East City in the Southern Qi Dynasty, and Liang was the general residence of Jiang. Tomorrow will be a good year (1457 ~ 1464), eunuch Jin Bao (also known as Zu Ding) chose this place to build a temple, and Emperor Zhu Qizhen named Jiufeng Temple in memory of the famous monk Jiu Feng in the Tang Dynasty. In the past, the base site of the temple was 10 mu, with a public property area of 5 mu, 7 minutes and 5 miles. Facing south, the entrance to the mountain gate was the three towers of King Kong Hall, with its own bell and drum tower. Furthermore, there are three pavilions in the Heavenly King Hall, three pavilions in the Galandian Hall in the east, three pavilions in the Teacher Hall and three pavilions in the Tibetan Hall in the west. Then go deep into three tanks in Piruger. There are twenty-four halls and nine monk rooms in the east of the temple. Zou Yu, the minister of rites in Ming Dynasty, once wrote a brief introduction for the inscription of Jiufeng Temple. There is a pond behind the temple, which is said to be the release pond of Yan Zhenqing in Tang Dynasty, and there is a monument of "land of fish bliss". Yan Fu Lu written by Ge, a Buddhist monk in Ming Dynasty.
The palace monument, accompanied by the famous monument, no longer exists.
In the middle of Qing Dynasty, the temple was in disrepair for a long time. During the Qianlong period (1795), it was ordered by Jinling, a Buddhist master, to preside over Jiufeng Temple. After 10 years of efforts, the temple was restored as before. During the Jiaqing period, Ming Che monks loved flowers and planted peony in the temple, which was a must for Jinling. During the Daoguang period, the temple was changed into a hall for the elderly. After that, squires Gan Jingzhai and Feng Yaoxian donated money to repair and the temple was preserved. By the time of the Republic of China, most of the halls were destroyed by fire. In the 1930s, a small train and railway were built in the city, and the roadbed passed through, leaving only a small part of the temple on the east side. On the eve of the founding of the People's Republic of China, there were only a few rafters left in the hall, and this situation remained until 1966. After the "Cultural Revolution" began, monks returned to the common customs, and all Buddhist facilities such as the Buddhist edge were destroyed, leaving only two broken houses and a broken stone. The dilapidated house was converted into the staff dormitory of the fifth wool mill.
1993, carrying out the spirit of "protection first, rescue first" in the national conference on cultural relics, the park management office followed the principle of "maintaining the status quo, renovating as new, and partially restoring", and completed the renovation of the entire Jiufeng Temple at the end of the year. The reconstructed Erjin Sangang Palace is equipped with Jiu Feng Art Park, which is a cultural exchange center integrating China traditional culture such as calligraphy and painting exhibitions, art sales, lectures and tea art. The old temple was reborn and revived.
Dongcheng tourist area is located in the east of the park, and its southern section is composed of hills and dense forests. The golden Taishou Garden is famous for its elegance. Wu's Wu garden wins with peach blossoms full of hedges; Qi Wangsun Garden includes Zhao Yin Caotang and Qi Xian Temple, as well as Xiao Juan Weiyuan. Schosangen, Lv Xue. In addition, there are many temples, shrines, temples, churches and temples in Chi Pan, and Mei 'an is dedicated to the southeast of the pool. It is said that Anbaoshan's mother was born of Roche Mengmei, and her mother's plum withered, so Gu Mei was regarded as the soul of her mother to build a temple. In the Yinxian Temple in the northwest of Tantan, four pine trees are towering; Tan Beizeng (Guo Fan) Gong Temple, Tao Shu Gong Temple, Ma Duanmin Gong Temple, Wang Gong Temple, etc. After the Xianfeng War in Qing Dynasty, it began to run down. On the eve of liberation, the pond silt scene was destroyed and desolate, and Guishan and Sheshan beside the pond became abandoned places.
After the liberation of Nanjing, parks, hospitals, stadiums, schools and libraries were established around Wulongtan, which became a cultural and health area in Nanjing. In the patriotic health campaign in the 1950s, the appearance of Wulongtan was greatly improved by removing garbage and planting trees. However, in the 1960s, management was neglected. In the late Cultural Revolution, the pond was surrounded by shacks, garbage was everywhere, sewage was flowing, and Wulongtan became a stinking pond, with passers-by covering their noses. In order to save the scenic spots of the Six Dynasties, 1982, the municipal government approved the construction of a garden here to restore historical sites. During the preparatory period, due to the lack of funds, the preparatory group of the park implemented the policy of "building the park by business". After seven years of rolling development, more than 30,000 cubic meters have been dredged, more than 50,000 trees have been planted, more than 3,000 square meters of grass have been paved, more than 2,700 cubic meters of wall and revetment stones have been laid, and more than 800 meters of sewage pipes have been buried. "Stinky Pond" reappears the beautiful scenery.
Interesting, the skating rink is arranged in the middle section of 1980, and the children's playground is built in 199 1. Now, it is planned to build the steps to climb the city in the northern section for tourists to visit the city.
Egret Island, located in the Egret Lake, was built in 1963 with the earth and stone of the small railway foundation and the silt of Xunhu Lake. The island has lush trees and winding stone paths, and the top of the mountain is the commanding height of the whole park. 1982 A pavilion was built there, which is the best position overlooking the whole park. There is a waterfront painting boat on the west side of Chunlai Island, and a group of egrets are arranged in the lake on the west side of Chunlai Pavilion 1987.
The former site of Dongyuan Park is located in the middle of the park, which is the largest continent in the park and the center of sightseeing activities. The two mountains in the southwest are piled up, and big trees such as ginkgo, cypress, Metasequoia and cedar are planted in the middle canyon, which is not only the interest of Shan Ye, but also the screen of the southwest. There are garden-style buildings in the center, such as Yanyuxuan, Qulang, Xiaopenglai (rockery), Huayu Pavilion, Banqing Bridge, Bibo Bridge, Xinyuan Building, and Lotus House. Yanyuxuan 1952 was renovated, water platform 1962 was repaired and added, curved gallery 1965 was repaired, Yanyuxuan and curved gallery 1988 were demolished and rebuilt. Ou Xiangju 1952 was renovated, 1974 was demolished, and 1978 was moved to the east of Xiyuanmen Lake. Bailuzhou Tea House 1958 was rebuilt, 1990 was demolished, and a new garden building was built at the original site; Newsstand can be set up in 1958 and maintained in 1990.
[service facilities]
Children's playground is located in Dongcheng tourist area, in the northwest corner of the park. It has introduced many joint ventures and added large-scale and various amusement facilities to meet the needs of many children in the south of the city.
There are 30 teaching points in the aerobics dance teaching park, which are equipped with necessary facilities to provide various exercise places for residents and are very popular.
This restaurant is called Lianxiangju, which serves Qinhuai scenic spots.
The teahouse was originally named Egret Tea House, and later it was a two-story building with a teahouse, a karaoke hall, a ballroom and a canteen.
The open-air stage holds exhibitions of spring flowers and autumn chrysanthemums all the year round, and cappella concerts of Peking Opera masters, tin operas and Yue operas, acrobatic magic performances, bonsai flower exhibitions, craft lantern exhibitions and aerobics competitions for the elderly are held irregularly.
History [/title] Park was once known as Xu Taifu Garden, Xu Zhongshan Garden and Dong Garden in history. The earliest historical data is the Annals of Zhengde Jiangning County in the middle of Ming Dynasty: "Xu Taifu Garden is in the east of the county, north of Fang Xin. A teacher was jealous, and a founding father gave it to King Zhongshan, died in Yongle, Wuning, and later gave it to his family to make a vegetable garden. In the third year of Zheng De's reign, the son of Dongyuan was a godsend, so he extended to the hall in the west, and his heart was far away. I also bought strange stones from all directions behind the hall, dug canals in the overlapping mountains, built pavilions in the middle of the water distribution room, surrounded by miscellaneous mountains, and connected to the bamboo path. This is the victory of Jinling Billiards Hall. "
Xu Da was an important minister of Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of Ming Dynasty. Tired official teacher, prime minister right in the book, etc. , was named Wei Gong, posthumously named Zhongshan Wang. At the beginning of the flood, Zhu Yuanzhang gave his old house to Xu Da as a prince of Wu, but Xu Da was not afraid. So a new building was built opposite the old residence, and an archway was built on the left and right sides of the residence, which was a great achievement. The Taiping Revolutionary History Museum on Zhanyuan Road is now a part of Xu Da Palace. In the early years of Yongle, Empress Renxiao, the eldest daughter of Xu Da, gave her a piece of land near the city wall in the east of Zhongshan Wang Fu as a vegetable garden. Therefore, it was later called Xu Taifu Garden, or Xu Zhongshan Garden.
Tianci Xu was the youngest son who was deeply loved by Xu Fu (the fifth grandson of Xu Da), the Duke of Wei, during the Chenghua period. He took the Taifu Garden from Xu, the eldest nephew of Wei (the seventh grandson of Xu Da), and took it for himself. He built a building, renamed it Dongyuan, and then gave it to his sixth son, Xu Yunxun.
Tianci Xu East Garden, built in Zhengde, has maintained its elegant demeanour during the Wanli period. It is described in detail in Wang Shizhen's Notes on Jinling Garden: "At the beginning, elm, willow and other crops were planted, and all the weeds died. After more than 200 martial arts, I re-entered a door and turned left. The three towers of Huatang are spacious, but not very high. The list is: the heart is far away. In front of it are several peaks on the platform, one of the ancient tree crowns. The pillow pool behind the temple is opposite to the small Penglai, with dense mountain fields, not in the pool, but with mountains, holes, pavilions and pavilions, which are specific and small. Two cypresses do different things, so they can go in and out from the bottom. Day: a hundred doors. The bamboo forest is steep and beautiful, and there are no surprises under the shade. It has entered from the right side of Dou Zhu Banyuan, and there are five rows of rafts in the hall. List day: a mirror, a large pool in front of the pillow and three rafts in the middle can arrange ten seats; The other two belong to others. Out of the left, Danqiao is winding, 50% to 60% flat on the ground, suitable for drinking. There are pavilions and wings on the bridge, which are very neat. In the middle of the water, it faces a hall. On its back, on the other side of the water, there are all old trees in Pingqu, and the trees are endless. When you run out of water, you will get a dangerous building made of stone, fly in the clouds and build a new structure. The original boat carries wine, from Zuoxi to Hengtang, poor. The balance of the garden is several and a half miles, and it will always be good wood ... "It can be seen that Xu Xun, the owner of the garden at that time, also had a new structure on the basis of his father's gardening.
From to Wanli, it was the heyday of Xu's family gardens, with more than 10 gardens. After Wanli and the late Ming Dynasty, the Xu family began to decline, and their descendants either sold flowers and stones in other industries or sold all the gardens. Chen's "Zoology of Jinling" records: "The Ming and Han dynasties officially run the state-owned Fan Garden (state-owned Fan Zi Xiang Yu, Wanli Jinshi), which has peaks on the rocky mountains and is two feet high. There are many inscriptions on Song Xian, and it was also purchased from Xudong Garden."
By the time we entered Dingge in Qing Dynasty, most of Xu Jue's gardens had been abandoned or changed hands. In the East Garden, there is also a gardener named Yuan who lives next to the bridge. Therefore, this bridge was named Yuanjiaqiao after Yuan's surname. According to Gan's "Lock the Eyes under the White", although the East Garden is out of date at this time, it is still the "East Garden Scenic Spot" when "the spring is full and the mice are in full bloom", and "the pheasant is the best, and tourists must drink it".
"Jinling George" Day: "There is a teahouse in the garden, and the day is quiet and happy; There is a restaurant called Huanhuaju, which is named after selling game. " Part of the East Garden is owned by A Qing bureaucrat Wang Zehong, who established another enterprise here, Hong Qiang Shanting. This situation lasted until the mid-Qing Dynasty and the end of Jiaqing. Although most of the East Garden had been reduced to a vegetable garden, it was still a resort for tourists to visit, enjoy the scenery and enjoy tea.
The extraordinary flood in the third year of Daoguang (1823) made the garden "houses collapsed, flowers and trees withered, and the scenery of that year was gone." A generation of famous gardens were destroyed. However, the topography of the ruins pool is still there, and times have changed, forming a unique natural landscape. During the Guangxu period, someone commented: "Although the garden is abandoned, it still hangs in Yang Chunmei, reeds fly in autumn, hills are near the ring, Zhongshan is far away, ponds are submerged, towers are too beautiful, and it is still poetic." It shows that the Dongyuan site still has unique charm.
In the Republic of China 13 (1924), Kimba and his son set up Yixing Shantang in the former site of Dongyuan, and the local gentry raised funds to open a teahouse. In the same year, when the Jiufeng Temple, the former site of Dongyuan, was renovated, it was found that there was a stone carving engraved with Li Bai's famous sentence "On going to Nanjing to Phoenix Terrace": "Three mountains and a half fall in the sky, like this Egret Island divides the river". The manager of the tea house quoted the place names in Li Bai's poems, because he appreciated Li Bai's poems very much, so he called it Bailuzhou Tea House. Although the Egret Island referred to in Li Bai's poems is Egret Island by the Yangtze River outside the Jiangdongmen Gate in Nanjing, at this time, the lake in the former site of Dongyuan is overgrown with reeds and egrets gather in autumn, which is very similar to Egret Island by the Yangtze River. Later, the former site of Dongyuan Garden was expanded, including Yanyuxuan, Ouxiangju, Gujiu Xuan, Huayu Pavilion, Lv Yun Zhai and Yinfeng Pavilion. , forming a small garden that has begun to take shape.
Due to the poor management of Yixing Hall, the garden landscape is gradually dying, and public opinion demands the revitalization of this garden resort. In the second year of Nanjing (1928), the capital of the National Government, 10, the mayor of Nanjing Special City ordered the Works Bureau to build Bailuzhou Park, which was completed on 1929. In June 2008, the Municipal Park Management Office took over Qinhuai Small Park and handed it over to Bailuzhou Park for management. At that time, the park covered an area of about 2,000 square meters, but the scenery of Kerry has been restored, and it is called "Four Scenes of Luzhou" together with "Spring Blossoms", "Heart Delight Pavilion Show", "Apricot Rain Trial" and "Peach Blossoms".
After the Japanese invaded Nanjing, Bailuzhou Park and Qinhuai Small Park were placed under the management of the First Park Office on September 1938. In the park, local ruffians and hooligans are rampant, and the park has become a place to shelter evil people and shelter evil practices. The landscape is becoming increasingly desolate and the beautiful scenery of the four seasons no longer exists. On the eve of liberation, it was in ruins, and most of the land became vegetable fields.
After the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC), 195 1 rescued and maintained the park, and demolished the dangerous Yinfengge and Lv Yun Zhai. 1952, combined with the regulation of Qinhuai River, the park was dredged and expanded. According to its historical and environmental characteristics, it is planned to build a cultural park with Jiangnan Mountain water garden as the main style, rebuild the rain pavilion and curved corridor, transform the misty rain pavilion and the lotus fragrance house, build a semi-green bridge and plant flowers and trees. 1957 Land expropriation 1.33 hectares, building "Youth Home" in Qinhuai District. The landscape garden is officially open to tourists and is under the jurisdiction of Qinhuai District Government. 1959, the small and medium-sized railways in the park were demolished, and Egret Island was built on the water surface, and the square bridge and Cui bridge were built. 196 1 land acquisition, and the park area increased to 10.6 hectares. In the early days of the Cultural Revolution, parks were destroyed, greenhouses were demolished and the landscape was deserted. The park was closed for renovation on 1972 and reopened on 1976 in May. Complete the scenic spots, roads, bridges and parks with the same area as today, such as the open-air stage, flower garden, Dongcheng Tour, Egret Island and the former site of Dongyuan. The buildings and facilities are all in the traditional style of Qing Dynasty, which complement each other with the ancient buildings in Confucius Temple area. Trees, shrubs, ground covers, lawns and other plants are skillfully combined with the terrain to form a closed mountain forest, a dense transitional zone and a cheerful and bright lawn, and appropriate cultural and sports facilities are provided to facilitate tourists' leisure, self-entertainment and fitness. 1989 700 meters of asphalt road around the lake and 3500 square meters of pavement were built. 199 1, a children's playground was built. 1993, restoring Jiufeng Temple, a municipal cultural relics protection unit. The connotation of the cultural park is more substantial and perfect, and "egrets are released around" has become one of the new comments of "Forty Scenes of Jinling".
After the founding of New China, with the development of socialist construction, parks have been built in a planned way year by year, becoming a cultural park with natural landscape gardens as the main style in China. There are dozens of beautiful scenic spots in the park, such as Yanyuxuan, Chunzaige and Xiaopenglai. Especially after entering the new century, the municipal and district governments have stepped up the construction of parks, comprehensively renovated new infrastructure such as bridges, roads, pavements and music squares, added new scenic spots, rebuilt and opened the Jiufeng Temple of the ancient temple and the market of flowers, birds, fish and insects. Today's Bailuzhou Park has become a bright pearl on the dazzling necklace of Qinhuai scenery belt.
Transportation: Take bus 14, 23, 43, 87, 88, 30 1 304.
Admission: 20 yuan.