Microsoft CEO Nadella is of Indian origin;
Google CEO sundar pichai is of Indian origin;
Now the CEO of IBM is also replaced by Indian-born alker Wen Krishna.
Three may be accidental, but it is outrageous that the CEOs of Pepsi, Nokia, Motorola and Harman International are all Indians.
There's something even more outrageous.
As the world science and technology center, Silicon Valley in the United States is now being occupied by Indians step by step!
According to statistics, in Silicon Valley of the United States, Indian-born senior technical talents account for one-third of the total number of talents in Silicon Valley, and it is still rising year by year.
But when we turn our eyes, India's illiterate population now accounts for one-third of the world, reaching nearly 300 million, becoming the only country in the world with over 100 million illiterates.
Then the question is, how did India manage so many high-level talents with so many illiterate people?
A closer look does not seem contradictory, because India is not only the country with the most illiteracy, but also the country with the largest gap between the rich and the poor in the world.
Coincidentally, among the 654.38+0.2 billion poor people in the world, India accounts for another third, of which more than 70 million are extremely poor.
That is, the average daily living expenses are less than that of 9 yuan.
It is even more nonsense for a family of six people in India to receive education when their survival is in question.
On the other hand, the rich in India have zero illiteracy rate, and they have a bachelor's degree from the beginning. Indian families with a slightly better middle economy generally receive higher education.
There may be friends who want to say that India is no longer so good, and people also have compulsory education such as the eighth grade, but in fact, compulsory education in India has been called for more than 50 years, and it has not really been popularized today for a simple reason:
India's innate self-confidence
How long did it take for China to truly popularize nine-year compulsory education from the promulgation of 1986 compulsory education law?
15 years
India went further and directly wrote the grand goal of universal compulsory education into the Constitution.
So how long does India plan to complete?
Nehru patted his forehead: I said a number! /kloc-0 0 years!
Yes, India plans to eliminate illiteracy in 10. Illiteracy accounts for more than 80% of the country, totaling more than 240 million. So in the first five-year plan, India allocated 56% of its education funds to primary education.
However, in the concrete implementation of primary education, India has continued the fine tradition of "slogan is my only action".
The education management of primary and secondary schools has adopted a laissez-faire policy for a long time and has completely become a shopkeeper of cutting and cutting. It is necessary for each state to implement universal compulsory education independently. The situation in each state is different, and the implementation should follow the feeling.
By the end of 2007, only eight states in India had a dropout rate of 0, and the dropout rate of over 50% was 1 1. The dropout rates in Assam and Bihar even reached 70%. According to the special standard of 3% annual dropout rate, it is estimated that it will take another ten years for India to become literate.
Maybe Nehru started by talking about physical annihilation.
Down-to-earth has never been Indian style. Nehru did not believe in the sequential development concept of "primary education, secondary education and higher education" put forward by the West at that time. On the contrary, he thought it was a conspiracy of the west to slow down the rise of China's "Great Indian Empire", so India sent the remaining education funds to higher education while developing primary education.
I long for oil, but I don't want oil. I bet at both ends and rode straight to the train.
The result of this two-pronged approach is that the slogan of developing primary education was shouted in the first two years, and the money flowed to higher education in the later period.
Since the Second Five-Year Plan, the proportion of primary education funds has dropped to 33%, even from 1966 to 1969 to 24%, while the proportion of higher education funds has risen to 49% in the same period.
Why did India finally bet all its money on this?
Because although primary education directly solves illiteracy, after going to India, we can find that it is a thankless bottomless pit, into which money is poured. I will continue to engage in secondary education after training, so why don't I go directly to higher education?
My "Indian Empire" was set in 2000 and became the flag of developed countries in 2020. How can I have time to accompany you little beans to thrive?
India suddenly grasped the "essence" of the problem and vigorously carried out higher education reform.
What is the result of this reform?
Two words: sparse.
Thanks to the unremitting efforts of the Indian Education Commission, India's higher education system has become the largest higher education institution in the world.
India now has nearly 20,000 institutions of higher learning. 18 key institutions, represented by Indian Institute of Technology, take the absolute majority of education expenditure every year, while the vast majority of the remaining students are on the verge of bankruptcy every day.
Investigating its origin is also closely related to its "father".
Indian universities in the modern sense appeared during the British colonial rule in the19th century. At that time, it was only after Britain enslaved India for most of its life that it was discovered to be the industrial age. Is this Indian's IQ and EQ still so low?
You turn the table when you get the food, and you touch yourself when you get the card.
This is no good, what I need in the new era is senior wage earners, so I need to get some education!
So the British Parliament authorized the East India Company to manage the educational affairs of the colonies in 18 13, and the Earl of Macaulay drafted the famous Macaulay Memorandum, highlighting:
"In view of the fact that the government does not have enough funds to implement mass education in India, the colonial government should establish higher education institutions that can only face a few elites."
So the Indian colonial government began elite education without much money.
But the bad thing is elite education.
After receiving education, the Indian elite finally realized the fact that they were Indians and began to carry out a non-violent and non-cooperative movement under the leadership of Gandhi, demanding that Britain divide up the educational power.
At that time, Britain had just finished World War I, and although it won, it was still weakened and had no leisure to worry about India.
So the colonial government made concessions in the educational management system and implemented the "decentralization system". The central government retains some rights, while the rest are delegated to the states and managed by the central and local governments. Did you find out? Later, the eager shopkeeper of Indian primary education was put here to study.
In the first few years, the enthusiasm of local schools was really high, but don't forget, this is bulk India, and there is no knowledge among States. Developing education is more arbitrary. As of 193 1, the literacy rate in India is only 8.6%. . .
1947, 15 In August, India became independent. This new bulk country had no money, but no matter how difficult it was, Nehru's first thought was to popularize primary education and reform higher education. As I said just now, Wolong's "achievements" in Feng Chu and Feng Chu must be supported!
So in 1950s and 1960s, the number of Indian universities expanded rapidly from 606 in 1950 to 2370 in 1965. With the liberalization of private universities in the 1980s, the number of Indian universities has soared to 84 10, not to mention the admission system adopted by Indian universities.
However, poverty, like the wind, has always been with me. No matter how many universities are built, the central government's higher education funds are still a little bit even if they go up.
From the early 1950s to the early 1970s, the proportion of Indian higher education in the total education expenditure rose from 1/4 to 1/3, not to mention the economic recession in India in the early 1970s, and the investment in higher education and the development of higher education system even stagnated.
In the case of limited funds, India certainly has to spend money on what they think is the cutting edge.
Yes, it is engineering, business and science majors directly linked to GDP. The state has also divided two systems according to the educational level of these popular majors:
National key university system and general higher education system.
Key colleges and universities are delicious and delicious, while ordinary colleges and universities live and die by heaven.
In the key college system composed of 18 schools, one school has achieved the key funding of 15%, that is, the only designated school in India's eyes-Indian Institute of Technology, and most of the talents mentioned at the beginning, accounting for one-third of Silicon Valley, come from this school.
In India, there has always been an absurd joke about Indian Institute of Technology:
One day, a professor at MIT asked the Indian students in his class, is there no Indian Institute of Technology in India? Why did you come here? The student replied: I came to MIT because I couldn't get into Indian Institute of Technology!
The angry professor almost had a heart attack on the spot.
Is Indian science and technology really the best in the world as Indians say?
It makes sense that Indian Institute of Technology is not ranked high in the world. During the period of 20 19-2020, its best Mumbai branch only ranked at 162, and even in Asia, it only ranked 33rd. Where does the confidence of Indians come from?
In fact, it really occupies the first place in the world.
The world's number one exam is difficult.
The Indian Institute of Technology was founded in 195 1 year, 1956, and the Indian Parliament passed the "Institute of Technology Act" to prevent the bureaucratic system from interfering with the Institute of Technology, and courses and enrollment became independent decisions of the school. In this way, the Indian Institute of Technology, which took advantage of the spring breeze of reform, made great strides and became the shoulder of the National Institute of Technology.
Similarly, in terms of course difficulty, the Indian Institute of Technology is naturally rising, especially mathematics.
In India, no matter how humble your background is, as long as you are admitted to this school, no one will pay attention to your background, and you are the best in the eyes of others.
But an Indian student who wants to enter this school is not a question of whether he can or not, but a question of whether he is qualified.
Please try to follow my brain hole:
Suppose we were born into an Indian family unfortunately, but fortunately, we still have some leftover food to support your study. From the tenth grade (equivalent to our first year of high school), we have to decide the future direction.
You ask me why I have to decide now?
Because at the same time, there are 10 million people who have to make decisions like you, and there are not many choices. The four that occupy the absolute mainstream are science, engineering, medicine, business and liberal arts.
In fact, you are likely to be a science student, because under the brainwashing of the country, the concept of ordinary parents in India has always been that studying literature is not as good as studying business, and studying business is not as good as studying medicine. Studying medicine can't save India. It's better to study science and engineering.
There is only one technology that can go, and that is Indian technology. Why do you say that?
Because after finishing the general courses of science and engineering, you can compete with Indian drivers. The salary of an Indian general course graduate is equivalent to that of a driver in India, which is about 1500 RMB a month, while the average salary of Indian technical graduates is 20 times this figure. What would you choose?
I have no choice.
After you were forced to choose Indian Institute of Technology, congratulations, you no longer have the so-called personal space, because when you write the words Indian Institute of Technology, you not only have to face the college entrance examination, but also challenge the JEE set up by Indian Institute of Technology.
This JEE needs tickets. You must get at least the top 20% of the100000 candidates to qualify for JEE. In 20 17, the number of people who finally qualified for JEE examination was1186,000. How many people does the Indian Institute of Technology need?
4000
Despair. No, no, despair hasn't really started yet. JEE is a three-hour written test, which consists of 90 objective questions, covering physics, chemistry and mathematics, and takes an average of four minutes to solve one question.
And every question is beyond the scope.
Starting from the first question, you will face the same difficulty as the last three multiple-choice questions in the Chinese college entrance examination, but this is only a preliminary test!
After the initial examination, because the objective questions must have correct answers, the1100,000 candidates will be ranked according to their grades, and the top 20% will take the next round of final re-examination. The difficulty of JEE's second interview is obviously beyond my imagination.
So in this difficult exam, what you learned in school can only play an auxiliary role in the exam. What should you do?
Make up lessons.
In India, more than 95% of students have to study extra-curricular tutoring two or three years in advance, and study physical chemistry and mathematics in a super-class way. In 20 17, Indian parents contributed $22.5 billion to extracurricular tutoring.
There is a city in northern India called Kota, which is the most famous "tutorial capital" in China. More than 65,438+000 tutoring institutions are crammed into 202 square kilometers of land. Here, teenage candidates are sent to a classroom full of one or two hundred people and receive more than 15 hours of intensive study every day. Here, the only survival rule is achievement.
So far, students in 77 different places have committed suicide because they can't stand the pressure.
But at the same time, the problem has come. With the blessing of the word India, it is now a luxury to go to cram school.
Because tuition institutions like Kota charge $3,000 a year, but India's per capita disposable income is just over $2,000, most of the students who can go to Kota for tuition are middle-class families in India.
What about the children of poor families in India?
Then you can only urge your father to exercise more at ordinary times, because it is really difficult to describe the earning power of the rich and middle class in India in my simple language on the day of the college entrance examination.
Bihar is one of the most backward regions in India, but in this backward region of India, it is reported that top scholars with both arts and sciences were arrested in the same year. In the graduation examination of 12 grade, Ruby Rai, aged 17, won the championship in one fell swoop and became the top liberal arts champion in Bihar. Hearing this, the villagers in the village were packed with people, red flags were flying and firecrackers were ringing. . .
The local examination committee arranged a second interview for her on the spot, and as expected, she gave zero, and was immediately arrested.
The news naturally caused public outrage, and the examination Committee was also thinking, otherwise, should the science champion also check?
A few days later, the science champion was arrested because he said in an interview that the chemical formula of water is not H2O.
And these two people also confessed, this champion, bought it!
What about the vast majority of the poor? There is only physical strength. . .
As early as 20 15, this photo outside the classroom in Bihar shocked the world. In the classroom, the students are nervously entangled in the topic of the mid-term exam. Outside the classroom wall, Indian parents are also nervously entangled in the topic of the mid-term exam. Poor people can't afford to buy advanced cheating equipment, so they can only help their children realize their dreams in this simplest way.
Maybe you are laughing, but the picture we are laughing at is the almost desperate life of the poor in India.
In such a college entrance examination situation, being admitted to the Indian Institute of Technology represents not only high salary and face for Indians, but also the real "knowledge changes fate".
Now, however, it seems that after graduating from the Indian Institute of Technology, the place they yearn for is often not India, but Europe and the United States. The brain drain rate in India is as high as 80%, especially in computer and related majors.
India's minister of education is also very annoyed, repeatedly lamenting: I want talent growth, not brain drain!
Now IT seems that some people will yearn for India's IT industry, but they don't know that for decades, under the influence of wages, living environment and scientific research conditions:
Nearly 600,000 outstanding graduates from India went overseas for further study;
4000 well-known experts have emigrated to Europe and America.
So that India's IT education is now called "talent cow", eating Indian grass, but its chest is abroad.
In the United States, the average annual salary of computer programmers is $75,000; In India, the annual salary of a designer doing the same job is only $654.38+$2500, and the salary is only equivalent to $654.38 +0/6 in the United States.
The Indian Constitution has long given "citizens the right to move freely and settle down". For the Indian government, since it is impossible to retain talents under the condition of underdeveloped economy, it is better to follow the trend and adopt a free and open policy on brain drain.
Former Indian Prime Minister La Gandhi, who had the reputation of "computer prime minister" at that time, once said, "Even if an Indian scientist, engineer and doctor returned to China in their fifties and sixties, we didn't lose them. We regard this brain drain as a' smart bank' and it is accumulating interest and waiting for India to recover it. "
Last year, when Dr. Josh, Minister of Human Resources of India, answered a public question from a Member of Parliament, he thought that the government did not recognize the view that "India loses $2 billion every year due to brain drain" pointed out in the United Nations talent development report, because in the view of the Indian government, Indian talents returned from Europe and the United States, which not only brought back funds, but also improved their popularity and brought back the spirit of innovation to India!
Have the Indians come back? India's richest man is gone now!
On the contrary, in the past ten years, the number of returned overseas students in China has increased at an average annual rate of 13%.
Want to ask why?
You see, under this epidemic wave, who is still shining without underwear?