Public facilities for commercial services: Compared with residential buildings, there are supermarkets, farmers' markets (clean vegetable markets), catering buildings, retail shops, post offices, savings offices, medical service stations and so on.

There are primary schools, middle schools, kindergartens, nurseries and other residential buildings corresponding to educational and conservation facilities.

Public facilities for management and neighborhood communication: corresponding residential buildings include clubs, residents' activity centers and elderly activity centers. Their main form of expression is supporting residential clubs.

Municipal public facilities: specifically, there are substations, water pump houses, public toilets, bicycle garages, garbage collection points, street lamp management rooms, fire control centers and gas pressure regulating stations.

The public facilities in residential areas are the basic guarantee to meet the daily needs of residents and the material basis for the stability of residential areas. Community planning should pay full attention to the setting of complete public service facilities, consider residents' living requirements and behavior trajectory in layout, and set them in different levels to meet the requirements of service radius. Therefore, when making a public center, we should have an overall concept, organically combine it with the whole community environment, and create a community public space with spatial characteristics.

Question 2: The public infrastructure of commercial residential quarters refers to roads, water supply, drainage, electricity, communication, gas, greening, sewage and other public infrastructure.

Question 3: What are the general supporting facilities for housing? In Article 3 of the Interpretation of the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Laws in the Trial of Commercial Housing Contract Disputes, it is expressed as "related facilities" of houses, generally including infrastructure and related supporting facilities; Infrastructure refers to heating, power supply, water supply, residential landscape, roads in residential areas, parking lots, etc. Public facilities include commercial facilities, service industry, medical education, public transportation and other public facilities within and outside the planning scope of commercial housing.

Supporting facilities or housing-related facilities can be divided into two types according to their property rights relationship with real estate.

One is the supporting facilities in the commercial housing community, or the private supporting facilities in the community, whose ownership should belong to the private property used in the real estate community, such as elevators, greening and roads in the community. General apartment-style commercial housing residential area belongs to typical building ownership, and the owner's ownership is compound, which consists of three elements: exclusive ownership, public part decentralization (* * * ownership) and membership right. The supporting facilities in this area should belong to the property scope of the community owner.

The second category is the supporting facilities and conditions outside the commercial housing community, such as bus lines and shopping malls. , which can be called the surrounding public facilities, may be the supporting facilities planned and built by the regional arrangement of real estate, or it may be a natural location condition, but the ownership is not owned by the private property community, but belongs to other public or private. The private facilities and surrounding public facilities in the above-mentioned areas are related to the use function and house price. How to stipulate them in the contract determines the handling of relevant contractual responsibilities.

Question 4: The public infrastructure of urban housing includes which public facilities in residential areas:

Public facilities mainly include education, health care, culture and sports, business services, administrative management, community services and other facilities. For example: green space, roads, street lamps, underground (upper) lines and pipes, parking lots (garages), power distribution rooms (rooms) and electrical equipment, water pump rooms (rooms, wells) and pumps, clubs, guard rooms, civil air defense rooms and equipment, fire rooms and equipment, elevators, rockeries (water), fitness and entertainment facilities, bulletin boards, etc.

Question 5: What are the public facilities in the community, but not limited to the following equipment, facilities, venues, etc.

1, greening and sketches (such as pavilions, pools and fountains, public seats) and so on.

2. Public lighting equipment

3, public * * * fire fighting equipment, fire stairs, passage

4. Public safety equipment (fences, cameras, guardrails, park gates, bars, etc.). )

5. Public places and public roads

5. Public water supply and drainage facilities (public water supply and drainage pipelines, sewers, tube wells, various pumps, pipeline valves, rainwater pipes, sewage grids, etc. )

6. Public * * * distribution facilities (high and low voltage distribution room, distribution box, distribution cabinet, power tube well, switch box, electric meter, trunking, etc.). )

7. Public weak current facilities (cable TV equipment, telecommunication equipment, network optical fiber equipment, weak current tube well, dispatching room, dispatching box, etc.). )

8. Public fitness and children's entertainment facilities

9, building roof and * * * with external walls

10, elevator, elevator waiting hall

1 1, public corridors, stairs, apartment halls, public building lobbies, public toilets (not required)

12, building foundation and other infrastructure

Question 6: What are the five infrastructures of water, electricity, gas, heating and roads in the new community?

Question 7: What supporting facilities do residential areas need? Generally speaking, supporting facilities refer to the general name of public service facilities, roads and public green spaces built in a supporting way corresponding to the living scale or population scale of residential areas. Roads mainly refer to roads in residential areas and roads and related facilities connected with urban public transport routes. Public green space refers to the construction of green space in the community, which is closely related to the community environment, and will be discussed in the next section. So what we are talking about here is mainly public service facilities.

Public service facilities can be divided into two categories:

The first category is all kinds of public pipelines and facilities related to basic housing, including water, electricity, natural gas, cable TV, telephone, broadband network, heating, rainwater treatment and sewage treatment. , to ensure that meet the basic housing needs;

The second category is all kinds of public facilities related to the needs of family life, including education, medical care, culture and sports, business services, financial posts and telecommunications, community services, administrative management and other facilities, in order to meet higher living needs besides basic living needs.

1. Banks, post offices, supermarkets, restaurants and other necessary facilities.

These facilities are basically necessary for city life now. For these supporting facilities, the factors to be measured actually mainly do not depend on the commitment of the developer, but should consider the objective factors such as the scale, location, entrance to the community and traffic conditions of the building. Because these facilities are profitable, the relevant institutions mainly consider the objective conditions at the beginning. For example, the location of a supermarket will consider geographical location, population density, residents' income, transportation, consumption level, rent and other factors. According to the relevant regulations, the post office is equipped with offices for more than 7,000 people in residential areas and offices for more than 1 10,000 households (30,000 people). The establishment of banks will be considered in a wider range of factors. Generally, branches will not be set up in each community, but the site will be selected by considering the surrounding conditions. So these profitable supporting facilities, property buyers can judge by these objective factors, that is to say, with these factors, developers will have them even if they don't promise. In short, if the basic conditions of the community are good, other living facilities will come naturally. If the basic conditions are not good, it is difficult to guarantee other aspects.

2. Educational facilities

Educational facilities are becoming more and more important to modern families. In recent years, there are more and more education cards in real estate sales. The ways are as follows: the developer signs an agreement with the surrounding schools, and the children of buyers can enter school or enter school with certain preferential conditions, the so-called "famous building+prestigious school" model; Joint education, developers and schools build branch schools in the community; Developers run their own schools, teachers cooperate with schools and so on. For educational facilities, buyers should consider:

(1) What is the public education system around?

(2) Distance and traffic conditions;

(3) Whether the feasibility of the educational facilities and related preferential conditions promised by the developer has been recognized by the education administrative department;

(4) Are there other educational facilities nearby?

3. Medical equipment

This piece is very important for the elderly. However, at present, the construction of community medical facilities is still very weak, and most real estate projects will not build this facility alone. This actually does not depend on the developer, but is related to the national medical and health system. In Britain and the United States, the construction of community medical facilities is an important part of the national medical system, and the current allocation of medical resources in China can not reach this level. Therefore, we can't expect developers and buyers to mainly consider the surrounding public medical system and traffic conditions, and the basic medical facilities in the community can basically meet.

4. Cultural and sports facilities

This piece mainly includes non-fee open facilities and fee-paying facilities, mainly clubs. At present, the general community will have open free sports and fitness facilities. The main problem in this respect is daily maintenance, which has a lot to do with property management. More of a problem is the club. In recent years, clubhouse construction has become more and more important in the real estate market, but the problems caused by it have become more and more prominent, mainly focusing on:

(1) club property rights

In recent years, the problem of defining the property rights of clubs is very prominent. Beijing, Shenzhen and other cities have large-scale class actions, and the results are also very inconsistent. At present, the parties have different opinions. Comparatively speaking, the operation opinion is: if the owners have shared the clubhouse area when buying a house, then the property rights of the clubhouse should be owned by all owners. The pool area has no clubhouse area, and the developer can issue an independent title certificate for the clubhouse construction area. >>

Question 8: What are the basic public facilities of large-scale property rights communities? Article 3 of the Supreme People's Court's Interpretation on Several Issues Concerning the Specific Application of Laws in the Trial of Disputes over the Ownership of Buildings stipulates: "In addition to the * * stipulated by laws and administrative regulations, the following parts within the scope of building division should also be recognized as the * * * mentioned in Chapter VI of the Property Law:

(1) Basic structural parts such as the foundation, load-bearing structure, external wall and roof of the building, public transportation parts such as passages, stairs and hallways, auxiliary facilities and equipment such as fire fighting and public lighting, structural parts such as refuge floor, equipment floor and computer room;

(two) other places and facilities that do not belong to the exclusive part of the owner, nor to the municipal public parts or other rights holders.

The land within the building division shall be entitled by the owner to the right to use the construction land according to law, except the land occupied by the whole building owned by the owner or the land occupied by urban roads and green spaces. "

To sum up, according to the provisions of the above-mentioned laws, administrative regulations and judicial interpretations, combined with the actual situation of housing design and construction and residential property, we can make the following judgments:

(a) * * Use parts: generally including the foundation, load-bearing walls, columns, beams, floors, roofs and external walls of buildings, hallways, stairwells, corridors, aisles, handrails, guardrails, elevator shafts, raised floors and equipment rooms;

(2) * * Equipment: generally including elevators, pumps, water tanks, lightning protection facilities, fire fighting equipment, corridor lights, TV antennas, generators, power distribution equipment, water supply and drainage pipelines, wires, heating and air conditioning equipment, etc.

(3) * * Facilities: generally including roads, green spaces, artificial landscapes, fences, gates, letter boxes, billboards, street lamps, drainage ditches, ponds, sewage wells, septic tanks, garbage containers, sewage treatment facilities, parking facilities for motor vehicles (non-motor vehicles), recreational facilities, fire-fighting facilities, safety monitoring facilities, civil air defense facilities and garbage transfer facilities.

Question 9: What does the community municipal engineering include? Community municipal engineering mainly includes: urban roads, bridges, drainage, sewage treatment, urban flood control, gardens, road greening, street lamps, environmental sanitation and other urban public facilities.

Municipal engineering refers to the construction of municipal facilities. In China, municipal facilities refer to all kinds of buildings, structures and equipment set up within the planning and construction scope of urban areas and towns (townships) to provide paid or unpaid public goods and services to residents based on their responsibilities and obligations. All kinds of public infrastructure supporting urban life belong to the category of municipal engineering, such as common urban roads, bridges, subways, etc., such as various pipelines closely related to life: rainwater, sewage, water supply, reclaimed water, electricity (outside the red line), telecommunications, heat, gas, etc. And the construction of squares and urban greening. , all belong to the category of municipal engineering.

Question 10: Is the infrastructure inside the community urban infrastructure? No, it's the green space in the community. The land ownership of road greening in the whole community belongs to the community and has nothing to do with urban supporting facilities.