Investigation Report on College Students' Sanatorium (1)
Practice time: June, 20** 19 to June, 24, 20**.
Internship location: * * County People's Sanatorium
Practitioner: * * *
Practice content: living conditions and emotional state of the elderly.
Practice methods: interview and snowballing.
I. Research background and significance
2 1 century, there are mainly three modes of providing for the aged in various countries: family pension, community pension and institutional pension. At present, there are two main modes of providing for the aged in China: family pension and institutional pension. However, China's aging population is accelerating, and the family size is shrinking day by day. To develop a family pension model, we should combine the characteristics of China's national conditions and build a pension model. As the core part of institutional pension, nursing home pension mode has become an inevitable choice for China's social reality and population aging development.
Demographic aspects:
1. Permanent population of the whole city: The permanent population of the whole city is 7,230,744, which is 223,256 fewer than that of the fifth national census in 2000.
2. Registered population: There are 2,056,742 permanent residents and 6,907,079 registered residents in the city, with an average population of 3.36, a decrease of 0.22 compared with 3.58 in the fifth national census in 2000.
3. Gender composition: Among the permanent residents in the city, the male population is 364114, accounting for 50.36%; The female population is 3,589,630, accounting for 49.64%. Sex ratio of the total population (female 100, male-female ratio).
4. Age composition: Among the permanent residents in the city, the population aged 0~ 14 is 165 1884, accounting for 22.85%; /kloc-the population aged 0/5 ~ 64 is 4895594, accounting for 67.438+0%; The population aged 65 and over is 683,266, accounting for 9.45%. .
Second, the research design
1. Research object
The main object of our investigation is the elderly in Dangshan County People's Nursing Home, and 23 elderly people were investigated in the nursing home. Male 12, accounting for 5 1. 1% of the total number of people surveyed, and female 1 1, accounting for 48.9% of the total number.
2. Research methods
Questionnaire survey: Based on the preliminary understanding of the life of the elderly in nursing homes and searching related literature on the Internet, an interview about the life satisfaction of the elderly in nursing homes was designed. For the team members who participated in this survey, the inquiry methods and skills were standardized and unified to ensure the authenticity and reliability of the information collected in the interview.
3. Research content
The survey interview is mainly divided into two parts: the basic situation, living conditions and satisfaction of the respondents. The basic information of the respondents includes gender, age, physical condition, family status (marital status, children), education level, previous occupation of the respondents, reasons for staying in nursing homes, sources of income of the respondents, etc. In terms of living conditions, our investigation and interviews mainly focus on leisure (entertainment environment and methods), hardware facilities, medical care and so on. Ask about the needs of the elderly and what the respondents think needs to be improved.
Third, the research results and analysis
1. Most of the respondents are 60? Most of them are 70 years old, in poor health and married.
2. There is little difference in sex ratio, with men slightly more than women; There are great differences in education, occupation and marriage.
In addition, according to the analysis of relevant data in this table, the following conclusions are drawn:
There are several reasons for the elderly to stay in nursing homes:
"I need to be taken care of because of my physical condition" (24%);
"Lack of partner" (22%);
"Reduce the burden on children" (43%);
"People who think the environment is good for the elderly" (1 1%)
Based on the above data analysis, we can draw the conclusion that the main reason why the elderly come to nursing homes is to reduce the burden on their children, and not many people really think that nursing homes have a good environment and are suitable for providing for the elderly.
Significance of life satisfaction of the elderly in nursing homes
Life satisfaction refers to the degree of subjective satisfaction when individual needs and desires in all aspects are met. The life satisfaction of the elderly in nursing homes is not only an important basis to measure the quality of life of the elderly, but also an important indicator to measure the performance of institutional pension.
1. Old people's overall evaluation of life in nursing homes
Generally speaking, the vast majority of elderly people have a high level of evaluation of their life in nursing homes. Among them, 20 of the 23 respondents are satisfied with their current life, and only 3 elderly people are dissatisfied with their current life.
2. Analysis of the elderly's satisfaction with leisure environment
The leisure activities of the elderly in nursing homes are divided into two categories: daily entertainment activities and activities organized by nursing homes. Chatting, the entertainment that the elderly occupy the longest time in a day (52%); "board games" (39%); "Fitness" (9%); There is no choice about whether there are other activities, such as the "Other" option. Both "fitness" and "entertainment" have special indoor places, which shows that the leisure activities of the elderly are relatively simple, but the leisure-related hardware facilities are relatively complete. In the investigation of the activities organized by nursing homes for the elderly, they choose to participate in activities organized by nursing homes "frequently" (22%); "Occasionally" (74%); "Very few" (4%). For those activities held by nursing homes, festivals such as "Spring Festival" and "New Year's Day" were selected (58%); "Games held" (36%); "Other" (6%) shows that the types of activities held by nursing homes are relatively simple and it is difficult to meet the more entertainment needs of the elderly.
3. Old people's satisfaction with the hardware facilities of nursing homes.
In this paper, the hardware facilities of nursing homes are subdivided into accommodation facilities and activity places. Health care facilities, fitness facilities and other four categories. Through the analysis of the satisfaction of the above four types of living environment, it is found that the elderly are most satisfied with the accommodation conditions and sanitary facilities of nursing homes; Secondly, I am satisfied with the activity places and fitness facilities of the nursing home.
In the questionnaire, many elderly people reported that in terms of hardware facilities, nursing homes have been significantly improved, including recreation rooms, chess and card rooms, gyms and rehabilitation rooms. Of the 23 people surveyed, 10 was satisfied with the fitness facilities, 8 were average and 5 were dissatisfied. The construction of hardware facilities in nursing homes provides conditions for the construction of culture and entertainment, and televisions are installed in every room. At the same time, some recreation rooms have been specially arranged as venues for entertainment activities, which have enriched the amateur cultural life of the elderly and made them feel at ease and happy.
4. Old people's satisfaction with the service content of nursing homes.
Generally speaking, most elderly people feel ordinary about the services provided by nursing homes. Nursing staff provided by nursing homes mainly clean rooms and clean tables. In our questionnaire survey, we met an old man who was paralyzed in bed, and he had to be taken care of by people in his daily life, and needed the whole care of nursing staff. The elderly are satisfied with "nursing" and "medical" services. When you get older, the demand for medical care is higher, and with the growth of age, many elderly people are more or less troubled by diseases. Therefore, they are very concerned about the service content of nursing homes, and the service content of nursing homes includes what they care about. Old people's satisfaction with diet is second. Among the interviewees, 15 were basically satisfied, with an average attitude, and only 8 were dissatisfied. Relatively speaking, the diet in nursing homes needs to be improved.
5. Elderly people's satisfaction with service quality
In this report, service quality is the only criterion to measure service quality. Among the old people surveyed, 57% were basically satisfied, 39% thought it was average, and 4% were dissatisfied.
Generally speaking, the needs of the elderly for nursing care and the sanitary environment of nursing homes can basically be met. At the same time, we also noticed that the needs of the elderly in accommodation, diet and leisure have not been met. Therefore, in investigating the needs of the elderly and where nursing homes need improvement, these are all aspects.
Four. Problems and suggestions
Question: if the nursing home has incomplete measures due to physical reasons, it will basically not go out; Drugs are too expensive, and some commonly used drugs are in short supply and have to be charged; The opening hours of fitness venues are limited, and some people complain that there are few varieties of meals in the elderly canteen and the price is high.
In view of these problems, our group discussed and put forward the following suggestions for the reference of nursing homes.
1. Increase the staff of the hospital. Let every old man be taken care of.
2. Further improve the rules and regulations of food and drug management, fully consider the needs of the elderly, further standardize the provisions on food and drug procurement, storage and price, and have corresponding accountability mechanisms and punishment measures.
3. Establish a good interaction mechanism with the elderly, understand the needs and opinions of the elderly, and ensure the smooth communication channels between the elderly and nursing homes. It is suggested that in addition to learning directly from the elderly, nursing homes can also learn from the staff around the elderly and formulate incentives for the staff who put forward their opinions and are adopted.
4. Let the state pay attention to the service for the elderly through various channels, increase the investment of teachers, improve the welfare of service personnel, build a special technical platform, and cultivate a number of educational models aimed at serving the lives of the elderly.
All of the above should be based on nursing homes with good social support networks and relatively adequate budgets. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen cooperation and exchanges with foreign countries, make full use of the media to widely publicize the work, call on the society to pay more attention to nursing homes, and strive for investment in social capital and resources. Of course, we must also strive for strong support and capital investment from the relevant departments of the country and the provinces and cities where we are located.
Investigation report of college students on nursing homes (2)
I. Basic information
Rural five-guarantee support
The total population of the town is 1.86 million, and the agricultural population is 1.84 million. There are 1.36 people in the existing rural five-guarantee conditions in the town, of which 4 1 person is centrally supported. The centralized support standard is 360 yuan/person/year, and the decentralized support standard is 250 yuan/person/year.
(2) Construction of rural nursing homes
The town has put into use two rural nursing homes, established and managed by the town government, with 64 beds and an occupancy rate of 70%. There are 6 staff members in rural nursing homes. (2 deans and 4 other managers)
(3) Other circumstances.
The utilization rate of supporting resources is good and the admission procedure is standardized. Strictly implement the procedures of individual application and township approval. Subsidize hospitals with subsidiaries, vigorously develop courtyard economy, use land and idle labor to develop small-scale aquaculture production and operation activities, and be self-sufficient
Second, the existing problems
(A) township financial pressure.
In 2008, two nursing homes were built, and the remaining project funds of more than 200,000 yuan have not been paid off, resulting in great financial pressure in towns and villages.
(2) Rural nursing homes have no organization and staffing.
Rural nursing homes have no formal organization and staffing, and are managed by old village cadres. The salary is low. Dean 1 100 yuan/year, other managers 1000 yuan/year. Without other bonuses and benefits, the staff can't devote themselves to the work of nursing homes.
(3) backward management and low quality of management personnel.
In recent years, rural nursing homes in our town have established democratic management, financial management, hospital affairs publicity, health management, safety management and other systems, but the problems such as inadequate implementation of the system are obvious. The managers have unreasonable age structure, low education level, no special training and study, and lack of professional knowledge in nursing home management. The execution and operability of the management system are not strong.
(D) low support standards and insufficient funds.
The main source of funds for nursing homes in the town is five-guarantee households, which is far from meeting the normal operation of nursing homes. It is still a drop in the bucket to really solve the problems of food, clothing, housing, medical care and burial for the five-guarantee households.
(5) The spirit of "five guarantees" is insufficient.
Public opinion has a biased understanding of nursing homes, which leads some five-guarantee households not to live in nursing homes as long as they have fields and broken houses at home, so as not to make people gossip; Social care is not enough. The object of support solves the problem of food, clothing, housing and transportation, but it is not fully integrated into the society, which leads to the eccentric character of the object and is prone to contradictions and disputes.
Three. Countermeasures and suggestions
(A) scientific planning, increase investment in construction
It is suggested that governments at all levels increase their support for nursing homes and further increase investment in infrastructure construction. Establish a new system of five-guarantee work with financial support as the focus, and improve it appropriately with economic development. Focus on establishing a long-term mechanism for the government to support the construction and development of rural nursing homes; Encourage rural collective economic organizations, social organizations and other social forces to donate money or set up five-guarantee service institutions, and gradually form a pattern that is coordinated with the socialist market economic system and develops with various forms of ownership and business models.
(two) reasonable arrangements to strengthen the organization, personnel and funds.
It is suggested that rural nursing homes run by townships (towns) should be registered as public institutions and bear legal responsibilities independently according to law. The civil affairs department put forward opinions, reported to the county personnel department for approval, and adopted the method of government spending money to purchase services, openly recruiting personnel for the society, and the wages and benefits were implemented in accordance with relevant state regulations. In addition to supporting funds, personnel salaries and management funds are fully included in the budget by the county finance.
(3) Do a good job in management and establish various rules and regulations.
The construction of nursing homes should put an end to the neglect of reconstruction. It is necessary to further establish and improve the management system of nursing homes and constantly optimize and innovate. Among them, it is particularly important to establish and improve the democratic supervision system, financial management system, hospital affairs disclosure system and health management system. Through the establishment, perfection and effective implementation of these systems, residents of nursing homes can participate in hospital affairs management extensively. At the same time, strengthen the training of rural nursing home staff and improve the management level.
(four) to create a social care atmosphere.
Organs, organizations and people from all walks of life should not only provide hardware facilities for dependents, but also pay attention to their care and help and provide necessary psychological counseling services.
Investigation Report on College Students' Sanatorium (3)
Rural five-guarantee households are the most difficult and vulnerable group among rural villagers. Strengthening the construction of nursing homes is the fundamental way to protect the rights and interests of the five-guarantee recipients, an important part of the construction of social assistance system, and a practical project that benefits the vast rural society.
First, the basic situation of the construction and management of rural nursing homes
Since 2005, the municipal government, in combination with the province's "Caring Project" plan, has adhered to the principle of "overall planning, meticulous organization, multi-party financing and simultaneous construction and management" and solidly promoted the construction process of rural nursing homes in the city, and the construction and management of nursing homes in the city have been greatly developed. At present, there are 13 hotel-style nursing homes in the city, achieving full coverage of cities and towns; Bed 2 100, centralized support 1233 people. The centralized support rate rose from 1 1.4% in 2006 to 70. 1%. Huayang Town and Baitu Nursing Home were successively rated as demonstration nursing homes in the whole province.
Throughout the construction and management of rural nursing homes in our city, the main features are as follows:
1. Attach great importance to and organize. The municipal government attaches great importance to the "popular project" and "moral project" in the construction of nursing homes, and established a leading group with the mayor as the leader, the mayor in charge as the deputy leader, and the main leaders of civil affairs, finance, construction, planning and other departments as members. Towns have also set up corresponding working institutions to ensure that the responsibilities are implemented to the people, the tasks are clearly in place, and they are linked up and down, and they perform their duties and work together to provide a strong organizational guarantee for the construction of nursing homes.
2. Overall planning and overall promotion. The construction of nursing homes in our city is strictly in accordance with the relevant provincial standards, and the level of construction is based on reaching the level of provincial civilized nursing homes; On the scale of construction, it is required to accommodate more than 70% of the five-guarantee households in this town for centralized support; In terms of functional support, efforts should be made to form a multi-functional and comprehensive rural old-age service center. According to the actual situation, we should build nursing homes by means of expansion, replacement and reconstruction, site selection and new construction, so as to make full use of resources and save construction costs.
3. Establish rules and regulations, and build and manage simultaneously. The management system and responsibilities of rural nursing homes in jurong city have been formulated and promulgated, and a series of rules and regulations have been established, such as hospital code, responsibilities of dean and waiter, financial management system, and food management system, so that the management of nursing homes has rules to follow and the degree of standardization has been continuously improved. Establish a hospital management committee, which consists of logistics group, production group, health group and safety group, with division of labor and cooperation, strengthen hospital autonomy and democratic management, and constantly improve management methods.
4. According to local conditions, it is suitable for the hospital. Nursing homes use planned vegetable fields and open spaces suitable for growing vegetables to organize elderly people with working ability to grow vegetables, raise pigs, raise chickens and other activities, and give certain subsidies to those who participate in labor. In order to help make up doctors and support hospitals, it not only increases the income of nursing homes and improves the quality of life of the elderly, but also enriches the hospital life of the elderly and enhances the residents' sense of ownership.
Two, the problems existing in the construction and management of rural nursing homes in our city
After several years of construction, the rural nursing homes in our city have developed rapidly and taken on a new look, but there is still a certain gap compared with the requirements of superiors and the needs of the people. The main questions are:
1. Insufficient personnel and weak strength. At present, the ratio of administrators to dependents of nursing homes in our city is 1: 15, which is far from the provincial target of 1: 10. Moreover, the staff members are older, with lower academic qualifications and lower quality, which affects the management and service level of nursing homes and the quality of life of the dependents to some extent.
2. The treatment of managers is low. Most of the nursing home management and service personnel are temporary workers, and their average monthly salary is around 800 yuan (the minimum wage in some towns is only 500 yuan), which is lower than the minimum monthly wage in 920 yuan, and most of them have not participated in social insurance such as endowment insurance, which affects the enthusiasm of managers and staff.
3. The existing funds can not fully meet the management needs of nursing homes. The township government is the main body responsible for the management of nursing homes, but due to its financial problems and insufficient management funds, it has become a "short board" that restricts the improvement of the work level of nursing homes in the new era.
Three, some suggestions on the construction and management of rural nursing homes in our city
1. Strengthen personnel and team management. According to the requirement that the ratio of managers, staff and dependents stipulated by the Provincial Civil Affairs Department should not be less than 1: 10, the management personnel should be fully staffed and the staff strength should be enriched. People with high political quality, enthusiastic respect for the elderly and strong organizational and leadership skills should be selected as the dean; Hire people who are responsible, compassionate, hard-working and have certain cultural knowledge and service skills as staff. At the same time, strengthen the business training and assessment of managers, and constantly improve their working ability and service level.
2. Improve the treatment of staff according to law. According to the relevant provisions of the Measures for the Administration of Rural Five-guarantee Service Institutions, "Rural Five-guarantee Service Institutions or their sponsors shall ensure that the wages of their staff are not lower than the local minimum wage, and provide them with corresponding social insurance such as pension, medical care and work-related injuries." Jurong's current minimum monthly wage standard is 920 yuan, and the salary of managers in nursing homes should be raised, which shall not be lower than this standard; And handle relevant social insurance for them, safeguard their legitimate labor rights and interests, and improve their work enthusiasm.
3. Continue to increase investment in nursing homes and actively raise funds. It is necessary to win financial support from higher authorities and actively mobilize social forces to raise funds. At the same time, according to the actual situation, vigorously develop the school-run economy and continuously improve the conditions for running hospitals.
4. Strengthen cooperation between relevant departments and increase support for nursing homes. In view of the inconvenient situation that the elderly with five guarantees are generally older, in poor health and often go to the hospital for medical treatment, the health department should provide special medical and health services for the elderly with five guarantees and carry out services regularly to facilitate the elderly to see a doctor and care. Water supply, electricity, natural gas, radio and television departments can give preferential treatment or reduction to the water fee, electricity fee, gas fee and cable TV viewing fee of the nursing home, so as to reduce the economic burden of the nursing home.
5. In-depth publicity and launch to carry forward the traditional virtues of respecting and loving the elderly of the Chinese nation. Make full use of newspapers, television, Internet and other media to appeal to the people of the whole city to offer love to the nursing homes, and form a strong atmosphere in the whole society of respecting and loving the elderly, striving to be caring and enthusiastically serving the elderly with five guarantees. Encourage citizens and students to join the volunteer service team and actively seek support and help from all walks of life for the cause of respecting the elderly.