Introduction to samba:

Samba originated in Brazil and is a folk dance. There are many kinds of samba dances from banana to Marka in the local carnival. In order to show the characteristics of samba dance, dancers must perform cheerfully, emotionally and passionately. Samba has a unique rhythm, among which it is famous for its musical instruments with Brazilian characteristics. At present, a project called Latin calisthenics has sprung up in many gymnasiums. This sport is not a simple Latin dance, but a combination of various Latin elements. After simplification and exercise, a complete concept of sports has been formed. For example, samba, cha-cha and mambo are widely used in this course, so that everyone can enjoy physical and mental pleasure in passionate music at the same time.

The origin of samba:

Samba (Portuguese: samba) is a kind of dance and music that originated in Bahia, Brazil. It originated from the ritual dance of African aborigines, was brought to Brazil by slaves sold to Brazil, and then mixed with other cultures spread to the local area, and gradually evolved into today's samba. Samba is now regarded as a symbol of Brazil, a symbol of Brazilian carnival and one of the most popular expressions of Brazilian culture. Among them, circle samba in Bahia (a samba in Rio de Janeiro) was listed in the representative list of human intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO in 2005.

Samba Festival:

The annual carnival is the best stage for samba music display. Every February and March, tourists from Europe, other parts of the world and Brazil will crowd Rio de Janeiro and El Salvador. The Rio Carnival performance is also the two most important birthplaces of Brazilian music. For most Brazilians, Rio is synonymous with samba, while for foreigners, because of the famous Rio Carnival, they often know Rio.

The development of samba;

Samba dance was originally an indigenous dance in Africa, and it was originally a ritual dance with religious color. From 16 to 18, the Portuguese brought a large number of slaves from Angola, Congo and other Africa to colonize Brazil, replacing jobs that Brazilians and indigenous people did not want to do, and slaves also brought their dances to Brazil. /kloc-In the 9th century, the roller dance of Brazilian slaves joined the transformation movement of Brazilian native dance Durham, and then joined the float parade introduced from Europe-the carnival dance step Copa cabannes, which became Zemba? Quecu, finally mixed with Brazilian dance Maxixe, formed.

Samba dance was introduced to America in 1930s, because it is interesting and lively. Later, after being trained and processed by American dance experts, it was continuously studied and improved in basic training, dance steps and arrangement, and was accepted as one of the five major Latin dance series, and officially designated as an international standard dance competition. During festivals, revelry prevails in towns in Brazil, and people will dance samba with a little improvisation, because of its bright rhythm, which is heavy and light, and soon spread all over major cities in Europe and America.

Classification of samba dance

(1) Volkswagen samba:

Dance movements are improvised by dancers according to the rhythm. Female dancers are mainly small and dexterous hip-twisting movements, while male dancers often show their dancing skills with various dexterous movements under their feet besides hip-twisting movements.

When performing, you can dance in a circle, or you can invite a man and a woman to perform in a circle, while others are still dancing in the same place. You can also lead the way alone, others line up in the back, future generations hold the waist of predecessors, and everyone twists their hips in various formations.

(2) performance samba:

The hip twisting action of female dancers is combined with the substantial changes of modeling and various footwork, and at the same time, according to

The number of dancers creates various formations, and male dancers hold various percussion instruments and dance while playing.

Rhythm and liveliness

Samba with lively rhythm usually brings great excitement to the competition, and its focus should be on good body balance and the correct distribution and application between fixed-point dance steps and zigzag moving dance steps. Generally speaking, samba is a step-by-step dynamic dance. The improved international standard Latin samba dance is different from the original Brazilian samba dance, which brings people into a carnival state, but still retains the characteristics and vitality of "carnival parade".

Samba's common musical instruments:

anibal zurdo

Five-tone Surdo comes from SambaReaggae style, but in Rio? Samba? Sourdeau is still at three basic pitches. Repinique, a high-pitched musical instrument, usually hits with two plastic drumsticks at high speed in SambaReaggae, while in Rio? Samba usually beats with a drumstick and a hand. It is the most commonly used instrument for drum leaders, responsible for convening some coordination and directing the start and end of the whole drum team.

Caixa

Using common drum sets and beating with wooden drumsticks is the basis for maintaining a stable speed of drum sets. In Rio? In samba, the pitch of Caixa is usually adjusted to a higher level, and one side of the belt is hit.

Portuguese ukulele

Often called Brazilian guitar, its size is much smaller than that of guitar, and its real size can be seen from this picture.

The cultural implication of samba;

1889, a man named Hignya Gonzaka composed a dance music called "spread your wings", and this music has become the main theme of the carnival since then. The main dance music of carnival includes team March, samba, mini March, hammering (an African percussion music), plot samba (a dance music adapted from myth, fairy tale or legend) and Florio (deftly bending legs and kicking while dancing). But people used to call all kinds of dances samba, so "samba" also became the name of carnival.

Samba celebrities:

Walter Laird and his partner Lorraine contributed the most to the integration of samba into international standard dance.

Brazilian culture

In the eyes of people all over the world, samba is the national dance of Brazil, representing the passion and artistic integration of many nationalities. Carnival is the most important festival for Brazilians. However, Brazilians did not treat samba as noble as foreigners, because the black dance brought by slaves in the16th century was classified as "indecent" and "rude" because of physical friction during dancing. Therefore, in the years before the beginning of the 20th century, if Brazilians danced samba, they would be regarded as idlers and rogues, and sometimes the police would stop them.

On the other hand, however, the dance of former blacks has religious and cultural significance. Because of the participation of Brazilian indigenous and European dance steps, it has evolved into a multi-ethnic dance, and the heroic percussion instruments it uses have deeply touched people's hearts. For the middle and lower classes in Brazil, the teasing and rhythm of dance represents the relaxation of dissatisfaction with the real society and is the medium of the relationship between men and women. However, 40 or 50 years after the international community accepted samba, its status in Brazil has been improved, but Brazil has not yet included it in the aristocratic art palace.

Summary: "Dance is the best way for human beings to express their lives". Brazilian culture minister, famous singer and songwriter Jill said: "Samba is a unique expression of Brazilian culture." The head of the Brazilian National Institute of Art and Historical Heritage pointed out that "samba" is a product of Brazilian social history and one of the mainstream dances in Brazil. "People can enjoy physical and mental pleasure in passionate samba music.