People used to swim in rivers, lakes, seawalls and outdoor swimming pools, which belonged to outdoor aerobic exercise; Nowadays, with the development of economy, indoor swimming pools have been built in many places, which can provide sun protection in summer. Especially in winter, most people like to swim in the heated swimming pool, all indoors, so swimming belongs to indoor sports.
Question 2: What is swimming? This is a relaxing exercise.
Question 3: What kind of exercise is swimming? Swimming is a whole-body exercise, which exercises cardiopulmonary function and limb coordination ability.
Question 4: What are the classifications of swimming? 1. What is practical swimming? A swimming method of great value in production and life service is called practical swimming. Such as crawl (freestyle), breaststroke, side stroke, diving, treading water (vertical stroke), water rescue and backstroke.
2. What is competitive swimming? Refers to the swimming events that have specific technical requirements and compete according to the rules of swimming competition. It can be divided into two categories: competitions in swimming pools and competitions in open waters. Such as freestyle, breaststroke, backstroke, butterfly (also known as dolphin swimming) and individual medley composed of these four kinds of swimming, as well as relay swimming competition swimming. Competitive swimming is mainly the swimming that determines the ranking by speed, and it is called competitive swimming according to the rules of swimming competition.
3. Synchronized swimming: also known as "artistic swimming". It is a competitive sports event that integrates dance, gymnastics, swimming and other items, and it has high requirements for the figure, swimsuit, headdress, music and movements. It is divided into single, double and team events. Through the movement and music of athletes' limbs on the water, it shows all kinds of beautiful movements and various forms of artistic skills, giving the masses a good enjoyment, so it is known as "water ballet".
Question 5: What is the function of swimming? Five minutes swimming is one of the most popular fitness programs. Proper swimming can not only bring people psychological pleasure, shape a smooth and beautiful figure, but also enhance the function of cardiovascular system, enhance physical fitness and improve coordination. Many sports are easy to cause strain or injury to the body, but swimming is the sports activity with the lowest strain and injury rate. Therefore, swimming is a good fitness exercise that can be exercised for life.
1. Improve the function of cardiovascular system
The cardiovascular system includes what we know as the heart, lungs and blood vessels responsible for transporting inhaled oxygen to muscle cells. Swimming needs more energy to overcome the resistance of water, so as to speed up the heart rate and increase the cardiac output. After swimming for a long time, the heart volume increases with exercise, the myocardial contraction is strong, the quiet heart rate slows down, the stroke output increases, the blood vessel wall thickens, the elasticity increases, and the efficiency of the cardiovascular system improves.
In addition, when swimming, the human body is in the supine position, and the pressure of water on the skin has a * * * effect. Therefore, the blood of limbs, especially lower limbs, flows back to the heart more easily than when standing upright on land. Moreover, the resistance of water makes it difficult for muscles to exert explosive force as on land. These characteristics are very suitable for middle-aged and elderly people to exercise, which can not only enhance their physical fitness, but also avoid accidents caused by excessive exercise.
2. Improve the function of respiratory system
One of the main characteristics of water is incompressibility. Because the density of water is more than 800 times higher than that of air, the pressure on people in water is far greater than that in air. This is also the reason why beginners have difficulty breathing in the water. As the pressure in the chest and abdominal cavity increases in water, it forces the respiratory muscles to breathe with greater strength. Therefore, regular swimming can increase the strength of respiratory muscles and improve the function of respiratory system. The most obvious example is the value of vital capacity. A swimmer's vital capacity can reach 4000 to 6000 ml, or even 7000 ml, while the average person only has 3000 to 4000 ml.
3. Improve the ability of the muscle system
Swimming is a whole-body exercise, which can mobilize more muscle groups to participate in metabolism and energy supply than other sports.
Although swimming can't build thick and bulging muscles, it can improve the strength and coordination of many muscles, especially the muscles of trunk, shoulder straps and upper limbs. Because swimming in water needs to overcome great resistance, and swimming is a periodic exercise, long-term exercise can improve muscle strength, speed, endurance and joint flexibility.
Another great advantage of swimming is the improvement of flexibility. This allows people to continue swimming when they are unable to engage in other sports activities due to age restrictions. Because swimming has a wide range of physical activities, people who swim often become more flexible and soft. Moreover, the correct swimming technique requires the muscles to stretch before the contraction force, which is conducive to continuously improving flexibility and strength.
4. Make the proportion of all parts of the body more reasonable, thus shaping the body shape.
If you often watch swimming competitions, you will definitely admire the rounded, slender, symmetrical muscles and strong figure of swimmers. Due to the influence of muscle working mode, swimmers are generally slender, with broad shoulders, flexible waist and well-proportioned figure. Maybe someone will say, I want to lose weight by swimming, why not? In fact, if you want to lose weight through exercise, you must reach a certain intensity, persist for enough time and persevere. If you only fish for three days and swim leisurely in the swimming pool for two days, of course it won't help. If you run, ride a bike or do any other exercise in this way, the result will be the same.
5. Improve the thermoregulation mechanism
Because the temperature of water is generally lower than that of air, and the thermal conductivity of water is dozens of times stronger than that of air, people dissipate heat much faster in water than in air. Regular swimming can improve the ability of body temperature regulation, so as to be more able to withstand the changes of external temperature. Especially in winter swimming, this improvement is particularly obvious.
6. Disease prevention, treatment and rehabilitation
Because the water is very cold, long-term swimming exercise can enhance the body's cold resistance and adaptability to the environment, prevent colds and other diseases, and make the body stronger day by day. Because the body lies flat when swimming, plus buoyancy, the spine can be fully stretched, which has a certain rehabilitation effect on some spine patients. Swimming can also be used as exercise prescription to treat some chronic diseases, such as chronic gastrointestinal diseases or chronic bronchial asthma. For some people who are not suitable for upright exercise, such as obesity >>
Question 6: What is the basic knowledge of swimming? Swimming for 30 minutes is a skill of floating on the water by yourself and moving forward in the water by the movement of your limbs. Swimming can be divided into competitive swimming and practical swimming. Competitive swimming is the second largest event in the Olympic Games, including butterfly, backstroke (also called backstroke), breaststroke, agile swimming (also called freestyle) and synchronized swimming.
Swimming postures are generally divided into crawl (freestyle), breaststroke, butterfly and backstroke. Crawling is the fastest, breaststroke is beautiful, butterfly is the most explosive and backstroke is the least labor-saving.
Precautions:
1. You must swim under the guidance of your parents (guardians). Swimming alone is the most prone to problems. If your companion is not a parent (adult), it is difficult to guarantee that you can get proper help when you are in danger.
People who are sick should not go swimming. Patients with chronic diseases such as otitis media, heart disease, dermatosis, liver and kidney diseases, hypertension, epilepsy and pinkeye, as well as those with colds, fever, mental fatigue and physical weakness, should not go swimming, because these patients are not only prone to aggravate their illness, but also prone to cramps, accidental coma and life-threatening. Patients with infectious diseases are easy to infect others. In addition, female students are not allowed to swim during menstruation.
Swimming warm-up
3. After taking part in strong physical labor or strenuous exercise, you can't jump into the water to swim immediately, especially when you are sweating or fever. Otherwise, it is easy to cause cramps and colds.
4, cold, illness, physical discomfort or weakness, after meals, fasting, drinking alcohol is not suitable for swimming.
5. Polluted (poor water quality) rivers, reservoirs, places with rapids, the intersection of two rivers and lakes with gaps are not suitable for swimming. Generally speaking, all rivers and lakes with unknown water conditions are not suitable for swimming. Bad weather such as thunderstorm, strong wind and sudden change of weather is not suitable for swimming.
6. It is best to experience the water temperature before entering the water. If the water temperature is too cold or too hot, try not to rush into the water. The temperature of the pool water has an influence on blood circulation, heart, blood pressure, respiration, metabolism, human skin and muscles.
7. Before launching, do warm-up activities on the shore, warm up for 10 to 15 minutes, and exercise joints and muscles in all parts. Otherwise, it is easy to cause muscle injury or other accidents if you suddenly engage in more intense activities. Lift your legs, squat, and stand up.
8. Potential hazards include leg cramps, dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, chest tightness, earache, tinnitus, abdominal pain, abdominal distension and itchy eyes.
9, prone diseases are conjunctivitis, otitis media, sinusitis, pharyngitis, contact dermatitis, allergic dermatitis, aspiration pneumonia, etc.
Question 7: Is swimming an aerobic exercise? Yes
Swimming is a whole-body exercise, which can not only lose weight, but also improve your heart and lung function and exercise almost all your muscles.
Question 8: What kinds of swimming are there? What is the difference? There are five kinds: freestyle, butterfly, breaststroke and backstroke.
Question 9: What are the benefits of swimming? The benefits of swimming to human health
Swimming, like many sports, not only has a certain therapeutic effect on many chronic diseases, but also has its unique therapeutic value. The main reasons are as follows:
(l) Swimming is an exercise in a good natural environment where sunshine, air and cold water are combined, so that all the curative effects of sunshine bath, air bath and cold water bath are concentrated on people.
(2) Swimming is a systemic exercise, so its treatment of diseases is also a comprehensive and systematic treatment. Swimming can enhance the function of human nervous system, improve blood circulation, improve digestion and absorption of nutrients, thus enhancing physical fitness, enhancing resistance to diseases and achieving good therapeutic effects.
(3) Swimming can enhance the functions of human organs and systems. Through swimming, patients with chronic diseases can enhance the functions of underdeveloped organs and systems, restore and enhance the functions of weak organs and systems, and thus treat diseases.
(4) Swimming exercise can not only cultivate sentiment, temper will, and cultivate the spirit of fighting against nature, but also enable patients to establish confidence in overcoming diseases and overcome negative psychology of fear and worry about diseases, so it is very conducive to healthy rehabilitation and treatment of diseases.
(5) Enhance myocardial function
When people exercise in water, all organs participate in it, which consumes a lot of energy, accelerates blood circulation and provides more nutrition for sports organs. The acceleration of blood speed will increase the load on the heart, make the heart beat faster and contract strongly. People who swim regularly have excellent heart function. The average person's heart rate is 70-80 beats per minute, and the stroke output is 60-80 ml. The heart rate of frequent swimmers can reach 50-55 beats/min, and the heart rate of many excellent swimmers can reach 38-46 beats/min, and the stroke output is as high as 90- 120ml. When swimming, the role of water makes it easy for limb blood to flow back to the heart and accelerate the heart rate. Long-term swimming will obviously increase the activity of the heart, contract strongly, increase the thickness and elasticity of the blood vessel wall, and increase the stroke output. Therefore, swimming can exercise a strong heart.
(6) Enhance resistance
The water temperature in the swimming pool is often 26 to 28 degrees, so soaking in water dissipates heat quickly and consumes a lot of energy. In order to supplement the heat emitted by the body as soon as possible and meet the needs of cold and heat balance, the nervous system reacts quickly, accelerating the metabolism of the human body, enhancing the adaptability of the human body to the outside world and resisting the cold. People who often take part in winter swimming are not easy to catch a cold because of the improvement of body temperature regulation function, and can also improve the endocrine function of human body, especially the function of pituitary gland, thus improving the resistance and immunity to diseases.
(7) lose weight
When swimming, the body is directly immersed in water, which not only has great resistance, but also has very good thermal conductivity and fast heat dissipation, so it consumes more heat. Like a boiled egg, the cooling rate in air is far less than that in cold water. Experiments show that the heat consumed by a person running in a standard swimming pool for 20 minutes is equivalent to running at the same speed on land 1 hour, and staying in water with 100 minutes is as high as 100 kcal, which is equivalent to being in air with the same temperature. It can be seen that water sports make many people who want to lose weight get twice the result with half the effort, so swimming is one of the most effective fitness exercises.
(8) Fitness
When swimming, people usually use the buoyancy of water to lie prone or supine in the water, so that the whole body can be relaxed and stretched, so that the body can develop comprehensively, symmetrically and harmoniously, and the muscle lines can be smooth. Exercise in water reduces the impact of the ground on bones, reduces the probability of bone aging, and the joints are not easy to deform. The resistance of water can increase people's exercise intensity, but this kind of intensity is very soft, which is different from the equipment training on land. It is easy to control the training intensity in aerobic area, and it will not grow stiff muscle blocks, which can make the whole body lines smooth and beautiful.
(9) Enhance lung function
Breathing mainly depends on the lungs, and the strength of lung function is determined by the strength of respiratory muscle function. Exercise is one of the effective means to improve and increase vital capacity. According to the measurement, when swimming, people's chest is under the pressure of 12- 15 kg. Cold water makes it difficult for people to breathe, forcing people to breathe hard, increasing the depth of breathing, and making the amount of oxygen inhaled meet the needs of the body. The average person's vital capacity is about 3200ml, and the breathing difference (the difference between the expansion and contraction of the chest circumference at the maximum inhalation and exhalation) is only 4-8 cm. Maximum oxygen uptake during strenuous exercise ... >>
Question 10: Is swimming an outdoor sport? Outdoor sports refer to outdoor sports, which are different from indoor sports, such as mountaineering, skiing, surfing, boating, equestrian, cycling, marathon and alpine diving. There are also many outdoor and indoor sports, such as track and field, gymnastics, ball games, martial arts, swimming, skating, shooting, archery, yoga, rope skipping and tug-of-war. There are many indoor sports, but they can all be done outdoors at the same time; Swimming belongs to both indoor and outdoor sports.
People used to swim in rivers, lakes, seawalls and outdoor swimming pools, which belonged to outdoor aerobic exercise; Nowadays, with the development of economy, indoor swimming pools have been built in many places, which can provide sun protection in summer. Especially in winter, most people like to swim in the heated swimming pool, all indoors, so swimming belongs to indoor sports.