pre-pregnancy preparation
1. Optimum reproductive age
For the country, couples who give birth to children 2 ~ 3 years after marriage are conducive to controlling population growth; For individuals and families, there is a buffer time after marriage, which is beneficial to the health, study and work of husband and wife, and will not be too nervous economically and mentally. Physiologically, female reproductive organs generally mature after the age of 20, and the development and maturity of bones will be around the age of 23. If you get pregnant before the bone is mature, mother and child will compete for nutrition, which will affect the mother's bone development process.
This is a good time to get pregnant.
First of all, you are in good health. Pregnancy is best arranged in a period when both sides are not nervous about work or study. Pay attention to the working or living environment before pregnancy and whether you have been exposed to substances harmful to the fetus, such as radiation and lead. You should be isolated from harmful substances for a period of time before getting pregnant. If you take birth control pills, stop taking them first, and then use tools for half a year before getting pregnant. Family economic status is also one of the issues that should be considered before pregnancy. It is best to arrange pregnancy after the family has a certain amount of savings. The choice of seasons, the renewal of everything in spring, both men and women are full of vitality. At this time, sperm and egg cells develop well; Three months after pregnancy is the period when the fetal brain and nervous system are formed. At this time, it is the crisp autumn season, which brings spiritual pleasure to pregnant women. There are also various fruits and vegetables, which provide pregnant women with a variety of nutritious foods to choose from and provide favorable conditions for fetal development. Generally speaking, late winter and early winter are the seasons that are prone to various viral diseases, such as rubella, influenza and mumps. Once pregnant women are infected, it is easy to cause fetal malformation, and pregnant in winter, when giving birth is summer, the hot weather will bring inconvenience to pregnant women and babies.
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Prepare for pregnancy ten months in advance
Release date: 2005-12/2310: 50: 55
A detailed plan can make people do things in an orderly way, and can also do things everywhere when encountering difficulties. So is wanting a baby. A detailed pre-pregnancy plan can make both husband and wife fully prepared for the arrival of a healthy baby.
Special recommendation: excellent pregnancy requires "careful preparation" before pregnancy, and five pre-pregnancy diet nursed back to health programs.
First, stage 1: 10- 7 months before pregnancy.
1, adjust lifestyle
Expectant fathers and expectant mothers must first quit smoking and drinking.
Alcohol has toxic effect on male reproductive system, which makes sperm abnormal; Expectant mothers who like to drink coffee should also limit the amount to one cup a day. As for drinks such as cola, it is best to let it disappear completely from the recipe and replace it with fresh fruit juice or vegetable juice; In addition, the prospective father had better not grow a beard, even if the beard grows on his lips, because the beard will absorb dust and pollutants in the air, enter the body through breathing, affect the internal environment of "sperm production", and may easily infect his wife when kissing his wife.
2. Comprehensive physical examination
Pre-pregnancy physical examination and assessment of one's health status are the most basic actions to safeguard women's reproductive health and cultivate healthy babies. You can go to the family planning department or gynecology department of the hospital to explain your purpose and let them guide you to do the corresponding examination. If you find a disease, you should treat it as soon as possible to avoid the adverse effects of the drugs you take on future pregnancy.
3, body temperature, semen examination
Basal body temperature is the body temperature of women when they get up in the morning and are inactive. From menstruation to ovulation, their body temperature is relatively low. At the beginning of ovulation, the body temperature rises sharply and mucus secretion is vigorous, which indicates that it is a good time to conceive. Recording for several months in a row can detect the stability of ovulation. In addition, let the husband go to the hospital, collect semen samples with the help of doctors, analyze the quantity, fluidity and vitality of sperm, and judge whether there are enough and high-quality sperm.
Step 4 be careful of pets
Take your pet to the hospital for physical examination and test Toxoplasma antibody. If it is positive, you can still stay at home. Just note that from now on, take your pet to the hospital at least once a month to ensure that 100% is safe.
5. Stay away from unsafe environment.
If you are often exposed to chemicals and ultra-strong electromagnetic waves at work, you should be especially careful during pregnancy. In particular, expectant mothers should try to avoid contact with hair dyes in their lives; It is obviously unhealthy to operate a microcomputer for more than 8 hours a day; In the office, you should leave the air-conditioned environment every three hours and go outdoors to breathe some fresh air.
The second stage: 6-4 months before pregnancy
1, actuarial ovulation date
In order to improve the pregnancy rate, it is necessary to calculate the ovulation date. That is, add 15 days to the day of menstruation. If the menstrual cycle is not accurate at ordinary times, it can also be calculated according to the method of advancing the next menstruation by 14 days.
Step 2 choose the timing of conception
Experts generally believe that it is more scientific to conceive in August and give birth in May. The cold weather in early autumn, all kinds of fresh fruits and vegetables rich in vitamins, and a large number of meat, fish, eggs and dairy products have created favorable conditions for women to ingest and store a variety of nutrients in time. In the cold winter, expectant mothers have safely passed the sensitive period when the fetus is most vulnerable to virus infection. When she was in labor, it was in late spring and early summer, and it was cool and hot, which avoided the prickly heat caused by the hot weather after the baby was born, and was also beneficial to the new mother's diet conditioning and physical recovery.
Step 3 "date" with the dentist
Teeth have a particularly important impact on pregnancy, especially when your teeth have problems such as dental caries, you should repair them in time. Because during the whole pregnancy, expectant mothers should not go to the dentist, X-ray examination, anesthetics and painkillers will be harmful to the fetus. Therefore, oral health care should be done before pregnancy, and teeth should be washed once to ensure the health of teeth, so as to avoid future troubles.
4. Start regular exercise.
Pregnancy after regular exercise for at least one month can promote the rational distribution of hormones in women; Ensure the balance of hormones in pregnant women and the smooth implantation of fertilized eggs, and promote the development of the fetus and strengthen the flexibility of the baby's body to avoid early pregnancy abortion; It can also significantly reduce the difficulty and pain during childbirth. Morning running, yoga, swimming and other forms of exercise are all good choices, and even jogging and walking every day are conducive to improving physical fitness. Exercise doesn't need intensity, but you should pay attention to persistence.
5. Develop good eating habits
Different foods contain different nutrients and different contents. Try to eat more miscellaneous foods, don't be partial to food, develop good eating habits, and ensure the health of yourself and your baby in the future.
You might as well choose some beans, eggs, lean meat and fish with high protein content in your food. Followed by iodine-containing foods such as laver and jellyfish; Foods containing zinc and copper should also be added to the diet, such as chicken, beef and mutton, and foods that help to supplement iron, such as sesame, pork liver and celery. In addition, adequate vitamins can not be ignored, such as fresh fruits and vegetables are the source of natural vitamins; In particular, folic acid can reduce neural tube malformations such as anencephaly and spina bifida. Experts generally recommend that expectant mothers supplement in advance. You can choose compound vitamin folic acid tablets specially designed for pregnant women, which will ensure safer measurement and use. If you are overweight (thin or fat), your chances of getting pregnant will also be greatly reduced. So the weight problem also needs to be adjusted in a planned way from this stage.
Step 6 change contraceptive methods
Although the harm of the new short-acting contraceptives to the mother and fetus who are pregnant unexpectedly has been greatly reduced, some contraceptives also claim that you can plan pregnancy as long as you stop taking them, but if you plan to give birth early, the doctor will advise you to stop using contraceptives about 6 months in advance and switch to physical contraceptive methods such as condoms or natural contraception.
The third stage: 3- 1 month before pregnancy.
1, adjust the frequency of sexual life
In the stage of planning pregnancy, we should appropriately reduce the frequency of sexual life. The prospective father should increase the number of exercises to ensure the quantity and quality of sperm.
2. Consider torch screening.
This is a screening of at least five intrauterine infection pathogens that may seriously endanger fetal development. It is mainly to detect the antibody level of rubella virus, cytomegalovirus, Toxoplasma gondii and herpes simplex virus of expectant mothers. According to the test results, the risk of intrauterine infection, malformation and abnormal development of the fetus can be estimated to ensure the baby's health to the greatest extent.
Stage 4: 1 month-pregnancy
After a long period of preparation, both husband and wife are in the state of giving birth to a baby, and now the final sprint stage is about to take place. This month, we should try to relax and give up all "preventive measures". In order to increase the "hit rate", choose the night that is the easiest to win the bid, and a lovely and healthy "prospective baby" may settle in your uterus as scheduled.
Six taboos of pre-pregnancy lifestyle
A bad lifestyle is an invisible "killer". Health care experts suggest that there are six taboos for a healthy lifestyle:
Avoid smoking in the morning. When people wake up, their metabolism has not returned to normal level, their breathing frequency is slow, and more carbon dioxide is accumulated in their bodies. At this time, smoking will cause bronchial spasm and contraction due to the stimulation of smoke, which will hinder the discharge of carbon dioxide, thus causing chest tightness, dizziness, fatigue and other symptoms.
Avoid drinking milk on an empty stomach. Protein in milk can only be absorbed by the small intestine after being digested into amino acids by the stomach and small intestine. Drinking milk on an empty stomach makes the stomach empty quickly. Before protein can absorb it, it will be discharged into the large intestine, which will not only waste nutrition, but also make protein rot into toxic substances in the large intestine.
Third, don't read newspapers in the toilet. When going to the toilet, people's lower and higher nerve centers participate in activities together. Many people are used to squatting for half a day with a newspaper or a book. Reading newspapers in the toilet will not only inhibit defecation consciousness, but also make the rectum lose its sensitivity to fecal stimulation, which will cause constipation over time. (Excerpt from: seeking medical advice network)
Four bogey indoor birds. Bird droppings contain parrot virus, island tuberculosis and mites. After bird droppings are crushed, viruses and germs will fly in the air. Inhalation for a long time will induce symptoms such as congestion, cough, excessive phlegm, fever, and even pneumonia and shock.
Avoid taking a hot bath for a long time. When taking a bath, hot water produces a lot of steam, and toxic substances such as trichloroethylene and chloroform attached to the water evaporate by more than 80% and 50% respectively. Some toxic substances are absorbed by the body with steam and enter the blood circulation system, which is very harmful. And taking a bath in hot water is too long, which is not good for the heart.
Six don't sleep, the window is closed. After people fall asleep, if the doors and windows are closed, indoor carbon dioxide will increase by more than 3 times in less than 3 hours, and harmful substances such as bacteria and dust will also increase exponentially. Therefore, when you sleep, you should leave some gaps in the window, so that outdoor fresh air can flow in continuously and indoor carbon dioxide can be discharged in time.
Both husband and wife should be prepared for pregnancy.
In order to ensure the happiness of individuals, families and children forever, all women can communicate with their husbands regularly or in time according to your specific situation and environment before planning to have children, understand each other's thoughts and inner state, help and support each other as much as possible, establish true feelings in the family for the same goal, and participate in emotional preparation before pregnancy.
The psychological state and emotional changes of women during pregnancy directly affect the development of the fetus in the body and the development of the personality and psychological quality of the child after adulthood. From this perspective, women's good psychological state during pregnancy not only affects pregnant women, but more importantly has a direct impact on children.
If both husband and wife want to have children as soon as possible after marriage, they must make psychological and spiritual preparations, including:
1. Accept the special changes during pregnancy: the wife's physical changes, diet changes, emotional changes, lifestyle changes and increased dependence on her husband.
2. Accept the changes in the future living space: the birth of a small life will make both husband and wife feel that their living space and freedom are smaller than before, and it will often be difficult to adapt for a while.
3. Accept future emotional changes: After the child is born, either husband or wife will consciously or unconsciously transfer their emotions to the child, thus making the other party feel that their emotions are missing or not taken seriously.
4. Accept the increase of family responsibilities and due obligations: A pregnant wife needs her husband's understanding and consideration, especially the physical labor that the wife can usually do will be transferred to her husband during pregnancy; After the child is born, the obligations of both husband and wife to the child and the family increase with the passage of time.
Once pregnancy becomes a reality, we should greet the arrival of pregnancy and delivery with a peaceful and natural attitude, treat the changes during pregnancy with a happy and positive attitude, and firmly believe that we can give birth to a little life representing the future and complete the mission of bringing him safely to this world. This is what we need to do psychologically. This kind of psychological preparation is for both husband and wife. A husband's full psychological preparation can help his wife get through every stage of pregnancy smoothly and lay a solid foundation for the child's future growth and development.
Both husband and wife should make full emotional preparations for pregnancy.
From woman to wife, from pregnancy to motherhood, all changes are natural processes of life experience. Therefore, whether it is a newly married couple or a couple who have been married for several years, whether it is a wife or a husband, as long as we accept these natural facts and processes with a natural and peaceful attitude, think with our smart brains, communicate with our life partners in time in our own way, be alert to possible problems or contradictions in each process or stage, and deal with them in time, then every couple will face everything with a very healthy attitude; Every couple will support each other and get through this stage smoothly and safely; Every couple can keep their best when they get married.
Both husband and wife should be prepared to accept the changes in the future living space: the birth of a small life often makes both husband and wife feel that the living space has become smaller.
Husband and wife should be prepared to accept future emotional changes: no matter which spouse, after the birth of the child, will consciously or unconsciously transfer their emotions to the child, so that the other spouse feels the lack or neglect of emotions.
Both husband and wife should accept the increase of family responsibilities and due obligations:
A pregnant wife needs her husband's understanding and consideration, especially the physical labor that the wife can usually do. Whether you are looking forward to getting pregnant, enjoying it, or being confused, worried or afraid of what may happen, even if you get pregnant before you have time to make any basic preparations, once pregnancy becomes a reality, you should accept it happily.
You know, pregnancy and childbirth are not diseases, but a normal physiological process, which most women have to go through. Meet the arrival of pregnancy and childbirth with a peaceful and natural attitude, treat the changes during pregnancy with a happy and positive attitude, and firmly believe that we can give birth to a little life representing the future and complete the mission of bringing him safely to this world. This is what we need to do psychologically.
Please make preparations before pregnancy to lay a good foundation for your future baby's health.
[Keywords:] pregnant baby health
A few days ago, a seminar on "vitamin supplementation during pregnancy to prevent congenital malformation" was hosted by the Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shanghai Medical Association.
In fact, experts at home and abroad have called for pregnant women to make good pregnancy planning in order to create a good reproductive space for their babies.
Have a comprehensive consideration, change some bad habits, supplement nutrition reasonably, and make good physical preparations for pregnancy.
. The ideal arrangement is that at least three months before the start of pregnancy, both husband and wife should make plans for pregnancy.
Understand the health status
In the first few weeks of pregnancy, you may not even know you are pregnant. However, during this time,
Fetal development is the most fragile, so if you want to get pregnant, you should mention it in your daily life.
Pay attention to maintenance early.
Experts attending the meeting pointed out that in the pre-pregnancy preparation work, it is first necessary to be consistent with the height within 6 months before conception.
Weigh normal weight. If I am seriously overweight or underweight, I should see a doctor and hear how to get there.
Return to normal weight. If you have a chronic disease, you must tell your doctor and listen to his advice before you plan to get pregnant.
The doctor's medication advice. Those who usually take birth control pills must stop taking them completely three months before they are ready to get pregnant.
Restore the body to a normal menstrual cycle. It is best to wait until three menstrual cycles before getting pregnant, and it is appropriate during this period.
Use other contraceptive methods.
Pay attention to nutritional supplement
As the most populous country in the world, China has a high incidence of birth defects. Test data shows that every time in China,
There are about 200,000 to 300,000 congenital malformations born in 2000, and it takes months or even years to appear after birth.
Excluding defects, the total number of children with congenital disabilities is as high as 800,000 to 6.5438+200,000, accounting for about the total number of births every year.
4%-6%。
At the seminar, Professor Ceser, a famous Hungarian geneticist, announced his first man in the world.
In a scientific experiment to prevent malformations, he educated more than 5,000 children with a special compound vitamin for pregnant women.
An 8-year-old woman conducted a clinical study, and the results confirmed that pregnant women took multivitamins from early pregnancy.
The supplement can significantly reduce more than 92% of neonatal neural tube defects, and reduce nausea, vomiting and dizziness during pregnancy.
The incidence of pregnancy reaction is about 54%, which obviously reduces the occurrence of other congenital malformations.
Therefore, in addition to regular diet and timely nutrition supplement before pregnancy, we should also take a variety of vitamins to prevent deformity.
This is also very important.
Don't overdo it.
From the beginning of preparing for pregnancy, we will blindly eat fruits and various supplements to achieve the goal of maternal and child health and safety.
. Now that living conditions are good, Shanghai expectant mothers can try their best to make up for it. According to the first lady of Shanghai
Professor Wang Defen from the Infant Health Hospital said that many pregnant women supplement nutrition blindly and excessively, and take more rest and less activities on weekdays.
Clinically, more than half of pregnant women are overweight, and pregnancy-induced hypertension and diabetes are more common.
Elephant.
It is very correct to supplement nutrition before and during pregnancy, but blindly eating a lot is aimed at it.
Neither the mother nor the fetus is well. Professor Wang introduced that the prenatal weight of pregnant women is more than usual 12.5 kg.
It's normal inside. If it's higher than this number, it's overweight, and it's likely to give birth to an overweight baby. Therefore, on weekdays,
It is best to have a regular diet and tonic under the guidance of a doctor.
Traditional ideas make most of us women become passive pregnant after marriage, so we can't discuss pregnancy planning, let alone pre-pregnancy physical exercise. After pregnancy, many women find that their bodies are not suitable for childbirth, or may affect the development of the fetus. As a result, they can only reluctantly give up what they love and terminate their pregnancy. There are countless such examples in real life, which are not only family regrets, but also bring great harm to women's health. Here, we especially remind every couple who are planning to get pregnant to pay attention to the following matters as much as possible before getting pregnant:
Lose weight:
For women who are overweight, we must make a careful weight loss plan before planning pregnancy and strictly implement it. Because obese women are prone to gestational diabetes after pregnancy, it will not only do harm to the health of pregnant women, but also cause fetal development or maternal metabolism disorder, resulting in fetal hyperinsulinemia and macrosomia.
Therefore, every woman who plans to get pregnant and weighs more than the normal standard should pay attention to reducing the intake of fat, starch and sugar food three months before she plans to get pregnant, and strengthen physical exercise or exercise so that her weight can return to the normal standard before she can get pregnant. The husband should help his wife arrange her diet reasonably, and exercise or exercise with her before pregnancy to meet the requirements of physical fitness. We believe that the babies of these couples must be smart and lovely normal babies.
Exercise:
Traditional ideas tell us that most women will try to reduce physical activity or exercise when they are pregnant. With the progress of science and medicine, more and more evidence shows that if both husband and wife can do proper and regular physical exercise and exercise for a period of time before planning pregnancy, it can not only promote the rational distribution of hormones in women, ensure the balance of hormones in women during pregnancy and the smooth implantation of sperm, and avoid early pregnancy abortion, but also promote the development of the fetus in pregnant women and the flexibility of the baby's body in the future, and reduce the difficulties and pains of pregnant women during childbirth.
At the same time, proper physical exercise can also help husbands improve their physical fitness and ensure sperm quality. Therefore, for any couple who plan to get pregnant, they should have regular exercise for a certain period of time before getting pregnant. For example, in the first three months of pregnancy, both husband and wife plan to do appropriate and reasonable exercise or related physical exercise, such as jogging, aerobics, swimming, Tai Ji Chuan and so on. In order to improve their physical fitness and lay a solid foundation for pregnancy.
Pregnancy and childbirth are the most important things in a woman's life. Most people often say this when evaluating women: "A woman can only be regarded as a complete and mature woman if she has gone through the process of love, marriage, pregnancy, childbirth and motherhood."
A large number of studies show that women's psychological state and emotional changes during pregnancy directly affect the development of the fetus in the body and the development of the personality and psychological quality of the child after adulthood. From this perspective, women's good psychological state during pregnancy not only affects pregnant women, but more importantly has a direct impact on children.
If both husband and wife want to have children as soon as possible after marriage, both sides should make psychological and spiritual preparations, including:
1. Accept the special changes during pregnancy: the wife's physical changes, diet changes, emotional changes, lifestyle changes and increased dependence on her husband.
2. Accept the changes in the future living space: the birth of a small life will make both husband and wife feel that their living space and freedom are smaller than before, and it will often be difficult to adapt for a while.
3. Accept future emotional changes: After the child is born, either husband or wife will consciously or unconsciously transfer their emotions to the child, thus making the other party feel that their emotions are missing or not taken seriously.
4. Accept the increase of family responsibilities and due obligations: A pregnant wife needs her husband's understanding and consideration, especially the physical labor that the wife can usually do will be transferred to her husband during pregnancy; After the child is born, the obligations of both husband and wife to the child and the family increase with the passage of time.
Whether you are looking forward to pregnancy, or have carefree thoughts about it, or you are confused, worried, afraid of what may happen, or even pregnant before you have made any basic preparations, even so, once pregnancy becomes a reality, you should accept it happily. You know, pregnancy and childbirth are not diseases, but a normal physiological process, which almost all women in the world have experienced or are experiencing or will experience. Meet the arrival of pregnancy and childbirth with a peaceful and natural attitude, treat the changes during pregnancy with a happy and positive attitude, and firmly believe that we can give birth to a little life representing the future and complete the mission of bringing him safely to this world. This is what we need to do psychologically. This kind of psychological preparation is for both husband and wife. A husband's full psychological preparation can help his wife get through every stage of pregnancy smoothly and lay a solid foundation for the child's future growth and development.
From woman to wife, from marriage to pregnancy, from childbirth to motherhood, all changes are natural processes and stages of life experience. Therefore, whether we are newly married couples or married couples for several years, whether we are wives or husbands, as long as we accept these natural facts and processes with a natural and peaceful mind, think with a smart brain, communicate with our life partners in a timely manner in a way that we can communicate, and be alert to possible problems or contradictions in each process or stage and deal with them in time. I believe that every couple will face what is happening in front of them with a very healthy attitude; Every couple will support each other, and it is not always smooth and safe to spend every natural stage; Every couple can keep their best when they get married.
Early pregnancy refers to the first three months after conception (that is, 12 weeks), also known as early pregnancy, which is embryonic period, so it can also be called embryonic period. Any injury during this period may affect the normal development of embryos, and even cause early abortion or congenital malformation, so it is very important to ensure the health of early pregnant women.
First of all, we should pay attention to the nature and conditions of early pregnancy women's work. Anyone who comes into contact with harmful substances, such as mercury, benzene, radiation, noise and other working environments, should apply for temporary transfer from these jobs to avoid these harmful factors at least affecting embryo development and causing teratogenesis.
Secondly, we should be happy and relaxed. People who have pregnancy reaction in early pregnancy (that is, "morning sickness") will gradually return to normal after 3 months as long as they are treated properly. In order to avoid or reduce gastrointestinal discomfort such as nausea and vomiting, we can take the method of eating less and eating more meals, pay attention to light diet, and do not eat greasy and spicy food, but we must insist on eating, otherwise it will affect the health of pregnant women and is not conducive to embryo development. Pregnant women can eat some sour food, such as bayberry, citrus, vinegar and so on. Increase appetite and help digestion. Sometimes you can take some vitamin B complex and vitamin C or calcium to supplement your nutrition. Vitamin B6 can reduce pregnancy reaction. Don't eat "antiemetic drugs", "secret recipes" and "folk remedies" indiscriminately to prevent adverse consequences.
Pay attention to avoid early pregnancy infection, especially viral infection. If pregnant women in early pregnancy suffer from rubella, it will lead to congenital heart disease, microcephaly, nervous deafness, mental retardation and so on. If pregnant women have a serious cold in the early pregnancy, it will cause fetal cleft lip, cytomegalovirus, hepatitis B virus and so on. , can lead to fetal abortion and deformity. Therefore, pregnant women in early pregnancy should pay attention to hygiene, avoid going to the streets or making house calls, avoid contact with patients, and prevent the spread of various diseases. Once you get sick, you need to see a doctor for treatment, which means you are pregnant and can't take medicine by yourself. You must follow the doctor's advice.
In addition, family members should care about early pregnant women, especially husbands should be considerate of their wives, and it is not advisable to have sex in the early stage of pregnancy, so as to avoid miscarriage and help pregnant women get rid of pregnancy reaction and get through the early pregnancy stage smoothly.