Double Ninth Festival

The ninth day of the ninth lunar month is the traditional Double Ninth Festival. Because in the ancient Book of Changes, "six" was defined as yin number, and "nine" was defined as yang number. On September 9, the sun and the moon combined with yang, and 29 was the most important, so it was called Chongyang, also called Chongyang. The Double Ninth Festival was formed as early as the Warring States Period. In the Tang Dynasty, the Double Ninth Festival was officially designated as a folk festival, which has been inherited ever since. The name of "Double Ninth Festival" was recorded in the Three Kingdoms period. According to xelloss's "Nine Days and Zhong You Book", "Year to month, suddenly September 9th. Nine is the number of yang, and the sun and the moon coincide. It is well known and considered suitable for a long time, so it is a feast. "

First of all, there is a custom of climbing mountains on the Double Ninth Festival. Autumn in September, the sky is crisp. In this season, climbing the mountain and overlooking it can achieve the purpose of relaxing body and mind, keeping fit and getting rid of diseases. The custom of eating Chongyang cake is related to mountain climbing. Gaohe cake is homophonic. As a holiday food, it was originally to celebrate the harvest of autumn grain and taste new grain. The folks have the auspicious meaning of climbing high and eating cakes step by step.

The Double Ninth Festival has always had the custom of enjoying chrysanthemums, so it has been called Chrysanthemum Festival since ancient times. September of the lunar calendar, commonly known as Chrysanthemum Month, holds a chrysanthemum party on holidays, and people from all over the city go to the meeting to enjoy chrysanthemums. Since the Wei and Jin Dynasties in the Three Kingdoms, it has become fashionable for Chongyang parties to drink and enjoy chrysanthemums and recite poems. In the ancient customs of Han nationality, chrysanthemum symbolizes longevity. The custom of inserting Evodia rutaecarpa was popular in ancient times, so it is also called Cornus Festival. As a medicine, Cornus officinalis can make wine, strengthen the body and get rid of diseases.

The ancients thought it was an auspicious day to celebrate, and they began to celebrate it from a very young age. Double Ninth Festival is a traditional festival of Han nationality, which combines various folk customs. The activities to celebrate the Double Ninth Festival generally include sightseeing, overlooking, chrysanthemum viewing, dogwood planting, double ninth festival cake eating, chrysanthemum wine drinking and other activities. Double Ninth Festival, because it is homophonic with "long", and nine is the largest number in the number, which means long life. Moreover, autumn is also the golden season of harvest in a year, and the Double Ninth Festival has far-reaching influence. People have always had special feelings for this festival. There are many excellent poems in Tang poetry and Song poetry to congratulate the Double Ninth Festival and chant chrysanthemums.

In the folk concept, the Double Ninth Festival is homophonic with "Nine Nine", which means longevity, health and longevity. 1989, China designated the ninth day of the ninth lunar month as the festival for the elderly, and advocated the whole society to establish the atmosphere of respecting, loving and helping the elderly, thus adding a new meaning to the Double Ninth Festival.

The state attaches great importance to the protection of intangible cultural heritage. On May 20th, 2006, this folk custom was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.

Double ninth festival custom

Appreciate the beautiful chrysanthemums

Chrysanthemum, also called yellow flower, belongs to Compositae and has many varieties. China is the hometown of chrysanthemum, and it has been common to cultivate chrysanthemum since ancient times. Chrysanthemum is a long-lived flower, which is praised by scholars as an unyielding symbol of chrysanthemum appreciation cream, so people love and praise it, so large-scale chrysanthemum exhibitions are often held. Chrysanthemum exhibition is naturally held in Chongyang, because the relationship between chrysanthemum and Chongyang is too deep; So Chongyang is also called Chrysanthemum Festival, and Chrysanthemum is also called Jiuhua. Chrysanthemum viewing has become an indispensable part of the Double Ninth Festival. In the Song Dynasty, "Chuluhua in Tokyo" Volume 8: "In September, everyone enjoys chrysanthemums, and there are several kinds. Its yellow and white pistils are called "Wanning Chrysanthemum", pink ones are called "Peach Blossom Chrysanthemum", white ones are called "Muxiangju", yellow ones are called "Jinling Chrysanthemum" and pure white ones are called "Xirong Chrysanthemum". It's everywhere.

In the Ming Dynasty, Tao Anmeng recorded: "The atmosphere of less gods in Yanzhou attacked the palace. Chrysanthemum viewing day, its table, its kang, its lamp, its stove, its plate, its box, its pot corner, its viewer, its cup plate, its pot, its cup, its mattress and its wine; Its pasta, its clothes pattern, all chrysanthemum people light candles at night and steam them dry, and the color is more than several layers. When the banquet is over, take off the reed curtain and expose it. "

Appreciating chrysanthemums in the Qing Dynasty, such as "Records of Yanjing at the Age of Years": "Those who spend nine flowers are chrysanthemums. On the Double Ninth Festival, a rich house with nine flowers and a hundred pots is a spacious building decorated with a front porch and a light back porch (the front porch is high and the back porch is low, and the front porch is low and the back porch is high). Those who pile up on all sides are called' Jiuhua Pagoda'. " In Jia Qinglu, I recorded the activities of enjoying chrysanthemums in Suzhou, saying, "When the chrysanthemums first opened, the farmers of Huahu dried hundreds of pots (ancient vessels with big bellies and small mouths) and carried them into the city. People buy bottles for washing, or a set of five or seven utensils, and put cooked silk in the stalk, which can really suppress the back. Or pile hundreds of pots for players in Guangting Building. Crepe paper is a mountain, no, chrysanthemum mountain. And the teahouse is particularly prosperous. " There are also records of chrysanthemum appreciation in other books, such as Jin Ping Mei and Six Chapters of a Floating Life. Today, during the Double Ninth Festival, large-scale chrysanthemum exhibitions are still organized in major parks, and chrysanthemums are tied into various animals, plants and figures, which are very beautiful.

Climb the peak

One of the most important festival activities in Chongyang is mountain climbing. Therefore, the Double Ninth Festival is also called "ascensiontide". There is no uniform rule for climbing mountains. Generally, we climb mountains and towers.

Climbing mountains as early as the Western Han Dynasty, it was recorded in the Annals of Chang 'an that people visited the Han capital on September 9th. In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, there was a famous story that "the hat fell from Longshan". According to the Book of Jin Meng Family Biography, on the Double Ninth Festival in September, Huan Wen, a fu of the Jin Dynasty, and Meng Jia, a general who joined the army, boarded Longshan (now a mountain in the northwest of jiangling county, Hubei Province). Meng Jia saw the mountain scenery and didn't know that his hat was blown away by the wind. Huan Wen let people write a composition to laugh at him, and he didn't show weakness. His essay defense was once a much-told story.

Wu Jun, a native of the Southern Dynasties, recorded a magical story in the Biography of Continuation of Qi and Harmony: Runan people visited the scenery and traveled with Fei Changfang. Fei Changfang asked his family to make crimson sacs on the Double Ninth Festival, tie the arm of Cornus officinalis, climb mountains and drink chrysanthemum wine to avoid disaster. Huan Jing complied and escaped the disaster. This story vividly reflects people's psychology of avoiding evil spirits and disasters during the Double Ninth Festival.

Of course, people climb mountains not only to climb mountains, but also to see the red leaves and wild flowers on the mountains and enjoy them by drinking and eating meat. This combination of climbing mountains and picnics is more attractive. For example, Sun Simiao in the Sui Dynasty said in the "Thousand Yue Jinfang Orders": "On the Double Ninth Festival, you must watch the wine and climb the mountain, and enjoy the autumn ambition with a feast. Wine must take dogwood and chrysanthemum, and you must drink it. " Remember that the customs of the Sui Dynasty are similar to those of later generations. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Meng Liang Lu published in five years: "The sun and the moon fly, hoping for Chongyang. ..... is the day when' Meng Jia went to Longshan to drop his hat and Yuanming went to Dongli to enjoy chrysanthemums', which is the story. " The first film of Han Yuanji's "The First Nine Days of Shuidiao Song" in the Southern Song Dynasty: "Today I am more important than nine, and I can't stand chrysanthemums. Try to find a high place and take a photo of Cui Wei hand in hand. Let your eyes shine on the pale cliffs of Wan Ren. Clouds will protect the frost at dawn, and you will know that I am coming with you. The ancient temple is leaning against bamboo, and the cornices are extremely sharp. " This paper describes the charm of chrysanthemum appreciation in Chongyang.

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Beijing area climbed quite high. "Yanjing Age" said: "The capital is called Chongyang September 9. On the ninth day of September, people carry pots and water chestnuts and climb high when they go out. There are Tianning Temple, Taoranting and Sophora japonica in the south, thrips and purification fields in the north and eight places in the far west. Poetry drinking, barbecue cake sharing, seeking a moment of fun. " No matter the literati, they all like to have a picnic and barbecue on the mountain after climbing. Some rich people take curtains, barbecues, chariots and horses, musical instruments, climb platforms and slopes, set curtains, set tables and chairs, eat fried mutton or instant-boiled mutton, sing operas, listen to songs and watch dances. For example, Empress Dowager Cixi in the late Qing Dynasty climbed mountains, had picnics and barbecues in Taohua Mountain in the east of Beihai every year, and set up a blue cloth fence to prevent idle people from peeping. There are also many climbers in Yuyuantan Diaoyutai and other places. There are also mountain climbing in the imperial garden of the Forbidden City.

Another example is Guangzhou, where there are more tourists climbing Baiyun Mountain than Yang, and drinking and writing poems is very lively and influential to this day. In Shanghai, there are no hills nearby, so it is also very lively to take the Feng Dan Tower in the south of Shanghai and the rockery in Yuyuan Garden as places to climb elegant collections. In the Republic of China, I simply boarded a 24-story international hotel. Modern Beijing Xiangshan, Shandong Niu Shan, Jiangxi Nanchang Wangtengting, etc. It is also a high-altitude holiday resort. Wang Tengting, in particular, is famous all over the world because Wang Bo wrote "Preface to Wang Tengting" on the pavilion during the Double Ninth Festival in the Tang Dynasty. As for the Dai Li Tai on Longshan Mountain in Jiangling, Hubei Province, the Dai Li in memory of Meng Jia in the Jin Dynasty also attracted many tourists.

Because the Double Ninth Festival is an autumn festival, flowers and trees begin to wither after the festival, so there is a saying that the double ninth festival is called "tattoo", which corresponds to the saying that the spring outing in March is called "outing". In the Qing Dynasty, Pan Rongbi wrote in Ji Sheng during the reign of Emperor Jing: "(Chongyang) has a cure and drinks in the suburbs all day, which is called' tattoo'." This is also a poetic name.

There are different opinions about the origin of climbing custom:

One theory may come from the worship of mountain gods in ancient times, thinking that mountain gods can save people from disasters. Therefore, people should go to the mountains to play on the Double Ninth Festival to avoid disaster. Maybe it started as a sacrifice to the mountain gods for good luck, and then it gradually became an entertainment. (In ancient times, it was thought that "nine is Lao Yang, and the anode must change". On September 9th, Lao Yang's figures were in the same month and the same day, which was unlucky. Therefore, a series of activities to avoid evil and seek longevity have evolved, which is not the number of "suitable longevity" that Wei Wendi Cao Pi said. This is the viewpoint in Five Chopsticks, which is produced by Ming metabolism.

By the Double Ninth Festival, the autumn harvest has passed and farming is relatively idle. At this time, Shan Ye's wild fruits and medicinal materials are in the mature season, and farmers have gone up the mountain to collect wild fruits, medicinal materials and plant raw materials for sideline production. This kind of gathering in the mountains is called "small autumn harvest" by farmers. The custom of climbing mountains may have evolved from this at first. As for the day of Chongyang, it was later. That means treating it as a symbol from the beginning to publicize its function, just as it is suitable for planting trees in spring, so people hold an Arbor Day. In addition, during the Double Ninth Festival, the weather is sunny and the temperature is cool, which is suitable for climbing high and looking far.

Pei dogwood praised chrysanthemum

The Double Ninth Festival has the custom of worshipping Cornus officinalis, so it is also called "Cornus officinalis Festival". Cornus officinalis is an important symbol of the Double Ninth Festival. People also like to wear chrysanthemums on the Double Ninth Festival. Cornus officinalis is nicknamed "evil-ward Weng" and chrysanthemum is also called "longevity-prolonging guest". Peidogwood

Cornus officinalis is a kind of fruit that can be used as medicine. Because the quality of Cornus officinalis produced in Wudi (now in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces) is the best, it is also called Evodia rutaecarpa, also called Moongum or Dwarf. It is a small evergreen tree, which can grow to more than ten feet high, with pinnate compound leaves and green and white flowers in early summer, as strong as pepper seeds. Mature after autumn. The fruit is yellow when tender and purple when ripe, which has the effects of warming the middle warmer, relieving pain and regulating qi. Cornus officinalis leaves can also cure cholera, and roots can kill insects. Compendium of Materia Medica says it is spicy and fragrant, warm in nature, and can cure cold and drive away poison. The ancients believed that wearing dogwood could ward off evil spirits and eliminate disasters.

The custom of worshipping dogwood on the Double Ninth Festival was very popular in the Tang Dynasty. People think that inserting dogwood in the Double Ninth Festival can take refuge and eliminate disasters. Or wear it on your arm, or make a sachet, put Cornus officinalis in it, called Cornus officinalis bag, and some are inserted in your head. Most of them are worn by women and children, and in some places, men also wear them. Ge Hong's Miscellanies of the Western Classics in the Jin Dynasty recorded that Kaunus participated in the Double Ninth Festival. Besides wearing dogwood, people also wear chrysanthemums. This happened in the Tang Dynasty and has been popular since ancient times. In the Qing Dynasty, the custom of Beijing Double Ninth Festival was to stick chrysanthemum branches and leaves on doors and windows to "eliminate evil and filth, and make money and treasure". This is the vulgarization of the chrysanthemum on the head. In the Song Dynasty, some people cut ribbons into dogwood and chrysanthemum and gave them to each other.

In fact, the dogwood of Chongyang is similar to the realgar and calamus of Dragon Boat Festival, with the purpose of expelling insects and preventing moth. Because it was Koharu in October after the Double Ninth Festival, the weather warmed up for a while; Some time before Chongyang, the autumn rain was wet, the autumn heat had not subsided, and clothes were easy to get moldy. This time is the time when osmanthus is in full bloom, so people call it "osmanthus steaming", so it is necessary to prevent insects at this time. Cornus officinalis is a little poisonous and can kill insects. This is how the custom of making dogwood capsules came about.

However, after the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the custom of Peidogwood gradually became scarce. The reason for the change is probably the shift of the center of gravity of the Double Ninth Festival. In early people's time life, Chongyang emphasized avoiding evil spirits and eliminating disasters. With the improvement of people's living conditions, people not only pay attention to the current real life, but also give more expectations to the future life and pray for longevity and continuity. Therefore, the status of "longevity-prolonging guest" (chrysanthemum) has finally overshadowed the "evil urn" (dogwood).

kite

Putting paper owls is the main custom of Huizhou people to celebrate the Double Ninth Festival. In other words, the folk Double Ninth Festival in Huizhou is mainly characterized by paper flying kites. This habit is not only described in folk songs circulating in Huizhou, but also described in Guangxu's Huizhou Fu Zhi. kite

Paper harriers are kites now, too. Kite is the title after the Five Dynasties. Five dynasties ago, the north used to call it a "paper kite" and the south used to call it a "kite". The appellation of "paper kite" in Huizhou obviously retains the ancient appellation of five dynasties ago, and has the flavor of "a mixture of north and south".

Kites began to appear in the Spring and Autumn Period, and the earliest types were birds. Legend has it that it was a public disaster (Luban). He "cut bamboo into cranes and flew them" and "made a wooden kite to see Song Cheng". The "bamboo magpie" and "wooden kite" here are the prototypes of kites. But there was no paper at that time, so it could only be made of bamboo. The notes of the Qing Dynasty said that "Han Xin led a hundred thousand troops to besiege Xiang Yu in Gai, made kites out of cowhide, and the piper played homesick songs, and the 8,000 disciples of the Chu army were scattered". The kites in the Han Dynasty mentioned here are only kites made of cowhide. After the advent of papermaking in Cai Lun in the Eastern Han Dynasty, paper kites appeared, and names such as "paper kite" and "kite" appeared. The appearance of the name "kite" was recorded in the Five Dynasties. In Xuncao Record, it said: "Kite, that is, paper kite, is also called wind kite. At the beginning of the Five Dynasties, Ye Li made a paper kite in the palace, guiding the way to collect wind for the play, and then taking bamboo as the flute of the kite head, so that the wind entered the bamboo and sounded like A Zheng, which was called a kite. " After the Tang Dynasty, kites prevailed, and Tomb-Sweeping Day was designated as the Kite Festival. After the Song Dynasty, kites became popular among ordinary people. Since then, the shape of kites is no longer limited to birds such as magpies, kites and harriers, but insects, fish and gods. After the Ming and Qing Dynasties, kite making has become a very exquisite handicraft art.

Huizhou folk paper owls have changed their original appearance, mostly with a square plane and a tail, and their shapes are similar to those of the door gods and deities attached to the folk, so it is suspected that they are a simplification of the god kite. In Huizhou folk, rubella is extremely simple to produce. Take a curved bamboo and a vertical bamboo, take a square piece of paper, attach a tail and adjust the line, and then fly. There is a kind of square paper with no tail, which is slightly larger and called "Grandma Owl", which is named after its slow and steady flight.

In addition, other shapes of paper owls are occasionally found.

On the Double Ninth Festival, people often fly kites in the street and on high benches in the wild. Both children and adults are spectacular.

According to the traditional custom of our country, flying kites is mostly in Qingming. The paper owl on Chongyang is a unique folk custom in Huizhou. The reason is hard to know. However, judging from the southern climate of Huizhou, the time seems to be quite suitable. Before and after the rainy season in Tomb-Sweeping Day, the spring rain continued. This time is obviously not suitable for paper owls. However, it is crisp in autumn and windy around the Double Ninth Festival, so people have to climb mountains and do outdoor activities according to traditional customs. Putting paper owls at this time is suitable for the right time and place.

Eat Chongyang cake

Besides drinking dogwood, chrysanthemum wine and eating chrysanthemum, Chongyang has many ways of eating, the most famous of which is eating cakes. It is especially windy to eat Chongyang cake in the north. Chongyang cake

According to Xijing Miscellanies, in the Han Dynasty, September 9th was the custom of eating Peng bait, which was the original Double Ninth Festival cake. The bait is an ancient cake. "Zhou Li" has bait for sacrifice or banquet. There were millet cakes in the Han Dynasty, which may not be far from today's cakes. Peng bait, presumably similar to millet cake and so on. In the Song Dynasty, eating Chongyang cake was popular. Cake is homophonic with Gao, and eating cake is for good luck, so it is favored by people.

Chongyang cake, also known as flower cake, chrysanthemum cake and five-color cake, can be made at will, including "coarse flower cake", "fine flower cake" and "money flower cake".

Stick some coriander leaves as a sign, and put some rough dried fruits such as olives, dates and walnuts in the middle; There are three or two layers of fine flower cakes, each with fine candied dried fruits, such as preserved apples, peaches, apricots and dates. Money flower cake is basically the same as fine flower cake, but smaller, just like "money", which is mostly the food of the upper nobility.

It is said that in the early years, people did not put dates and chestnuts on flour cakes, or sticky cakes made of steamed glutinous rice and yellow wheat, which looked like "gold-plated" and "silver-plated" flower cakes.

There are poems describing the making of Chongyang cake:

Cai Yun:

The bonfire is ringing and the machine is busy at night.

As soon as the weaver drinks Gordon's wine,

It's still a storm,

The smell of steamed jujube cakes is everywhere in the shop.

It was the original intention of the ancients to make cakes at dawn on September 9. The child put a cake on his head and said a word in his mouth, wishing the child all the best. Exquisite Chongyang cake should be made into nine layers, like a pagoda, with two lambs on it, which conforms to the meaning of Chongyang (sheep). Some people even put red paper flags on Chongyang cakes and light candles. This probably means "lighting a lamp" and "eating cakes" instead of "climbing", and using a red paper flag instead of dogwood. At present, there is still no fixed variety of Chongyang cake, and the soft cakes eaten around Chongyang Festival are called Chongyang cakes.

Chongyang cake is not only eaten at home, but also fed to relatives and friends, called "sending cake"; I also invited my married daughter to have a cake at home and called it "Ying Ning".

Drink chrysanthemum wine

Chrysanthemum, a famous flower in China, is also a famous flower with long life. During the first frost, only this kind of grass flourished. Because of its unique character, chrysanthemum has become a symbol of vitality.

As early as Qu Yuan's pen, there was a saying that "the autumn chrysanthemum leaves the English for dinner", that is, eating chrysanthemum petals. Chrysanthemum wine existed in the Han Dynasty. Wei Shi once gave chrysanthemum to Zhong Wu in Chongyang, wishing him a long life. Ge Hong of the Jin Dynasty recorded in Bao Puzi that there was a family in Nanyang Mountain, Henan Province, who lived a long life because of drinking the sweet valley water full of chrysanthemums. In Liang's "Picking Chrysanthemums", there is a saying that "under the east fence of picking chrysanthemums, picking pearls tells each other, and the morning dew is wet", which is also a move of picking chrysanthemums to make wine. Until the Ming and Qing Dynasties, chrysanthemum wine was still very popular, and it was still recorded in Gao Lian's Eight Chapters of Respect for Life in the Ming Dynasty. This is a popular health drink.

On the Double Ninth Festival, China has the traditional custom of drinking chrysanthemum wine. Chrysanthemum wine, in ancient times, was regarded as the "auspicious wine" that Chongyang must drink to eliminate disasters and pray for blessings.

Chrysanthemum wine brewing in China was popular as early as the Han and Wei Dynasties. According to "Miscellanies of Xijing", "Chrysanthemums are suitable, stems and leaves are harvested, and miscellaneous millet is brewed. If you cook it on September 9 next year, you can drink it immediately, so it is called chrysanthemum wine. "

Tao Yuanming of Jin Dynasty also said that "wine can cure all diseases and chrysanthemum can cure aging". Later, drinking chrysanthemum wine gradually became a folk custom, especially on the Double Ninth Festival. "The Chronicle of Jingchu" records that "on September 9th, Pei Yun ate lotus ears and drank chrysanthemum wine, and lived a long life."

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, chrysanthemum wine was added with a variety of herbs, and the effect was better. The preparation method comprises juicing Flos Chrysanthemi, brewing with yeast and rice, or adding Radix Rehmanniae, Radix Angelicae Sinensis and Fructus Lycii.

Chrysanthemum wine has high medicinal value, because it can disperse wind and heat, nourish liver and improve eyesight, diminish inflammation and detoxify. Li Shizhen, a medical scientist in the Ming Dynasty, pointed out that chrysanthemum has the efficacy of "treating head wind, clearing eyes and ears, removing fistula and treating all diseases".

In ancient times, chrysanthemum wine was specially brewed for the Double Ninth Festival in the first year. On September 9th, the budding chrysanthemums and a little green branches and leaves were picked, mixed with grain for brewing, and then used together to make wine for drinking on September 9th of the following year. It is said that drinking this wine can prolong life. From a medical point of view, chrysanthemum wine can improve eyesight, cure dizziness, lower blood pressure, lose weight, lose weight, tonify liver qi, regulate stomach and nourish blood. This is a festive season, autumn is crisp, chrysanthemums are in full bloom, and the windows are golden. In addition to climbing the mountain and inserting dogwood, relatives and friends also invited each other to drink chrysanthemum wine and enjoy yellow flowers. They really had a good time. Poets, in particular, admire chrysanthemums, drink wine and recite poems as a reward, leaving many good sentences for future generations.

Because of chrysanthemum wine, Chongyang became bacchanalia who offered sacrifices to Dionysus. For example, according to the introduction of "Shandong Folk Double Ninth Festival", Shandong Brewery worships the god of jars on the Double Ninth Festival, and the god of jars is Du Kang. In Maotai Town, Renhuai County, Guizhou Province, medicinal materials are used to make wine every year. Legend has it that good wine is brewed because of the strength of 1999 Yang. Whenever the wine is brewed for the first time, the boss lights incense sticks at the place where the "God of Du Kang's Ancestor" is affixed, and places offerings to pray for the smooth brewing (see "Folklore of China Taking Britain"). In Ningyuan, Hunan Province, on September 9th every year, "chong yang wine must compete for wine celebration". These customs show that Chongyang has a deep relationship with wine.

[Edit this paragraph] Before and after the Double Ninth Festival

In addition to the above common customs, there are some unique festivals in various places.

The Double Ninth Festival is the harvest season in northern Shaanxi. There is a song that says, "In September, the Double Ninth Festival will be held, so the autumn harvest is busy. Xiaomi, Xiaomi, go up and up. " The Double Ninth Festival in northern Shaanxi is in the evening, and one day is a whole day of harvesting and threshing. In the evening, in the treetops, people like to eat buckwheat noodles and instant-boiled mutton. After dinner, people go out of their homes in twos and threes, climb the nearby hills, light fires, talk about the land, and wait until the chickens crow before going home. When climbing mountains at night, many people will pick some wild chrysanthemums and put them on their daughters' heads to ward off evil spirits. In Puxian, Fujian, people follow the ancient custom of steaming nine layers of Chongyang rice fruit. In ancient China, there was a custom of "eating bait" on Double Ninth Festival, which is today's cake and rice fruit. Jade Candle Collection in Song Dynasty said: "Those who drink chrysanthemum wine after the ninth eclipse will harvest millet and glutinous rice at that time, and taste new things because of their sticky taste, thus becoming a habit." Song Zuqian, a poet of Puxian in the early Qing Dynasty, said in "Nine Songs of Fujian": "When you smell the festival near Chongyang, you are shocked to hear the wild incense, and you can pick up the wild incense with your hand basket. The jade pestle is smashed into green powder and the pearl is called Langwei. " Since modern times, people have transformed rice fruit into a unique nine-fold rice fruit. Wash high-quality late rice with clear water, soak it for 2 hours, take it out and drain it, mix it with water and grind it into slurry, add alum (dissolved in water) and stir, add brown sugar (boiled with water to make a thick sugar solution), then put it on a steamer, spread a clean cooking cloth, then scoop in rice slurry for nine times, steam for a few minutes and cook it out, and coat peanut oil on the rice noodles. This rice fruit is divided into nine layers, which can be uncovered and cut into water chestnuts. Four sides are distinct and translucent. It is sweet, soft and delicious, and it doesn't stick to teeth. Respect for the elderly is the best gift for Chongyang.

In some places, people also have the opportunity to climb mountains, sweep graves and commemorate their ancestors in Chongyang. Puxian people worship their ancestors in Chongyang more than Qingming, so there is a saying that there is a small Qingming in March and a big Qingming in September. Due to the coastal area of Puxian, the ninth day of September is also the anniversary of Mazu's ascension to heaven. Villagers often go to the Tianhou Palace and the Palace Temple in Mazu Tempel or Meizhou to pray.

Double ninth festival poetry

On Zhang (Meng Haoran) in Autumn Country-specific Mountains

Facing the white Yun Qi Fu Feifei on the mountain ridge, I can enjoy myself as a hermit. Now, when I climb this mountain to see you, my heart flies high with the geese.

Sadness is often the mood of dusk, and the mood is often the atmosphere of autumn. Tourists come to the village on the mountain, walk across the beach, sit at the ferry and have a rest.

The forest in the distance is like a shepherd's purse, overlooking the river bank like a crescent moon. I hope you will pick me up, bring a basket of wine and get drunk on the Double Ninth Festival.

Passing the village for the aged (Meng Haoran)

This old friend prepared a delicious meal and invited me to his hospitable farm. Green Woods surround the village and green hills are located outside the city.

Open the window facing the valley vegetable garden and pass the glass to talk about crops. Please come here to see chrysanthemums when the ninth festival comes.

Gordon (Du Fu)

The wind is fast and high, the ape cries sadly, and the birds are circling in the white sand. The endless trees are rustling leaves, and the Yangtze River is rolling unpredictably.

Li in the sad autumn scenery, a wanderer all the year round, lives alone on the high platform in today's illness. After all the hardships and hatred, the white hair is full, and the wine glasses are damaged.

September 10th (Li Bai)

I climbed the mountain yesterday and lifted it today.

Chrysanthemum is too bitter, and it is the Double Ninth Festival.

A Song of Lu Jinshan's Imperial History Lu Xuzhou (Li Bai)

I am like a chariot catcher, singing phoenix songs and laughing at Kong Qiu.

Holding a green jade stick in his hand, he bid farewell to the famous Yellow Crane Tower early in the morning.

All five holy mountains, no distance, according to a constant habit in my life.

The beautiful Lushan Mountain is straight up in the south, the clouds are scattered like beautiful clouds, and the lake and mountain shadows reflect each other.

As its shadow in Crystal Lake deepens the green water, Jinmen enters two mountains.

A silver stream flows down from three stone bridges and you can see a huge tripod waterfall.

Cliffs and winding paths lead to the blue sky.

The morning glow is red in Cui Yun, and the birds fly and grow.

I climbed to the top. I look around the world, and I see a long river of no return.

The sky is grey and windy, and the river flows like a snow-capped mountain.

I like singing for the majestic Lushan Mountain, which thrives because of its scenery.

When looking at the stone mirror to purify the soul, Xie Lingyun's footprints were covered with moss.

I will take the elixir of life to eliminate the world and practice the three Dan and three products.

Watching immortals in colorful clouds, holding hibiscus in hand.

Immortals have met in nine days, and I hope to see you invite me to visit Taiwan.

Vacation in the mountains reminds me of my brother (Wang Wei) in Shandong.

I am a lonely stranger in a strange land, and I miss my family more often during the holidays.

When I think of my brothers' bodies climbing high, I will feel a little regret for not being able to reach me.

On the 9 th, Qishan climbed high (Du Mu)

On the river, the geese just flew south, and they made friends with wine and hip flask mountain.

Laughter makes people laugh, when chrysanthemums are in full bloom.

However, I will try my best to pay for the festival, and I won't hate it when I board the plane.

After all, life is a short history, so why do you cry like Qi Jinggong?

White Chrysanthemum at Chongyang Banquet (Bai Juyi)

The garden is full of flowers and chrysanthemums, and solitary frost is among them.

Just like today's singing and dancing seats, Pulsatilla entered the juvenile court.

On September 9th, I visited Xuanwu Mountain (Shandong).

Looking at the mountains and rivers on September 9, looking at the wind and smoke.

In another country, drinking Jinhua wine, Wan Li shares the same sorrow with Hongyan.

Shuzhong Jiuri (Wang Bo)

On September 9, at Wangxiangtai, he sat in a farewell cup.

Human feelings are tired and bitter in the south, and Hongyan is from the north.

Nine days' work (Wang Jin)

Don't compare the border with Kyoto, the frost grass has withered in August.

I wonder if there will be chrysanthemums in the wine today?

9th (Yang Heng)

Yellow flowers and purple chrysanthemums fall on the edge of the fence, and the chrysanthemums are full of wine and fragrance.

I can't bear to look forward to my hometown today, but I am forced to join the crowd.

On the ninth day, Feng He was lucky enough to climb the height of Lin Weiting (Wei Anshi).

On the ninth festival, you must take action.

The golden wind flutters chrysanthemums, and the jade dew weeps dogwood branches.

Looking eight miles away, there are seven wonders in astronomy.

A deep face should be in front of you, so don't forget the danger.

Tasha Tour (Xin Qiji turned to Hong Kong to drink the lake the night after Mid-Autumn Festival)

Jathyapple Loutai, Chou-heung Courtyard, people come and go cheerfully. Who is sad when autumn comes? Song Yu was so sad!

Divide cups and plates, sing and dance at leisure, and ask him what's so sad about? It's also sad to think about it. It's rainy and windy on the Double Ninth Festival.

Drunk Flower Shadow (Li Qingzhao)

The fog is thick and the clouds are light, and it will always be sad. The brain sells golden beasts.

Double Ninth Festival, lying in bed, in the middle of the night, the cold on my body has just been soaked.

Dongli drinks until dusk, and faint chrysanthemum fragrance overflows his sleeves.

Don't get carried away, the curtain rolls west wind, people are thinner than yellow flowers!

Drunk and drunk (Guan Hanqing)

Poems on the red leaves make it resist the emotional baggage, and people in chrysanthemums lie in the songs upstairs.

The shadows of wild geese in the sky are thin, and the moon is thin at sunset.

In the cold autumn, willow trees are chilling and sad.

Who will teach white clothes to deliver wine?

Ninth (Vinson)

After three years, I was not at home when it was opened.

When is today's wine, suddenly it has become the flower of the old garden.

Wild clouds connect trees, and wild geese gather sand in cold.

Boarding Infinity, where is Wangjing China?

Cai Sangzi Chongyang (Mao Zedong)

Life is easy to get old, but it is hard to get old.

Today is Chongyang, and the yellow flowers in the battlefield are particularly fragrant.

The annual autumn wind is strong, unlike spring,

Better than spring, just like Wan Li frost on the vast river.

Chongyang (Wen Tianxiang)

Wan Li's nunnery falls, and the old phoenix tree is in his hometown in autumn.

Yanqi crescent moon is full of rivers and lakes, and it is not lonely in the sunset.

Fallen leaves have no intention of standing still, and yellow flowers are more westerly without owners.

How much do you know about Gan Kun's resentment? Longshan the day before yesterday was like a dream.

No.9 Crossing the River (Li Dongyang)

The autumn wind at the estuary is listening to the bell ringing, and the guests from far away have little chance to return.

The river has dried up for thousands of years, and it has been windy for hundreds of years.

The trees are floating in color, and the mountains on the city surround Jiankang.

Appreciate the fact that the state is farther east, and the lights stay overnight.

Reward the work of No.9 Stone (Gu)

It was the day when we were scared to death, and we looked at each other.

Keep your arms around selling muddy wine and worry about seeing yellow flowers.

Heaven and earth are magnificent, and mountains and rivers read temple flowers.

Thousands of miles away, eviction becomes homeless. [3]