According to the biography of Hua Tuo in the Three Kingdoms, he once said to his disciple Upp, "The human body should not be extreme if it wants to work. Shake it, the valley gas will disappear, the blood will circulate, and the disease will not be born. For example, it is immortal. It is guided by ancient immortals, cared by the bear's neck, and it is not easy to get old. "
His theory of guiding health preservation conforms to scientific principles, is original in the medical history of China, and is the ideological basis of correct sports in ancient China.
Hua Tuo's viewpoint and proposition of "moving to preserve health and moving to get rid of diseases" is the essence and core of his guiding theory. In his long-term sports practice, he devoted himself to studying and summarizing the experience of predecessors' guidance, and on the basis of extensively absorbing all kinds of guidance experience, he created five animal forms of the Five Birds Play, imitating tigers, deer, bears, apes and birds respectively. From the content point of view, the five animal forms and movements in Five Birds Play have their own characteristics and functions. For example, the tiger play in Wuqinxi imitates the tiger's bravery and strength to increase its strength; Deer show imitates the galloping of deer, turns around and makes the waist and legs flexible. Bear play imitates bear lying and rolling to dredge blood vessels; Ape play imitates the crawling and jumping of apes and is sensitive to the body; Bird play imitates the wings of birds and flies high to please the mood. Judging from the exercise movements of Wuqinxi, most of the movements are carried out on the ground, with a large amount of exercise. Although it is a set of health gymnastics with the main function of fitness and disease prevention as well as medical function in form, Hua Tuo said that "getting up is a bird play, sweating profusely", which shows that he does not necessarily require people to complete the whole set of movements, but requires exercisers to selectively do exercises suitable for them according to their physical conditions. It is said that Wu Pu, a disciple of Hua Tuo, insisted on practicing Wuqin Opera. By the age of 90, he was still hearing and seeing, and his teeth were complete.
5. China ancient people's health concept of combining static and dynamic.
Is the regimen dynamic or static? China ancient people's concept of health care has long given a clear answer: "peace of mind without fear, hard work without fatigue." Sun Simiao, a medical scientist in the Tang Dynasty, thought that "the way to cultivate one's morality lies in diligence". Confucianism calls it "the longevity test for the quiet." In a word: "Be calm and move" means to be calm and move more.
The ancients said, "Running water does not rot, the householder does not gnaw" and "If a horse does not walk straight, the car will rot if it does not drive". Health lies in exercise. All kinds of exercises, such as aerobics, disco and Tai Ji Chuan, can promote human metabolism, enhance physical fitness and prolong life. If you sit, study and work, and spend more time at your desk, your body will not exercise often, and your muscles and joints will be wasted. In the long run, people will have backache before they reach middle age, and other physiological functions will age early. Therefore, the ancients said that "the body should always move, the waist should always shake, the chest should always stand, the abdomen should always close, and the limbs should always shake." If you can swim in summer, jog in winter, climb mountains often in spring and autumn, and do radio exercises every day, it would be more ideal. It is worth mentioning that there should be enough exercise, not the more the better. The ancients said, "If you move too much, you will lose something." If you move, you must "work hard and not suffer."
The views of ancient China people have been verified by modern science.
After a systematic study of 5000 dead athletes abroad, it is found that most of them live shorter than ordinary people. Fix, the famous author of Run, died in an overloaded run.
Therefore, exercise should be enough to be "tired and tireless". Recently, foreign countries advocate "low-level exercise", believing that it is good for health to consume 2000 calories from exercise every week.
Researchers from Harvard University and Stanford University in the United States have studied more than 17000 people for 16 years. The results show that people who participate in low-level exercise have a lower mortality rate of cardiovascular diseases than those who do not exercise, and their average life expectancy is 4 to 5 years.
It is estimated that fast walking 1 hour can consume 400 to 500 calories, and walking for about 40 minutes every day can meet the requirements of low-level exercise.
The ancients also believed that keeping one's mind at peace, keeping one's mind at peace: "The mind is the monarch, the God is the Tao", "Peace after peace", "Those who are quiet live long, and those who quarrel die". Therefore, the heart should always be quiet, condensed but not refined. Modern physiologists have found that people's nervous tension is relaxed in a "rest" state, and their breathing, heart rate, blood pressure and body temperature are reduced accordingly. This cumulative effect of low metabolism naturally prolongs life expectancy. Since ancient times, many people have been "resting" for life, and seldom do strenuous exercise, such as writers, painters, scientists, flower farmers and people with long life. Some diseases, such as neurosis and insomnia, need exercise assistance, while more diseases, such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, pneumonia, ulcer and tumor, need rest assistance. The ancients said: "The tortoise and crane prolong the year" means that the tortoise is mostly dormant and is the least active animal; Cranes love to be alone, fly softly, but have a long life. Therefore, when studying and working, concentrate on your career wholeheartedly; After 8 hours, you should learn skills, such as piano, chess, books, painting, planting trees and flowers, to pin your spirits. This is a good way to nourish the heart.
The experiment of Harvard University in the United States proves that people can have "consciousness deformation" when they are "resting", which can lower their blood pressure. Modern psychosomatic medicine research shows that at rest, mental relaxation can change the physiological and biochemical state in the body, slow down the heartbeat and breathing, reduce muscle tension and oxygen consumption, and at the same time reduce blood lipids. Therefore, today's scholars have regarded "rest" as a way to get rid of illness and prolong life. Qigong exercise in our country is a combination of static and dynamic health preservation, which needs to eliminate all distractions, achieve spiritual peace, and then adjust various functions of the body.