Shaolin Temple was built in the 19th year of Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty (20th year of Taihe), located at the foot of Wuru Peak at the northern foot of Shaoshi Mountain in Song Yue, Dengfeng County, Henan Province. With regard to the origin of Shaolin Boxing, the History of Sports in China published in 19 19 recorded that the eighteen arhats created by Dharma were the origin of Shaolin Boxing in later generations, while the Textual Research on Shaolin Wudang published in 1930 was considered as "false" and "unbelievable" after several textual researches. This controversy has been inconclusive for a long time. Dharma, also known as Dharma, is full name of bodhidharma or bodhidharma, southern Tianzhu monk, or Yunbo. Later generations' descriptions of his life mostly came from Yang's "Luoyang Ji" in the Northern Wei Dynasty and the "Continued Biography of Monks" in the Tang Dynasty. Since the popularity of Jingdezhen Dengchuan Lu in Song Dynasty, many legends have been inaccurate, and the number of attachments has also increased. Modern historians have different opinions about Dharma's deeds related to Shaolin Temple, such as "You Luosong", "Su Songshan Shaolin Temple" and "Taste Toz Mountain" recorded in Historical Records. According to the biographies of Buddhism in the Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties and the fourth volume of General History of China Thought, Dharma came to China during the Liu and Song Dynasties, and the Song Dynasty first arrived in South Vietnam and then went north to the Wei Dynasty. "When I arrived in Luoyang, I visited temples such as Xiufan and Yongning. Since then, his whereabouts are not in today's northern Henan, and his death date is not earlier than 525 AD. Dharma founded "one-way religion" in China, or "Tuga religion." In the early Tang dynasty, it was already in decline, and ... these documents were rarely circulated ... and this idea could not be studied in depth. "The theory that Dharma created eighteen arhats and Shaolin Boxing came from Yijinjing, which was written in the fourth year of Ming Dynasty. There are many doubts and we should not believe them. The conclusion of seeking truth from facts still depends on further exploration of historical records and further research of textual research. The record of Shaolin Temple monks practicing boxing and martial arts in Songshan Mountain was first seen in the old Tang book Biography of Thick Zen Master. According to "The King of Qin told the Master of Shaolin Temple to preach" and Tang Pei's "Song Yue Shuilin Temple Monument", in the early Tang Dynasty, Shaolin Temple monks helped to levy the king, and 13 monks made meritorious deeds. Emperor Taizong also gave him 40 hectares of farmland, expanded temples and established monk soldiers, with more than 5,000 monks. Since then, Shaolin Temple has entered its heyday and is known as "the first temple in the world". After raising monks and soldiers in Shaolin Temple, practicing martial arts is directly related to fighting, which provides very favorable conditions for the development of Shaolin Boxing. In order to improve the actual combat ability, we not only practice boxing and equipment, but also practice fighting, walking exercises, qigong and so on. Monks often invite martial arts masters from all over the country to give directions, and martial arts celebrities from all directions also come here to learn from the scriptures and give gifts. In this way, Shaolin Temple has actually become a place where the whole country can practice martial arts, giving it the opportunity to learn the strengths of many families and gather the essence of martial arts. After the Song Dynasty, Shaolin Wushu absorbed 18 boxing techniques such as Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin's long fist, Han Tong's Tongbei and Ma Ji's bunt, which were recorded in the temple and passed down to future generations. According to legend, during the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, Jue Yuan and monks began to learn Western learning, and Li Chauhe and others entered the temple to teach boxing and Qigong. Yu Ye, a famous anti-Japanese soldier in the Ming Dynasty, visited Shaolin Temple to give lectures and promote each other, which has been studied and summarized throughout the ages. Gradually developed into boxing, equipment and other content. A martial arts school with a complete system and exquisite roads.
Shaolin boxing includes:
1. Boxing-there are two kinds of single training and double training. There are Xiaohong Boxing No.2, Dahongquan 12, Luohan Boxing No.3, Laohongquan 1, Cannon Boxing No.3, Changquan No.2, Meihua Boxing No.2, Chaoyang Boxing 1, Tongbei No.4, Changhe Yimen 1, and Kanto Boxing No.2.
2. Fighting Sanda-There are many kinds of Sanda, such as single practice, Sanda, etc. 100, such as shifting handle, thinking handle, worrying handle, Youlong flying step, Feng Dan facing the sun, crossing handle, old group holding gourd, fairy picking eggplant, stealing peaches from the bottom of leaves, cutting melons behind the head, black Hu Yuxin, old monkey shifting branches, gold thread winding method, and iron fan opposite.
3, Qigong-Shaolin Yijinjing, small martial arts, mixed yuan Qigong, Yin and Yang Qigong and so on. 4. Musical instruments-single practice, double practice, gun, knife, sword, eighteen kinds of weapons, both long and short, soft and hard, are generally available, but sticks are the most famous. Shaolin Boxing's routine is compact in structure, simple, robust and agile in action, rigorous in attack and defense, changeable in recruiting potential, flexible and flexible in exertion, practical, and has various characteristics of attack and defense.
Shaolin boxing first requires practicing basic skills, that is, standing piles. Piles include horse stance just look piles, chair piles and T-shaped piles. At the same time, practice watching, listening, grasping, pulling, pushing, lifting and kicking. "Rushing the line" is the most distinctive feature of Shaolin boxing, which has eight essentials, namely, starting, falling, advancing, retreating, reversing, sideways, receiving and vertical. The routine is straight and straight, and the movements are simple. Several routine drills are all on the same line. Now the foot nest left by practicing boxing in the Thousand Buddha Hall of Shaolin Temple is proof. The requirements of hands, eyes and body steps are: bending without bending, straight without straight, easy to roll outside and inside; Eye-catching, judging the situation of the enemy; Posture ups and downs along the center of gravity, unbalanced; The small method is low and high, light and stable, and the use method requires hiding but not revealing. Be quiet inside and fierce outside. Tactically, he is good at making a diversion from east to west, putting one finger on the ground, feinting and actually retreating, as if retreating and actually advancing, using both reality and reality, using softness to control rigidity, taking advantage of the situation and flying, hitting the key point mercilessly. Therefore, the boxing proverb describes its ever-changing tactics as "show like a cat, shake like a tiger, walk like a dragon, move like a flash and ring like thunder". It also has its own characteristics in movement, quietness, breathing, luck and gas use. For example, the boxing method says, "Punching is very powerful and comes from qi. Luck is expensive and slow, gas is expensive and urgent. All this is in one breath. " During the drill, it is emphasized that a routine should be done in one go, so as to achieve the external trinity of shoulder and salt, elbow and knee, hand and foot, and the internal trinity of heart and mind, heart and qi, and qi and force to form an internal and external unity. Breathe through your nose, concentrate your strength, and if necessary, shout with your mouth to deter the other side, and exert explosive power as fast as your ears to defeat the enemy. There is a mural of monks practicing martial arts on the north and south gable of Baiyi Hall in Juvenile Temple, which is called "Boxing Score". Painted in the late Qing Dynasty, there are six boxing and various equipment drills, which vividly depict the scene of monks practicing martial arts and highlight the characteristics of Shaolin boxing's hand, eye and body movements and the main points of attack and defense. Shaolin Temple monks have been practicing boxing hard for generations, and they have been recruited to participate in the war many times because of their high martial arts. During the apocalypse of the Ming Dynasty, there was a monument for young people to watch martial arts, and the existing Shaolin Temple recorded the technical characteristics and functions of Lin Quan. According to the introduction of China Sports History, "Shaolin Boxing is a layman, and its skill is mainly to fight with others". ..... There are two schools, namely, the strength in the yin and the strength in the yang ... or the two schools of strength in the north and the south, that is, the school of strength in the north and softness in the south ..... so the boxing is rigid and soft. "The south sent a heavy punch, but the hand was short, and the north sent a heavy leg, but the hand was still long. This is the so-called' southern boxing and northern leg'.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, an amateur martial arts school was established in Dengfeng County, where Shaolin Temple is located, and a Shaolin boxing research group was established, collecting some folk boxing scores. Excavated some endangered boxing types and equipment routines, trained a group of backbones and coaches to practice Shaolin boxing, participated in many national Wushu competitions and held Wushu performances on holidays. It has become a common practice for local people, men, women and children to practice martial arts. Shaolin boxing is also very popular abroad, especially in Japan. Few boxing fans from Japan's Shaolin Temple Boxing Federation and other countries often visit Shaolin Temple in China. Shaolin boxing, an ancient boxing, is now shining for spreading friendship between countries and improving people's health.