First, correctly understand the importance and urgency of park construction management.
Park is a public service product closely related to people's daily life, a green welfare for people to enjoy fairly, a public place for people to visit, rest, entertain, keep fit, make friends, study and hold related cultural and educational activities, and a core component of urban green space system, bearing the functions of improving ecology, beautifying environment, leisure and recreation, fitness and entertainment, inheriting culture, protecting resources, popular science education, disaster prevention and avoidance.
With the acceleration of urbanization, parks are facing new challenges: first, with the improvement of people's living standards, the public's demand for parks in terms of quantity, connotation, quality, function, opening hours and service quality is increasing; Second, with the acceleration of social aging, the increase of citizens' leisure demand and the free opening of parks, the number of tourists in parks has increased rapidly, especially during holidays, and the pressure on safety, service and maintenance of parks has been increasing; Third, the coordinated development of urban and rural areas puts forward new requirements for park types, layout, design, construction and management; Fourth, urban road widening, subway construction, real estate development and "park-based" management in disguised forms all threaten the land use scope, public welfare attributes and healthy development of parks.
All localities should stand at the height of building an ecological civilization, spiritual civilization and a stable and harmonious society, fully understand the importance and urgency of strengthening park construction and management in the new period, establish the concept of ecology, low carbon, humanity and harmony, always adhere to the public welfare development direction of parks, and earnestly do a good job in park construction and management.
Two, strengthen the preparation and implementation of park system planning.
All localities should formulate special plans for the construction and protection of urban parks in line with the principle of "ecology, convenience, reality and development" when compiling or revising the urban green space system planning, and build a park system with up-to-standard quantity, balanced distribution, complete functions and excellent quality. First, according to urban disaster prevention, historical and cultural protection and the diverse needs of citizens, parks with different themes, such as botanical gardens, wetland parks, sculpture parks and sports parks, should be rationally planned and constructed to ensure that there is at least one comprehensive park in the city with districts. The second is to coordinate with urban roads, transportation, drainage, lighting, pipelines and other infrastructure, and coordinate the development needs of urban disaster prevention and avoidance and rational use of underground space. Strictly control the development and construction around the park, reasonably set up bicycle parking places, reserve bus stops, restrict the passage of motor vehicles other than buses, and ensure the effective connection between the traffic microcirculation in the park and the slow traffic systems such as urban greenways and corridors. Third, on the basis of protecting, transforming and upgrading the original parks, according to the requirements of citizens to travel 300-500 meters to see the park green space, combined with urban and rural environmental improvement, urban and rural reconstruction, urban and rural coordinated construction, ecological restoration of abandoned land, etc., increase the planning and construction of community parks, street parks, country parks, greenways and green corridors. , to ensure that the urban per capita park green area of not less than 5 square meters, park green service radius coverage of not less than 60%. Fourth, park protection and development planning should be incorporated into the management of urban green line and blue line to ensure the naturalness and integrity of park land.
Third, strengthen the scientific guidance of park design.
All localities should firmly establish the park design concept of people-oriented, respecting science, conforming to nature and low-carbon environmental protection, and guide the park construction to take the road of economic, ecological and functional development from the design link. First, strictly review the design scheme to prevent over-design. Park design should strictly abide by relevant laws and standards, strictly control the construction of supporting facilities and equipment such as buildings and structures in the park, and ensure that the green area is not less than 65% of the total land area of the park; Strictly control the setting of amusement facilities to prevent the park from becoming a playground; Strictly control large squares, lawns, large water surfaces, etc. Put an end to blindly building high-priced designs such as sculptures, sketches and lamps, excessively hardening and unrealistic "foreign" designs. Second, people-oriented, and constantly improve the comprehensive functions. Newly-built parks should effectively guarantee their comprehensive functions such as cultural entertainment, popular science education, fitness and making friends, flood control and disaster avoidance, and continue to improve in the process of park reconstruction and expansion. The third is to highlight the humanistic connotation and regional characteristics. It is necessary to organically integrate history, culture, art, characteristics of the times, national characteristics and traditional crafts. Highlight the cultural and artistic connotation and regional characteristics of the park and avoid "one side of a thousand gardens". Fourth, ecological priority and protection priority. Efforts should be made to protect natural mountains, water bodies, topography, landforms, wetlands, biological species and other resources and features. It is strictly forbidden to build artificial wetlands that deviate from the purpose of resource protection and rainwater storage, and it is strictly forbidden to blindly dig lakes and pile mountains, cut corners and take a straight line, seal dams and hard revetment. Fifth, give priority to plant landscaping, mainly local plants and suitable plants, and rationally plant trees, shrubs and grass (ground cover) to achieve diverse species, rich seasons and beautiful scenery.
Fourth, strictly supervise the construction process of the park
All localities should, on the basis of protecting existing parks, build new parks in an orderly manner and rationally transform, upgrade and expand old parks. First, strengthen the professional supervision and management of the whole process of new construction, renovation and expansion of park projects from bidding to completion acceptance, and ensure that the planning and design scheme and process requirements are strictly followed and the construction is safe and standardized. The second is to plant healthy, full-crown and school-age seedlings cultivated in nurseries in this area, resolutely stop transplanting old and famous trees, and strictly control the transplanting of big trees with a tree age of more than 50 years; Strictly control the introduction of a large number of exotic plants without testing; Off-season planting construction, over-close planting and over-pruning, which violate the laws of nature and biological characteristics, are strictly prohibited. The third is to strengthen the completion acceptance and audit of new, rebuilt and expanded park projects, and severely investigate and deal with violations of planning and design plans and illegal procurement. No completion acceptance report shall be issued for park construction projects that do not meet the mandatory greening standards and have not completed the engineering design content. Fourth, strengthen the guidance service, supervision and inspection of maintenance management after the completion and acceptance of park construction projects. The competent department of urban landscaping shall, jointly with the relevant departments in charge of water conservancy, transportation, real estate and quality supervision institutions, regularly publish the compliance of design, construction, maintenance and supervision units of park construction projects with laws and regulations, project quality and integrity, and timely publish the list of illegal enterprises and the punishment results. Fifth, actively promote the application of new materials, new processes and new technologies such as green lighting, clean energy, rainwater collection and reuse, and recycling of garden waste, and continuously improve the quality and function of the park.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) deepens the management of park operation and maintenance.
(1) Strict operation and management to ensure the public service attribute of the park.
Parks are public resources, so it is necessary to ensure that the names of parks are "public", and any business activities that are contrary to the public welfare of parks and the purpose of serving tourists are strictly prohibited. First, it is forbidden to set up clubs, high-end restaurants and tea houses. Serve several people in the park; It is strictly forbidden to use the "garden in the garden" and other disguised operations. Second, it is forbidden to transfer the park assets invested by the government to enterprises and operate and develop the park as a tourist attraction. Third, it is strictly forbidden to add amusement facilities and equipment in violation of regulations and transfer garden buildings such as pavilions, platforms, buildings and pavilions in the park to profit-making organizations or individuals for operation in the form of leasing, contracting and buyout.
The competent department of urban landscaping shall organize a comprehensive cleaning inspection at least once a year, put forward opinions on illegal parks, order them to make rectification within a time limit, and submit the inspection and cleaning situation to the people's government of the city and the competent department of housing and urban-rural construction (landscaping) of the province in a timely manner. Provincial housing and urban construction (landscaping) departments shall timely submit relevant information to the Ministry of housing and urban-rural development, and urge the rectification.
(two) to strengthen the control of the green line, to ensure the nature of the park green space.
Park green space is the core component of urban green space system, and no unit or individual may occupy it. First, it is forbidden to occupy park green space in the name of development and municipal construction. Second, it is forbidden to rent park land, and it is not allowed to use park land for other purposes by cooperation, joint venture or other means. Third, it is strictly forbidden to move the park to a remote location in the name of transformation and relocation. After the park relocation is publicized, demonstrated and approved, the nature and service function of the original park green space shall not be changed. Fourth, strictly control the construction projects around the park that may affect its landscape and function and the commercial development of the underground space of the park. In the construction of municipal projects involving built parks, reasonable avoidance measures must be taken; If temporary occupation is really necessary, the consent of the competent department of urban landscaping must be obtained and implemented according to the opinions of the competent department of landscaping.
(3) Strengthen daily management to ensure the safe and orderly operation of the park.
The park should establish and improve the safety management system, define the division of labor, and assign responsibilities to people. Improve the emergency mechanism and safety supervision mechanism to ensure the safe operation of various facilities and equipment in the park. To hold large-scale activities or set up amusement projects in the park, safety risk assessment, strict audit and publicity management should be carried out first, and demonstrations and hearings should be organized when necessary. Parks that undertake disaster prevention and avoidance functions must reasonably set up disaster prevention and avoidance facilities to ensure timely opening and good function when disasters occur.
Parks around the country should earnestly strengthen daily management, formulate detailed rules for park management, clarify the code of conduct of park managers, service personnel and tourists, and advocate civilized garden visits with the basic purpose of providing quality services to tourists. First, we must ensure that all service facilities such as catering, exhibition and entertainment in the park are open to the public. Second, reasonably set up sightseeing and leisure projects according to functional divisions, actively organize and carry out cultural and recreational activities such as popular science education, biodiversity protection publicity and cultural festivals, garden parties, calligraphy and painting exhibitions, and prohibit vulgar activities from entering the park. Third, it is necessary to strengthen sanitation and cleaning, as well as the protection and management of mountains, water bodies, trees and flowers in the park, to ensure that the water quality in the park is fresh, the facilities are clean and tidy, and the environment is beautiful. The fourth is to strengthen the inspection of the garden, stop and put an end to the behavior of black guide, picnic, wild fishing, barbecue, etc., and put an end to noise disturbing the people, commodity exhibitions, tourists selling, etc. Fifth, it is necessary to strengthen the management of tourism teams. Interpreters must hold certificates and give professional explanations on historical gardens, site protection parks, botanical gardens, zoos and wetland parks. Sixth, it is necessary to strictly restrict pets from entering the park (except pet parks), prohibit animal performances, and strictly restrict motor vehicles from entering the park.
(4) Increase investment in custody and maintenance to ensure healthy and sustainable development.
In line with the principle of "three-point construction and seven-point management and protection", while effectively increasing investment in maintenance management, we will comprehensively promote the specialization and refinement of park management and protection. First, from the reality, formulate technical specifications and quota standards for park maintenance and management, strengthen the construction of professional talents, ensure that the park management and maintenance funds are fully in place, and ensure the level of professional management and maintenance. Second, make full use of advanced scientific and technological means, build a digital management platform for people, finance, materials, parks and services in parks, improve information disclosure, social supervision and dynamic supervision mechanisms, and improve the effectiveness of resource protection such as ancient and famous trees and historical and cultural heritage and the effectiveness of comprehensive park management. Third, increase investment in scientific research and actively carry out practical and forward-looking research on introduction and domestication, species resource protection, ecological protection of water quality and purified water. Fourth, actively explore and study the classified management of parks, and implement differentiated management in terms of charging standards, capital investment, assessment and inspection according to different types and functions of parks. On the basis of perfecting standards and assessment and supervision mechanism, the maintenance work of park sanitation, cleaning, security and pest control can be socialized management.
Sixth, strengthen organizational leadership.
(1) Implementing management responsibilities.
The city people's government should implement the requirements of the Notice of the State Council on Strengthening Urban Greening Construction, and put the park construction management into the important agenda of the government. Governments at all levels should strengthen the leading role in concept guidance, planning control, resource coordination, capital investment, policy guarantee, supervision and management.
The competent departments of housing and urban construction (landscaping) at all levels should organize the formulation of laws, regulations, policies, systems, technical standards and operating procedures for the construction and management of Yuanshan Park, guide and supervise the park management institutions to perform their duties normally, and organize the assessment and follow-up supervision of the park operation and management within their respective jurisdictions.
(2) Improve public supervision.
All localities should establish and improve the supervision system of the whole process of park construction management, consciously accept the supervision of the public and the news media, and create a good atmosphere of "government attention, social concern and people's support". Parks that have been built and opened should be publicized to the public in a timely manner and social supervision should be strengthened. Parks around the country should establish a reporting self-discipline and supervision mechanism, accept reports from the masses in a timely manner, accept supervision from the public and the media, guide all sectors of society to participate in park maintenance and management, and promote the standardized operation and harmonious development of parks.
(3) Improve dynamic supervision.
All localities should establish dynamic supervision mechanisms such as park registration, census cleaning, supervision and rectification, and the provincial housing and urban construction (landscaping) departments should report the management and tracking supervision of park construction in the region to the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development every year 12+0. The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development will organize key spot checks and special investigations according to the information reported by various localities, reports from the masses and media reports, and timely report violations.