Cuju was a means of training soldiers in Han Dynasty, and a relatively complete system was established. If the palace is specially set up, it is defined as a rectangle in the east-west direction, with six symmetrical "bow areas" at each end, also known as "bow rooms", each guarded by one person. There is a fence around the construction site. The game is divided into two teams, each with its own offense and defense, and the outcome is determined by the number of kicks into the opponent's bow room.
After the initial popularity in the Han Dynasty, cuju activities reached a climax in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and even the kicking method according to the position on the field appeared. Cuju has taken many forms in the Tang Dynasty, such as "bowing" based on the number of times of heading the ball, "beating in vain" in the center of the court, "jumping the bow" in which many people participate in fighting, and the game of setting up the goal. In this way, each team has a certain number of people and a fixed position, and it is stipulated that players can only play in their own positions and cannot move. At the same time, cuju and Buddhism spread to Japan, and the usage of calling football "cuju" can still be seen in Japanese and Korean, which is influenced by China.
The Old Story of Wulin in the Southern Song Dynasty once listed the names and positions of the two teams in the "Thirty-two-player Ball Building" competition: "Sixteen people in Zuo Jun: Zhang Jun, Wang Lian, Zhu Xuan, Shi Ze, Ding Quan, Zhang Lin and Chun Hu. ; Sixteen members of the right army: Li Zheng, Zhu Zhen, Zhu Xuan, Zhang Ning, Bin Xu, Wang Yong and Jun Chen. This is considered to be the first football "starting list" in history.
From the Spring and Autumn Period to the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, Cuju experienced a process of development to a climax, but in the Qing Dynasty, this activity declined. It is said that before the Middle Ages, the Greeks and Romans began to play football. On a rectangular court, they put the ball on the white line in the middle and kicked it to the other court with their feet. At that time, they called this game "Baja Storm".
Modern football
Modern football originated in England. Legend has it that there was a war between England and Denmark in the 1 1 century. After the war, the British found the skull of a Danish aggressor while cleaning up the ruins of the war. Out of resentment, they kicked the skull, and a group of children kicked it when they saw it. However, they found that the skull hurts when they kick, so they switched to cow bladder blowing-this is the birth of modern football. ?
/kloc-At the beginning of the 20th century, there was a football match in England. Competition is an entertainment activity, twice a year, usually held between two cities. The host threw the ball into the air and the game began. Both sides will squeeze, shout, kick and hug, and which side can kick the ball to the downtown area of the other side is victory. If the ball rushes into a resident's house halfway, the players will rush in and disturb the kicking method, often smashing things in the house, and the owner has to sigh for his bad luck. Pedestrians on the road will encounter unexpected trouble when they touch the ball. So, at that time, when the game came, people had to avoid disasters and close their doors until the game was over. Such a football match was strongly opposed by the public, and the British government issued a ban: it was stipulated that football matches must be played in open spaces, and those who entered downtown areas would be severely punished, so special football fields appeared. By the beginning of19th century, football was quite popular in some countries in Europe and Latin America at that time, especially in capitalist Britain.
1848, the first written rule of football, Cambridge Rules, was born. The so-called "Cambridge Rules" are some rules formulated by three universities in London, Oxford and Cambridge in the early 9th century. At that time, each team had 1 1 people. At that time, there were ten students and one teacher in each dormitory of the school, so a dormitory-to-dormitory competition was held, with each side 1 1 person. At present, the football match of 1 1 people started at that time.
1862, the world's first football club was established in Nottinghamshire, England. The first Football Association (FA) was established in Britain, which unified the rules of football. People call this day the birth day of modern football. The football rules formulated this time are *** 14, which is the basis of today's football rules. Since 1900 2nd Olympic Games, football has been listed as an official Olympic event, but professional athletes are not allowed to participate. 1904 on may 2 1 day, FIFA was established in Paris. From 65438 to 0904, the football associations of Britain, France, the Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland established the International Football Federation in France. Since 1930, the World Football Championship (also known as the World Cup) has been held every four years, and the restrictions on professional athletes have been lifted.
From 65438 to 0989, FIFA officially brought futsal into its management scope and became its governing body.
Extended data
Football, with the reputation of "the first sport in the world", is the most influential single sport in the world. In a standard football match, the two teams each sent 10 players and 1 0 goalkeepers, a total of 22 people, to fight, defend and attack on a rectangular grass court.
The purpose of the game is to shoot the football into the opponent's goal as much as possible, and you can get one point for each goal. When the game is over, the team with more points wins. If the score is the same within the specified time, it depends on the rules of the game. You can draw lots, play overtime or exchange penalties (12 yards) and so on. In the football match, except the goalkeeper can touch the ball with his hand in his own restricted area, each player can only control the football with other parts of his body except his hand (except the foul ball).
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-football