Through the visit to the nursing home, we can understand the present situation of convalescence for the elderly and the development of social work for the elderly in China. The internship unit is Le Yi Nursing Home. The reason for choosing it is that the scale and service quality of this nursing home belong to the middle level, which can better reflect the development of nursing homes in contemporary society.
Second, the practical content.
1. Internship Scheme: This internship is in groups of four to five people, responsible for two elderly people. Mainly by talking, performing programs and playing games, other groups also take the initiative to help the elderly take care of their lives, such as washing their hair and feeding them. By establishing a good and harmonious relationship with the elderly, we can understand their daily life and inner thoughts. In addition, through field observation and communication with the staff of the unit, the actual working conditions, difficulties in work and the overall development of social work of the elderly in nursing homes were investigated.
2. Specific process: We arrived at Le Yi Nursing Home early in the morning. The location of the nursing home is not very good. Located between several tall buildings, it is difficult to get enough sunshine, which is very unfavorable to the health of the elderly, especially in winter, some elderly people who are in poor health are prone to illness. The scale of nursing homes is not very large. This is a simple two-story building with a narrow yard in front. There are some simple flowers and plants and fitness equipment in the yard. There are not many old people in it. They may have just got up when we went, and they were all moving in the yard. The whole nursing home doesn't feel very good to me.
First of all, the old man doesn't seem to show great enthusiasm for our arrival; Secondly. The attitude of the staff is not very good, and they are not very dedicated to the care of the elderly. Although it gave me some negative impressions, we still carried out the activities with great enthusiasm. In the interaction with the elderly, most of them are relatively cooperative performances, playing games and having a harmonious atmosphere. However, due to physical reasons, some elderly people can't hear or speak clearly, which also brings inconvenience to our work. We have prepared several programs, two songs and two dances for this practical activity, and also arranged a short drama. The old people are very careful in the process of watching. In the process of playing games, some students who can do manual work also prepared some works as prizes in advance, which also improved the enthusiasm of the old people to participate.
In the conversation with the elderly, we try not to touch their privacy and some sad things, because most of the elderly who come here are unwilling or unwilling to take care of their children and are eager for the warmth of home and the companionship of their relatives. I think this is irreplaceable no matter how good the living conditions are. In practice, we found that many staff here did not take care of the elderly wholeheartedly. Old people are poorly dressed, with poor accommodation and long daily necessities. Some staff are still watching TV at leisure and don't communicate with the elderly often, so many elderly people feel lonely, don't like it here, and don't think of it as home. They feel abandoned and forgotten and have to wait for death, which makes our classmates feel very sad, but there is nothing they can do.
Third, the practice results and analysis
I feel very uneasy after a day's practice. From the eyes of these old people, I read deep despair and loneliness. I think this is partly due to society besides their unfilial children. Most of the old people here are in poor health, and even some of them can't take care of themselves. They feel that they are no longer needed by children and society, and they are just a burden to die. Therefore, they did not regard the nursing home as their home. For them, it is just a shelter and the only place where a society can accommodate them. This makes me reflect on how to provide a good environment for the elderly. Just to improve the living conditions of the elderly? I don't think so. The meaning of living is not only food and clothing, but also spiritual satisfaction. Just like Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, people need physical protection first, which is the most basic requirement for human beings to maintain their own survival. Then there are security requirements, including: personal safety, health protection, resource ownership, property ownership, moral protection, job security and family security. Secondly, it is the need of emotion and belonging, which includes affection. Then there is the need for respect, including: self-esteem, self-confidence, achievement, respect for others and respect by others. Finally, there is the need for self-realization, which is the highest level of need. It means that people need to realize their personal ideals and ambitions, maximize their personal abilities, reach the realm of self-realization, accept themselves and others, enhance their ability to solve problems, improve their consciousness, be good at doing things independently, ask to be alone without being disturbed, and complete everything commensurate with their abilities.
Only when the low-level needs are met will there be high-level needs. Many domestic pension institutions only pay attention to the basic needs and physiological needs of the elderly, ignoring other needs, or simply think that the elderly have no higher-level needs. These are all misunderstandings in our social work for the aged. At this point, the practice of foreign pension institutions is worth learning. It is reported in the news that there is a nursing home abroad, which has specially developed a set of courses for the old people to "delay aging" and "stay young", and gives homework to the old people every day to encourage them to use their brains. This is to meet the needs of the elderly for self-realization. On the other hand, in our nursing home, the most common scene is that old people chat together, except for playing cards and chess occasionally, they just flip through newspapers and magazines without interest, or take a walk alone, or sit in the sun. There are few collective activities carried out by hospitals. Without thinking, spiritual emptiness will accelerate people's aging, but many of our nursing homes obviously don't realize this. Their care and consideration for the elderly is reflected in the improvement of material and living conditions, but little attention is paid to the spirit. Old people can only kill time and spend the rest of their lives in nursing homes. Some old people were quite energetic when they first entered the nursing home. After a few months, they aged a lot, and the speed of aging worried their families. Only when volunteers organized by some schools come to the nursing home to play games and chat with the old people will they laugh happily. In fact, the "youth experience" of foreign nursing homes has long told us that it sometimes doesn't cost too much to make the old people live happily and fully.
(A) Thoughts and suggestions on the future pension model in China.
Due to the large population base of the elderly in China and the implementation of the family planning policy, the problem of providing for the aged is more prominent. At present, China's old-age care model is still dominated by traditional family care, but before the social service system is perfected, this old-age care model has become increasingly difficult to meet the needs of future social development. However, "social pension" has obvious shortcomings, and it is hard to imagine that the government can spend huge sums of money to establish many pension institutions. Therefore, our urgent task is to give full play to the strength of all sectors of society, mobilize the enthusiasm of all sectors of society, establish and improve the service system in various ways, and help the elderly to spend their twilight years in their original places of residence through good social services; The second is to build houses suitable for the elderly, or to transform existing houses to meet the needs of the elderly and make it possible for families to provide for the elderly. After retirement, the elderly still live in the original community, maintaining the continuity of the original social relations; At the same time, health of the elderly, who is in the active and self-care period, is encouraged to give full play to his original expertise, devote himself to community construction and do some work within his power, such as taking charge of community safety inspection and supervision, and participating in kindergartens and nurseries. In this way, the participation of the elderly in community service institutions can not only contribute to community construction, but also fully affirm their social values through labor, establish a healthy and upward outlook on life, and delay the aging process. It is not only beneficial to the physical and mental health of the elderly, but also reduces the burden on the government.
(2) About creating a living environment for the elderly
To adopt the mode of providing for the aged by combining community service with family support, we should pay attention to creating a living environment suitable for the elderly and solve the following problems.
1. Housing construction should consider the housing needs of the elderly. 1995, the Ministry of Construction of Japan issued the Guide to Residential Design Corresponding to a Longevity Society, which stipulated that all future residential construction should consider the living needs of the elderly, "as far as possible, the hall, toilet, bathroom and bedroom for the elderly should be set on the same floor", "the stairs, toilets, corridors and other spaces should be provided with handrails" and "the bathroom and bathroom should ensure nursing space as much as possible" to create independent living for the elderly. According to the specific situation of our country, at least the bottom of multi-storey houses should be designed according to the requirements of old-age houses, or create conditions for transforming them into old-age houses, such as reducing the indoor and outdoor height difference, changing the steps into ramps, separating the bathtub from the washbasin, and realizing the separation of dry and wet.
2. Establish and improve the community service system and community cultural facilities. At present, most residential areas are short of service facilities and social services are basically blank. The only entertainment place for the elderly is the mahjong room with poor conditions. This situation needs to be changed urgently. It is suggested to build supporting facilities for the elderly in the planning of residential areas, such as building an activity center for the elderly to provide places for leisure, entertainment and communication for the elderly. Build a day care center for the elderly, which can provide catering and other services for the elderly during the day, and the elderly can go home to reunite with their children at night and enjoy family happiness; Establish community medical service institutions to provide health consultation, health care and other services for the elderly, and at the same time absorb healthy elderly people to participate in community services.
3. Vigorously promote the "two-generation residence" room type in residential areas. Encouraging children to live near their parents after marriage can not only take care of each other in life, but also maintain relative independence, and their lifestyles will not be affected. At this point, foreign countries have also provided us with good experience. For example, in the 1970s, Japan introduced "preferential measures for elderly cohabiting households" to reward two generations who live close together, because this practice not only benefits the elderly, but also reduces the burden on the government, and has good social significance. This practice is worth learning from.
4. Residential area planning and residential design should pay attention to the design of outdoor activity space for the elderly. According to the behavior characteristics of the elderly, morning exercises, croquet fields, various forms of rest spaces and communication spaces are set up, especially to encourage the interaction between the elderly and different age groups such as teenagers and children, so as to integrate the elderly into the social environment. The outdoor space should be relatively open, so that the elderly can have more visual and psychological interaction with the community and avoid the psychological and social isolation caused by being too closed. Residential design adopts raised floor and stair rest platform. It can be used as a communication space with a little modification.
To sum up, to solve the problem of providing for the aged, we must start from the characteristics of the elderly and combine the existing social, economic, cultural, environmental and other special conditions in China to build a living environment suitable for the elderly and create a happy paradise for the elderly to spend their twilight years.
Fourth, the practice summary and experience
After this practice, I have a deep understanding. First of all, we have the idea of not paying attention to the elderly. Respecting the elderly has always been a traditional virtue of the Chinese nation, but in today's society, this beautiful quality seems to be gradually forgotten. Maybe it is forced by life, but we should never neglect our parents who gave birth to us. They gave us their youth. Now that we are adults, they are old. It is our responsibility and obligation to care for them, take care of them and let them spend their old age peacefully. From the government's point of view, with the aging of population in China, providing for the aged has become an unavoidable problem. It is not enough to rely solely on law and morality to ask citizens to do their duty of support. There is an urgent need for the government to establish an effective and perfect pension system in line with China's national conditions, have an environment suitable for the elderly to live in, and train staff to take care of the elderly.
From the whole society, we should vigorously support the development of old-age care. It is gratifying that some private nursing homes have appeared in some developed cities, which is a hope for the elderly, but it is not enough, and it needs the support of all walks of life and the state. A person in charge of a private nursing home said: "In the case of more and more old-age care institutions, the state should implement a private assistance policy, encourage the development of private nursing homes, and give appropriate subsidies. Of course, for nursing homes in remote and poor areas, if no private forces are willing to enter, they should still be set up locally; When revitalizing the stock, we should implement the policy of public-private partnership. If there are non-governmental forces willing to enter, they should be established for non-governmental forces through restructuring. " She predicted that "once the state is liberalized and subsidizes private forces, private nursing homes will enter the fast lane of development.
Summary of Social Practice Report of Nursing Home 5 In order to further study and practice Scientific Outlook on Development, guide young students to practice the requirements of "four new generations" put forward by Hu Jintao, and carry forward the fine tradition of "always forging ahead in the forefront of the times, always breathing with the party and the country, * * *". While strengthening theoretical study, young students should go deep into the society to understand the national conditions in practice, establish a strong sense of responsibility for the country and the people, and constantly improve their ideological understanding, professional theoretical accomplishment and innovation ability. According to the guiding spirit of the school party Committee, it is decided to carry out students' social practice activities in the summer vacation for 20 years after research.
Faced with this "task", several friends and I decided to volunteer in a nursing home on the street to help the elderly. At first, I contacted the dean. After explaining my purpose to the dean, the dean said, "Of course! You college students are very welcome to visit the elderly! It's just that you don't need to be a volunteer, because we have special waiters, cleaners, and the hygiene of the nursing home is given to them, so you don't need to do anything. But you can come and chat with the elderly, or you can chat with the elderly at home to make the elderly happy, because the children of the elderly are not around, which is quite lonely. " After listening to the dean's words, I suddenly felt very uncomfortable. Yes, now that the country's economy is developed, old people can live in a very comfortable environment and eat a lot of nutritious things to make their bodies feel comfortable, but what about their hearts? Inner loneliness, yearning for children who often say they are busy, can these be given by money? Then the dean gave me a business card and asked me to contact her when I came.
A few days later, several of our classmates went to the nursing home to visit the elderly. At first, the dean asked us to clean the kitchen. The range hood has too much oil and is too high to be cleaned. He asked us to clean it. In the process of cleaning, old people come to chat with us from time to time. Let's have a rest when we are tired. Don't be hot, let's cool down under the electric fan. After cleaning for nearly half an hour, I finally finished cleaning the kitchen. After the break, we went to chat with the old people. The old people hold our hands and ask about our study and life, which reflects the ardent hope and care of the older generation for the younger generation.
We also asked the old people about their physical condition and living conditions. When asked if they missed the children here, the old people were silent. An old man said, why not? But children, they have jobs! Busy! No time to come over. How often do they usually come to see you? A week or a month? "They usually don't come. If you really miss them, give them a call and they will come, but they won't stay long. Sit down and talk for a while, and then they left. They are busy! Time is running out! " Indeed, now that the economy is developed and the pace of life is accelerated, you really need to be busy if you want to gain a foothold in this society. However, no matter how busy you are, you have to visit your parents who gave birth to you and raised you! All virtues, filial piety first! A reporter asked Bill Gates, the richest man in the world, "What can't wait in the world?" I didn't expect Bill to answer not opportunities, nor business opportunities, and so on. He said: "The last thing in the world is to honor your parents!" China's writing has rich connotations. Under the old word is a dagger. If you change the dagger into a child, it is filial piety! Not everyone here has a healthy body. They are a vulnerable group in society and need more attention from society.
On rainy days, due to physical reasons, maybe they are suffering from all kinds of pains; On snowy days, due to environmental restrictions, maybe they are suffering from cold erosion, or maybe the rare winter sunshine may not shine at all. So what are we doing? Listen to the rain, sigh the beauty of snow, and play in the warm sunshine. Comparatively speaking, we are happy, while the elderly are miserable. But what can we do? What we can do is to give them our most sincere wishes; Go and visit them and give them some happiness! We should interpret their lives. What are they thinking when they are about to come to the end of their lives? Will we be like their children in the future? Just trust your loved ones to a nursing home? If so, then when your parents who love you the most leave, they will definitely regret it!
In today's society, there are not a few people who don't know how to honor the elderly. They forget that their parents brought them up with hardships and abandoned their elderly parents after they could earn money to eat! Let them live a good life.
After coming back, everyone smiled and said, "It is our duty to come here from time to time to complete the summer mission, not a task, but an education and an exercise. The elderly need social care, and society should also give them some attention. Respecting and loving the elderly should be the unremitting work of socialist spiritual civilization. It is necessary for contemporary college students to communicate with the elderly and understand their sufferings and difficulties, which is conducive to improving their ideological and moral quality.
Old people, they are the weak in society, but once they were also the creators of society and the pillars of the motherland!
When we go to the nursing home to do something we can to release our vitality, we will feel a sense of fulfillment. These activities have well demonstrated the elegance of contemporary college students. On the one hand, they cultivate the virtues of caring for others, respecting and loving the elderly, on the other hand, they are also in contact with society, understanding society and exercising themselves. We have the responsibility and obligation to care for them and offer our love.
The elderly are vulnerable groups that need our attention. We should make unremitting efforts to create a good living environment for them in order to repay their contribution to society! It will also continue to better inherit the traditional Chinese virtues.
Summary of Social Practice Report of Nursing Home 6 Practice Content: Social Practice of Nursing Home
Internship location: a Qiu Jin sanatorium for military cadres in Linwen Road, Xianyang City.
Practice time: 20 _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Practising member: Ma Chuangbai, Chen Xiaoping Li Hongxin.
Practical background: It is the traditional virtue of the Chinese nation to respect the old and love the young. In order to further strengthen and improve the ideological and moral education of college students, carry forward the traditional virtues of respecting the elderly of the Chinese nation, and strive to create a good atmosphere of social harmony, so that college students can contribute their youth to the creation of a national civilized city with practical actions. Respecting the elderly is a fine tradition of the Chinese nation for thousands of years. As descendants of the Chinese people, we should love the elderly and carry forward the good traditions of our ancestors. It is a tradition of the Chinese nation to love and respect the elderly. Let's learn to love and respect the elderly.
Going to the nursing home to express condolences is mainly about caring for the elderly or starting from the side. We are surrounded by old people. In the eyes of many people, nursing homes are the habitat of lonely old people. Nowadays, many elderly people with children have taken the initiative to enter nursing homes. Some of them used to be teachers, engineers, cadres and artists. Choose a nursing home, because the children are busy at work, and the floor at home is high, and no one can chat with them; It is also because they get along with their peers here day and night, have the same interests and similar outlook on life, which makes them want to see the sun more, even though he is glorious.
Practical purpose: To understand the living conditions and attitudes of the elderly in nursing homes through social practice activities in nursing homes, and to bring care, warmth and blessings to the elderly. Although short-term social practice can't bring much help to the elderly, we can learn a lot from it, which will benefit me for life. Social practice can deepen our feelings with people from all walks of life, narrow the distance between us and society, and broaden our horizons and increase our talents in social practice. Society is a big classroom for learning and education. In that vast world, our life value has also been reflected, laying a more solid foundation for more intense competition in the future. I hope there will be such an opportunity in the future.
Preparation before internship: get in touch with the director of nursing home together with team members. After obtaining the consent of the dean and the relevant person in charge, we began to prepare the details of the caring activities. A few days before the activity, our group discussed the gathering time, explained the matters needing attention and the route to the nursing home.
Practice content and feelings:
Li Yongle, a party of six people: On the afternoon of May 27th, 2000, we were informed that all the members of our party went to Qiu Jin Sanatorium, the First Army Retired Veterans' Home in Linwen Road, Xianyang City. We went straight to our destination with great excitement. But to our disappointment, only a few old people in the hospital enjoy the cool outside.
The old people also shared some interesting things in their lives and their wonderful past. We chatted with the old man, talking and laughing. From these chats, I have many feelings. Especially the old man, who always said that we are students and should study hard at school, and should not come out to serve them. Moreover, he said that there are many good-hearted people in the society who help us. They will take care of themselves first ... Through chatting, we learned about the daily life of the elderly. Some of these old people are retired soldiers, some are parents of soldiers who are serving, and some are relatives of families of those soldiers. Some old people have lived here for many years, and some old people have moved here because of their children's work. The old man is happy here. When they have time, they will watch TV and write in the shade downstairs or at home. Some of them will go downstairs to do some simple sports, such as practicing sword, playing Tai Chi, dancing and playing table tennis, while others will play chess and mahjong. So I feel that the life of the old people here is still particularly rich.
There is a big yard in the nursing home with a lot of sports equipment and a reading room in the activity room. Their leisure life will be very rich. I remember very clearly that when we were about to leave, we met an old woman in her seventies on the road in the yard, carrying a big bag of things in her hand, as if she were going to set up a stall. Several of us went up to help her move things, and the old woman thanked us very warmly. After we helped her carry the things into the car, she thanked us again and then turned and disappeared into the crowd. Her back shows me a kind of strength and tenacity, and there is no reason to say that we are young.
Old people are lonely on weekdays, most of their children are not around, and some even have no children. What they want may no longer be replaced by simple money. Above the requirement of food and clothing, the old people want someone to chat with them and exchange feelings. Many of our grandparents are gone now, so when we see the elderly, we may miss our deceased relatives very much and want to be close to the elderly without thinking. Just like our grandparents, we should care about them and take care of them. They will also treat us as granddaughters and grandsons, hold your hand, and fill in their kindness on you, and we have accepted it gladly. Each of us will go through the process from childhood to youth, from youth to old age, and experience life and death. We are still in our youth, and there is still a long way to go in the future. I think everyone should know how to go on. Maybe when we finish the journey of life and have a rest, will we spend our old age as happily as the old people in nursing homes?
I have this passage on the wall of the nursing home: children! When you were very young, I spent a lot of time teaching you to eat slowly with spoons and chopsticks. Teach you to tie your shoes, button, slide, dress, comb your hair and twist your nose. How much I miss these little things with you. So, when I can't think of anything, please give me some time, wait for me, let me think again ... at last I may forget what I want to say. Kid! We practiced hundreds of times to learn the first doll song, have you forgotten? Do you remember that I always have to rack my brains every day to answer I don't know where you come from? So, when I repeat the old story and hum the children's songs of my childhood, please understand me. Let me continue to indulge in these memories! I hope you can chat with me! Son, now I often forget to buckle my shoelaces and tie them. You will get dirty when you eat, and your hands will keep shaking when you comb your hair. Don't rush me, be more patient and gentle with me. As long as you are with me, there will be a lot of warmth in my heart. Kid! Now I can't stand and walk. So, please hold my hand and walk slowly with me. Just like that year, I took you step by step. If children don't understand them, then they can only spend the rest of their lives in pain and die in the dark ... I think as long as we have paid and worked hard in our own lives, whether we succeed or fail, we all have good memories of ourselves. We have nothing to regret. Now I can imagine, at that time, will we know our destiny like the old people in the nursing home today? I will.
Through this chat with the old people, we learned a lot about their past experiences, their hardships, their desire for children, their hopes for us and their inner feelings. It also reminds me of my family. There were many things I didn't understand before. At home, my parents treat me like a treasure and don't let me do anything. I wonder if they will flatter us when they come home after a hard day's work. They only think about their own happiness and temporary comfort, but never think about their own hardships. I thought I was really sorry for them before, and I'm not young anymore. I also want to know how to bear and share with them.
This social practice gave me a good opportunity to experience social life, and also showed me the loneliness of lonely old people and the lack of social care for them. Enhanced my sense of social responsibility. At the same time, this social practice also gave me a taste of helping others. I hope there will be more such opportunities in the future.
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