Construction site: No.88, century avenue, Pudong New Area, China
Start date:1May, 994 10.
Completion date:1March 1999 18.
Coverage area: 2.3 hectares
Building area: 290,000 square meters
Building floors: 88 floors above ground and 3 floors underground.
Building height: 420.5m.
Structural form: reinforced concrete structure
Construction cost: 5 billion pounds
Investor: China Jinmao (Group) Co., Ltd.
Architectural Design: SOM Design Office, Chicago, USA
English Name: Jinmao Building
[Edit this paragraph] Architectural history
1999 At the beginning of this year, another landmark building in Shanghai stood proudly beside the Huangpu River, and the long-awaited 88th-floor Jinmao Tower, the third in the world, the second in Asia and the first in China, was finally put on the market. This building integrates modern office buildings, luxury five-star hotels, business exhibitions, high-end banquets, sightseeing, entertainment and shopping malls, and is rich in China culture.
Jinmao Building1992 65438+February 17 was approved, and construction started on 65438+May 0994 10, and the structure was capped on August 28, 1997.1March 1999 opened. Jinmao Tower covers an area of 2.3 hectares, with a tower height of 420.5 meters and a total construction area of 290,000 square meters.
Jinmao Tower was built by SOM, one of the largest architects and engineers in America.
[Edit this paragraph] Geographical location
The building stands in Lujiazui Financial and Trade Center on the Huangpu River, facing the Oriental Pearl Radio and Television Tower, adjacent to the tunnel entrance of Yan 'an East Road, and connected with Metro Line 2. Its main building has 88 floors above ground and 3 floors underground, with a height of 420.5 meters, covering an area of 236 1 1 square meter, with a total construction area of 290,000 square meters. It used to be the tallest building in Shanghai and the tallest building in Chinese mainland, and was surpassed by the neighboring world financial center on August 29th, 2008. Jinmao Tower is an intelligent high-grade building integrating office, business and hotel functions. The 3rd-50th floors are spacious and bright space without columns, which can accommodate more than 65,438+00,000 people working at the same time. 5 1-52 layer is the mechanical and electrical equipment layer; The 53rd-87th floors are the world's tallest super five-star Hyatt Regency Jinmao. From the 56th floor to the top floor of the tower, there is an "air atrium" with a diameter of 27m and a clearance of 142m for sunlight to refract through the glass. There are 555 rooms of different sizes and styles and various Chinese and western restaurants around the atrium. The 86th floor is an entrepreneur club; The 87th floor is Sky Restaurant; The 88th floor, 34 1 m above the ground, is the second highest sightseeing floor in China (second only to the World Financial Center), and can receive more than 1 000 tourists. Two 9. 1 m/s high-speed elevators take tourists directly from the basement 1 floor to the sightseeing floor, which takes 45 seconds. Looking around, you can see the new look of Shanghai. Jinmao Tower has 3 floors underground and 4 floors locally, with a construction area of 57 1, 5 1 m2, 800 parking spaces and 2,000 bicycle garages. According to the different needs of parking guests, the charging system of the parking lot prepares smart cards with monthly, seasonal and annual parking spaces, or randomly takes time tickets to park. The parking lot with 800 parking spaces is equipped with a parking information indication and guidance system, which can display and count the parking spaces on all floors and regions in real time. The 360-degree rotating pan-tilt camera monitored on all floors and areas takes care of your pace partner all the time. You can safely park your car in the underground garage of Jinmao Building.
Jinmao Mansion is located at the tunnel entrance of Yan 'an East Road in Pudong, next to century avenue, in the center of Lujiazui Financial and Trade Zone, the core area of Pudong. It is adjacent to the bustling scene of Pudong in the east, the elegant scenery of Shanghai and Huangpu River in the west, the business district of Zhang Yang Road in Pudong in the south and the central green space of 654.38+10,000 square meters in the north. The road network around the building is developed and the traffic is very convenient. The cross-river tunnel is directly connected with Metro Line 2. From Jinmao Tower to Puxi's most prosperous block, it takes only 2 minutes to cross the tunnel and only 30 minutes to drive to Shanghai Hongqiao Airport or Pudong International Airport. The geographical location is superior. It used to be the tallest building in Shanghai and the tallest building in Chinese mainland, and was surpassed by the neighboring world financial center on August 29th, 2008.
The designer of Jinmao Tower is a famous SOM design firm in Chicago, USA. With innovative design concept, the designer skillfully combines the latest architectural trends in the world with the traditional architectural style of China, and successfully designs world-class and cross-century classics, which has become a milestone of Shanghai-style architecture and a famous landmark building in Shanghai. He has won many domestic and international awards, such as the World Architectural Structure Award in Illinois, the first place in the Gold Award of Shanghai Top Ten Classic Buildings in the 50th Anniversary of New China, and the Artistic Creation Achievement Award in the 20th International Architects' Congress.
[Edit this paragraph] Interaction with the World Financial Center
At the beginning of the building construction, the relevant departments drew up a plan to build an "overpass" with the World Financial Center. It was originally planned to connect underground, but some experts pointed out that there is only one road between the two skyscrapers, Shanghai World Financial Center and Jinmao Tower. If the underground tunnel is excavated again, the land subsidence in Shanghai will be more serious, and there is not enough space to accommodate the underground pipeline system in Lujiazui area. Therefore, in recent years, the project of "Lujiazui overpass" tends to be built. The project has now entered the actual survey stage, and it is expected to start in 2007 and be completed in early 2008. However, some experts expressed concern that the overpass project would destroy the architectural landscape and environment in Lujiazui area.
[Edit this paragraph] Structure technology
The building adopts the latest structural technology used for the first time in the history of super high-rise buildings. The vertical deviation of the whole building is only 2 cm, and the shaking of the roof is less than half a meter. This is the best high-rise building in the world, and it can guarantee that the wind of 12 will not fall, and it can also resist the earthquake of magnitude 7. The exterior wall of the building is composed of large glass walls, which reflect colors like silver and non-silver, with different shades and endless changes. The glass wall is imported from the United States, and it costs 500 dollars per square meter. Glass is divided into two layers, with a low temperature conductor in the middle. The temperature outside will not affect the room. There are 79 elevators in Jinmao Tower, and the sightseeing high-speed elevator can take 35 people at a time, with a speed of 9. 1 meter per second, and it only takes 45 seconds from bottom to top.
The hall of Jinmao Mansion adopts a circular arch door frame, which gives people a feeling of being tall, spacious and bright. Mediterranean perforated marble is selected for the wall, which can play a good sound insulation effect; The marble on the ground is shiny but not bright, flat but not slippery. The eight bronze murals in the front hall reflect the traditional calligraphy art in China. The evolution of Chinese characters, from Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Zhong Dingwen to seal script, official script, regular script and Cao, reflects the 5,000-year history of civilization in China. The corridor leading to the banquet hall is an art gallery, which embodies elegant taste and luxurious style.
1, commercial concrete and bulk cement application technology
This technology is applied to diaphragm wall, bored pile, foundation pit enclosure, core part of main building and composite giant column. Flooring and other engineering parts. The total application amount reached157000m3. Bulk cement for commercial concrete in Jinmao Building. Mechanical feeding, automatic weighing, computer control technology, "double mixing" technology of admixture and admixture, mixer truck transportation and pumping pouring technology not only improve the mechanization and specialization of civil construction production, but also improve the civilization and standardization of construction site. And set a world record for pumping concrete at a height of 382.5 meters.
2, thick diameter steel bar connection technology
The formwork of core tube and giant column of Jinmao Mansion adopts large steel formwork, so the construction technology of taper thread connection is adopted at the joint of steel bar between core tube and ground beam, the joint of ring plate of core tube and steel bar, and the joint of steel bar between giant column and ground beam in the hotel area of the main building.
There are 58,296 conical joints in the whole project, and the detection and sampling results of the joints have reached Grade A.. The number of applications is shown in the table below:
The new type of cold-rolled tapered thread technology for steel bars has been improved from seven aspects: (1) improving the materials of cutters and thread rollers; Improved tool rest; Add automatic positioning device; A rolling feeding frame is arranged; Cold treatment at the end can improve the strength and ensure the standard of grade A joint. The application has achieved the goal of high speed, high quality and low consumption.
3, new template and scaffolding application technology
The height of the main structure of Jinmao Building has changed a lot, and the distribution and shape of the walls have also changed. * * * There are 8 kinds of heights, such as 3.2m, 4m and 5.2m.. * * * For more than 53 floors, the original well-shaped internal shear wall was cancelled, and the wall thickness was changed from 850 mm to.
Jinmao Tower
The meter is gradually divided into four times to 450 mm, especially there are three external steel trusses on floors 24 ~ 26, 5 1 ~ 53 and 85 ~ 87, which brings great difficulties to the design of formwork scaffolding and the safety of super high-rise construction. Therefore, in the construction of the core tube of the main building, we designed and manufactured the "formwork system of separated combined self-leveling integral lifting steel platform". Compared with foreign advanced templates, the performance is not inferior, and the cost is saved about100000 yuan. Successfully completed the high-altitude disassembly, understood the construction technology of two different structures using a formwork system, innovatively adopted computer automatic leveling technology to control the system to improve the construction technology, and adopted a fully enclosed formwork system, which was safe and reliable in construction and easy to operate, creating a construction speed of one month 13 floor. Computer automatic leveling technology has obtained national patent (patent number: ZL95246539 1. 1+0). The research and application of this template system won the first prize of Shanghai Science and Technology Progress Award.
In the construction of giant columns, the "jumping formwork system" was innovatively designed and manufactured, which successfully solved the construction problem of giant columns. The upper steel beam has been installed in place, and the traditional formwork scaffolding system can not successfully complete the climbing problem after concrete construction.
The system innovatively designed a series of special components, such as telescopic arm, inclined skateboard, upward telescopic frame and folding wall, so that the climbing frame can cross the steel beam smoothly. Through the research and application of these new formwork legs, the continuous construction of the core tube and composite giant column of the main building is completed safely and reliably. After expert appraisal, the technical level of the template hand-foot system has reached the international leading level.
4, high strength concrete technology
Jinmao Mansion adopts C60 and C50 high-strength concrete, and the foundation slab adopts C50 concrete. The underground to 3 1 floor of the core tube of the main building is made of C60 concrete, and the 32nd to 62nd floors of the core tube of the main building are made of C50 concrete. C60 concrete is used in the basement to 3 1 floor, and C50 concrete is used in the 32nd to 62nd floor. C60 concrete 17488 m3, C50 concrete 33708 m3. Among them, the thickness of the foundation cap of the main building is 4m, which is 13500m3 C50 high-grade concrete, and it is continuously cast at one time. In the continuous pouring and tamping of such a large high-grade concrete, reasonable materials and mix design are selected, and the "internal dispersion and external storage method" is adopted for maintenance, and it is equipped with cooling water pipes, plastic film straw mulching and computer temperature measurement system. Control the peak temperature rise in concrete within 100℃, and make the temperature difference between inside and outside less than 25℃. The internal cooling speed of concrete was accelerated, and the construction period was shortened. The maintenance was completed in only two weeks.
5, building energy-saving technology
The main infilled wall and fireproof partition wall of Jinmao Building adopt hollow blocks. In which 120mm thick block is 490 1m2, 190mm thick block is 49742m2, 250mm thick block is 1098m2 and 300mm thick block is 3493m2.
Roof insulation layer is also used for the podium roof and local roof of the main building of Jinmao Building. Among them, the podium roof is about 7500 square meters, and the local roof of the main building is about 2500 square meters.
6, rigid PVC plastic pipe application technology
In the construction of the foundation slab of the podium of Jinmao Building, the large-area electrostatic discharge layer technology, which appeared for the first time in China, was adopted. φ 100PVC pipe 1 184m, φ 150PVC pipe 511m. Groundwater is discharged to the collecting well through a large area of filter layer, and then pumped to the ground, releasing and reducing the buoyancy of groundwater to the floor. In this technology, porous PVC filter tubes are arranged in crisscross blind ditches. With the application of large-area electrostatic discharge layer technology, the thickness of the podium foundation slab is only about 0.6 meters, while the thickness of the foundation slab according to the traditional design is at least 1.
Jinmao Tower
.5-2.0m, which is about 0.9m thinner than the traditional method.
7. Comprehensive utilization technology of fly ash
The foundation cap of the main building of Jinmao Mansion is C50 high-grade concrete with a volume of 1.35 million cubic meters. In the mix design, we add a certain amount of ground fly ash to give play to its "ball effect" and improve the workability and pumpability of concrete. Therefore, it replaces part of cement and reduces the hydration heat of concrete. At the same time, a certain amount of fly ash is also mixed in the mixing process of masonry mortar. The consumption of fly ash is about 4500 tons, which achieves the purpose of energy saving and high efficiency.
8, building waterproof engineering new technology
The design requires a waterproof layer under the foundation slab of Jinmao Building. Waterproof materials include CR bentonite waterproof membrane, bentonite caulking agent and multipurpose bentonite powder, which are made of fibers packaged by American colloid company. Waterproof coiled material is used for large-area paving, and caulking agent and multipurpose powder are used for joint filling and hole filling. The amount of CR expansion is about 23,608 square meters. CR bentonite waterproof series material is a composite material of flexible high-strength polypropylene fabric and volcanic ash sodium bentonite. Its technical characteristics are: swelling in water, softness, high strength, pollution resistance and aging resistance. Its application enriches and develops the types of waterproof materials in China, and provides practical experience for the research and application of new waterproof materials in the future.
9. Modern management technology and computer application
Jinmao Building has a large amount of information and a wide range. In view of this situation, computer technology is widely used in the process of construction management. Computer management software is used in financial management, contract budget, personnel file management, construction plan management, design and compilation of construction scheme, drawing of construction sample drawings and design of deepening drawings.
10, application of other new technologies
During the construction of Jinmao Mansion, we also applied a series of new technologies, such as "super-large and ultra-deep foundation pit supporting technology", "high-precision measurement technology" and "large vertical transportation machinery application technology".
The basement of Jinmao Mansion has an excavation area of nearly 20,000 square meters, a foundation pit circumference of 570 meters, an excavation depth of 19.65 meters and an earthwork volume of 320,000 cubic meters, which is the foundation with the largest excavation area and the deepest excavation depth in soft soil foundation construction in Shanghai. In the aspect of foundation pit enclosure, the whole cast-in-place reinforced concrete internal support technology of grid structure is designed, which not only ensures the engineering quality and safety, but also shortens the construction period and improves the economic benefit.
Measurement is the "eye" in engineering construction, especially in the construction of Jinmao Building of this scale, the importance of measurement is more prominent. In the construction, high-precision measuring instruments such as WILDT2 theodolite and DII600 laser rangefinder are used, polar coordinates combined with rectangular coordinates are used to set out the axis, zenith inverted cone method is used for strict measurement review, and round-trip leveling is used to control the elevation. According to the different compression, shrinkage and settlement of steel bar and concrete, pre-control correction compensation is adopted, and good results are obtained.
[Edit this paragraph] Business Office
The special waiting hall for the office area in the lobby has a unique shape, just like the magnificent pyramid of ancient Egypt. Five groups of 26 high-speed elevators specially designed for office use a unique glass car and glass hall, which are spacious and bright, and can send guests to all office floors quickly and comfortably without transfer. The configuration of 5-6 elevators on every tenth floor can ensure that the waiting time of elevators does not exceed 45 seconds during peak hours, which gives people convenient transportation.
The elevators in the office area also have innovative "air docking" self-service function. Once there is a fault in the middle, the remote control system GRT will instruct the adjacent elevators to pull over quickly, and the side door of the elevator car will open automatically, so that the guests can get out of trouble quickly.
The office area of Jinmao Tower is located on the 3rd-50th floors of the tower, with a building area of122,871m2, all of which are large spaces without columns, with a height of 4m and a clear height of 2.7m Tenants can divide and arrange them according to their own needs.
The long lighting windows in the office area are spacious and bright, and the natural lighting reaches the best state. The lighting embedded lampshade, 1.5m× 1.5m, is evenly arranged, with even illumination and soft light, and the illumination reaches 450-500LUX, which has no reflection on the computer screen and glare, and is beneficial to eye protection in the computer age.
The air conditioning system in the office area of Jinmao Building adopts the world-advanced low-temperature air supply variable air volume unit, and the fresh air volume is 0.5 liters/second/person. There are also 24 manual thermostats in each office area, which can adjust the room temperature at will within the range of 19℃ -29℃. At the end of the air conditioning system, there is a silencer to provide a quiet office environment for guests. The air conditioning design of Jinmao Building won the Excellent Design Award of American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers.
There is also a tea room on each floor of the office area, which provides drinking water and boiled water filtered by sand filtration, activated carbon filtration and ultraviolet disinfection for 24 hours, and provides clean and hygienic drinking water for guests free of charge.
[Edit this paragraph] Grand Hyatt Jinmao Hotel
Shanghai Jinmao Grand Hyatt Hotel is located on floors 53-87 of Jinmao Tower, which is the world's tallest hotel with the most complete facilities and the most luxurious decoration. The hotel has 555 rooms/suites, including all deluxe rooms, located on the 58th-85th floors, of which the 78th-85th floor is the hotel administration building (7th floor), and the 82nd floor is equipped with a VIP reception room, a special meeting room, a business center and a reception room, and provides breakfast and rest services for the VIP. There are nine types of rooms, with double rooms accounting for 37%, single rooms accounting for 55% and suites accounting for 8%. Grand Hyatt Shanghai has luxurious and beautiful rooms, all of which can enjoy the beautiful scenery of Shencheng. The multifunctional TV set in the large guest room is equipped with remote control keyboard, internet connection and online financial information; CAT5 high-speed personal computer connection. The shower room is equipped with a high-tech three-nozzle shower tower, a steam-proof mirror (for personal decoration), a glass washbasin and a double-sided wardrobe. It has a well-equipped business center, two large and medium-sized banquet halls and ten conference halls, equipped with advanced art multimedia equipment and audio-visual facilities. Various restaurants, bars with different moods, oasis fitness center, 57-storey indoor swimming pool and 88-storey observation deck.
The piano bar and exquisite bar on the 53rd floor are comfortable and leisure, which can provide drinking, sightseeing and entertainment for 108 guests. The 54th floor is the air lobby with a coffee shop and buffet breakfast, lunch and dinner. Yue Zhenxuan, on the 55th floor, occupies the first floor, with elegant seats and various private rooms in the style of Qiongtai Xiange, which can accommodate 200 people at the same time.
"Shi zai 56" is located on the 56th floor, offering authentic Italian pizza, Italian western food, American barbecue and Japanese cuisine, and can provide meals for 275 guests. "Eating at 56" is always an open-hearth furnace with a unique scene and atmosphere, which makes every guest feel that it is not only a food leisure, but also a cultural exchange. When you walk into the atrium bar on the 56th floor, it is even more distinctive. Looking up at the unique hotel atrium in the world, it is as high as 1.52 meters, emitting charming aura, just like mountains. The front of the stage is a huge oil painting, colorful and magnificent. The high-speed elevator goes up and down in the glass curtain wall above the oil painting, looming, and the pianist is playing world famous songs for you. You'll think it's better than paradise on earth.
Located in the fitness center on the 57th floor, it has an indoor temperature-controlled swimming pool, equipped with water bath facilities, fitness equipment, bodybuilding, dancing, massage and hairdressing, and medical offices for men, women and children.
Jinmao Concert Hall is located on the first floor of the podium of Jinmao Building. It consists of two parts: a concert hall and an art corridor. It has 398 seats and mainly plays chamber music. In 2005, Jinmao Group invited Mr. Qin Liwei, an internationally renowned cellist, to be the artistic director of the concert hall. It aims to build Jinmao Concert Hall into an elegant cultural and artistic place with good musical atmosphere, complete hardware facilities and high artistic level.
At the same time, Jinmao Concert Hall regularly holds a series of activities of MusicAfter6 Music Salon to integrate all kinds of music. In addition, famous concert series and Jinmao Music Art Forum are held, and famous musicians and performers at home and abroad are regularly invited to visit Jinmao Concert Hall to communicate with the audience in Shanghai.
Jinmao Concert Hall is a cultural industry supporting Jinmao Office Building, Jinmao Grand Hyatt Hotel and Jinmao 88th Floor Sightseeing Hall.
The 86th floor of Jinmao Mansion is the most luxurious member club in Shanghai, with 4 private rooms for Chinese food, 1 western restaurant, billiards room, sauna room, massage room, bar and KTV room. Located on the 87th and 87th floors, the "Jiuchongtian Lounge" can provide all kinds of drinks for 248 guests to relax and enjoy the beautiful scenery on both sides of the Pujiang River.
China Jinmao (Group) entrusts the world-renowned Hyatt Regency International Group to operate and manage Jinmao Hyatt Regency Hotel.
[Edit this paragraph] podium function
The podium has 6 floors, with a building area of 32,270 square meters. There is a 700-square-meter exhibition hall on the first floor of the podium, which can accommodate a 380-seat demonstration hall, a small conference room and a multi-function hall. The lecture hall is equipped with simultaneous interpretation and top audio-visual equipment, and can hold press conferences, academic reports and international conferences. The 3rd-6th floors of the podium were originally designed as large shopping malls. In fact, the exquisite internal structure reveals a high degree of harmony and unity with the architectural sketch. Zigzag bridges and arch bridges across the atrium of the podium; If you walk on it, it seems that you have come to Shanghai Yuyuan Garden and Suzhou, which is the second Pompidou Cultural and Art Center in the far west. If you don't believe me, you are welcome to take a walk and have a look.
On the second floor of the podium, there is a banquet hall for thousands of people, a crystal hall for 750 people, and many guest rooms, conference rooms and multi-function rooms. The podium 3-4 faces the northern end of century avenue, Pudong. It is Pujin Entertainment Center, with colorful stage performance hall, dance floor, bar, food and KTV private rooms. This is a good place for you to relax and enjoy leisure after a busy and stressful day's work or during a leisure holiday.
[Edit this paragraph] Jinmao Building-Jinmao Group
Jinmao group
China Jinmao (Group) Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Jinmao Group" in Chinese and "Jinmao Group" in English) was established in1February 1993 with a registered capital of 2.635 billion yuan. Its shareholders are China Sinochem Corporation, COFCO Corporation, China Minmetals Corporation and other 10 large enterprise groups. It is a large-scale enterprise operating in accordance with the modern enterprise system and modern property rights system.
As the exclusive developer of Jinmao Tower, Jinmao Group is rooted in this hot land of Pudong, and has initially formed three functions: taking Jinmao Tower as the carrier, strengthening and extending the management of advanced buildings and facilities, the management of advanced hotels and the development of high-end tourism and leisure products as the core, organically connecting and developing together, and realizing its own development and growth.
Looking forward to the future, Jinmao Group will build a brand economy and organization, realize strategic expansion and become an excellent enterprise with international competitiveness and influence by strengthening and extending its functions, strategic alliance, brand strategy, capital operation and organizational capacity building.
[Edit this paragraph] Economic benefits
The popularization and application of new technology in Jinmao Building has made us taste the sweetness of transforming technology into productivity. It not only saves energy and resources, but also achieves good economic and social benefits. * * * total savings of nearly 25 million yuan. At the same time, through the application of new technology, the transformation project of scientific and technological achievements in the construction industry has been greatly promoted, a number of talents applying new technology have been trained, the quality of construction workers has been comprehensively improved, and the formation and development of a number of emerging scientific and technological industries and enterprises have been promoted. The application of the laws of market economy has promoted the close combination of science and technology and economy, and demonstrated the great potential of scientific and technological productivity.