(1) The heat dissipation of the human body is mainly realized through the skin. In addition, a small amount of heat is lost by heating the air and evaporating water through the respiratory tract, and a small amount of heat is lost with the discharge of urine and feces. Heat dissipation through the skin surface can be divided into two categories: direct heat dissipation and evaporative heat dissipation. The heat directly dissipated through the skin depends on the temperature difference between the skin surface and the external environment, and the temperature of the human body surface can be controlled by changing the amount of blood flowing through the skin. Blood vessels in the skin are slack. Skin blood vessels contract and the blood flow is small, so the body surface temperature is low. Therefore, the human body can change the heat dissipation of the human body in a considerable range by changing the contraction state of skin blood vessels. Sweat evaporation requires heat absorption. At room temperature, although the human body does not sweat obviously, there is still water oozing from the stratum corneum on the skin surface and evaporating, which is called not sweating. However, when the ambient temperature rises above 28 ~ 30℃, sweat secretion will increase, and evaporation will become the main way of skin heat dissipation. When the ambient temperature rises to be equal to the body temperature, evaporation will become the only way for the skin to dissipate heat.

(2) According to the information in the picture, it is concluded that the higher the living latitude, the stronger the body shape (or the larger the pelvic width), or the larger the average pelvic width, the stronger the body shape.

(3) In the process of metabolism, nutrients in the body are constantly biooxidized and release energy. The main heat-producing organs of human body are skeletal muscle and liver, followed by heart and brain, and other organs account for a small proportion of total heat production. When people are at rest, the heat production of liver accounts for 20% ~ 30% of the total heat production, skeletal muscle accounts for 25%, and brain accounts for 65,438+05%.

(4) Living things are adaptive to the environment. They are all at low latitudes because of the differences in land and sea positions and landforms; The altitude of residence is obviously different; The climate in different regions is very different; Different eating habits, etc. In order to adapt to different environments, some people are stronger and some people are not so strong. Therefore, the pelvic width of some human races living in low latitudes is obviously different from that of most human races living in the same latitudes, and the main reason for this difference is that the altitude of the place of residence is obviously different (or different eating habits or genetic variation, etc.). ).

(5) A person's height is not only related to his age, sex, race and geographical location of his place of residence, but also related to his geographical environment, eating habits (nutrition), sleeping time and genetic factors. Therefore, in the blank space of "questionnaire on related factors affecting ethnic height", you can fill in: height; Eating habits; Geographical environment, etc.

So the answer is: (1) skin.

(2) The higher the living latitude, the stronger the body shape (the wider the pelvis).

(3) generate more heat and maintain the stability of body temperature to adapt to the cold environment.

(4) The altitude of residence is obviously different (or different eating habits, or genetic variation, etc. (Write a little).

(5) height; Eating habits; (or geographical environment, etc. )