It is very important to confirm that the uterus will return to the pre-pregnancy state (involution) at the time of confinement after pregnancy and delivery 10 months.
When the fetus and placenta give birth, the height of the uterine bottom will drop from the costal margin to the navel, and the weight of the whole uterus is about 1 kg.
Two days after delivery, the uterus will gradually shrink. After delivery 1 week, the weight of the uterus is only about 500 grams. Mommy can easily touch the uterus from her stomach, just like there is a hard ball in her stomach, and even moves left and right when she touches it.
The postpartum endometrium falls off and becomes vaginal secretion, which is called lochia, and usually ends naturally in 2 ~ 3 weeks. Observing the changes of lochia can help us understand the recovery of mommy's body.
In the Old Testament, it takes six weeks for the uterus to recover, of which 1 week and the second week are the most critical.
2 Postpartum physiological changes 1 week Postpartum 1 week is the most dramatic stage of physiological changes. Mothers should pay special attention to the following seven important physiological changes:
Change 1: The red lochia is mainly blood and mucus, which is composed of some residual tissues at the implantation position of placenta. 1 ~ 3 days after delivery, lochia is bright red or white, with no taste or slight fishy smell.
4 ~ 7 days after delivery, the endometrium in the placenta gradually healed, and the amount of lochia gradually became less and thinner. This is serous lochia.
Note: postpartum mommy can carefully observe the color of lochia to judge whether there is any abnormality in uterine recovery. If the red lochia persists and produces a lot of odor, she must see a doctor as soon as possible.
Change 2: Postpartum pain. Postpartum pain, like pain during childbirth, is caused by intermittent uterine contractions. Usually, postpartum pain lasts for 2 to 3 days or longer.
The uterus will continue to contract after the first delivery, so there will be less postpartum pain. For the uterus with more than two children, the muscles will contract and relax intermittently, so you will feel the pain in the uterus for a while.
Caesarean section is as painful as natural delivery, but it will aggravate the pain of the wound, so sometimes it will be very confused.
In addition, if the postpartum uterus is not emptied, placental tissue remains or a large number of blood clots accumulate, then the uterus will try to expel these objects, and postpartum pain will be particularly obvious; And mothers with multiple births or polyhydramnios will also have strong postpartum pain.
Methods to relieve postpartum pain: if severe postpartum pain causes discomfort or anxiety and insomnia, you can take prone position or get out of bed to help the uterus discharge accumulated blood clots;
Or massage the Sanyinjiao point of the foot (Sanyinjiao point is located on both sides of the foot, three inches above the ankle tip, about the combined length of the four fingers, and the posterior edge of the tibia), which can also relieve the pain.
Change 3: lose 5 to 6 kilograms. Postpartum weight usually decreases by about 9 to 10 kg. During childbirth, due to the discharge of fetus, amniotic fluid and placenta and blood loss, the mother's weight will immediately drop by 5 to 6 kilograms or more.
But after delivery 1 week, urination will be particularly obvious. During this period, the edema during pregnancy will gradually subside and the weight will be reduced by 2 to 4 kilograms. The more serious the edema before delivery, the more obvious the weight loss.
Uterine contraction and lochia discharge can further reduce the body weight of 1 kg. Generally, it drops by 5 to 7 kilograms just after delivery, because the fetus accounts for about 3 kilograms, and the blood loss during delivery is about 1 kg, the placenta is 500 grams to 1 kg, and the amniotic fluid is 500 grams to 1 kg.
Change 4: easy to constipation. Postpartum gastrointestinal changes are extremely obvious. The most common problem is constipation. In the process of production, the abdominal muscles contract excessively, which leads to the damage of the large intestine and makes it unable to function.
In addition, there are psychological factors. Some mothers are afraid of postpartum wound pain and dare not go to the toilet. These are the reasons for constipation.
The methods of assisting defecation include restoring overstretched abdominal muscle tension through exercise, getting out of bed early, promoting uterine contraction, healing wounds as soon as possible, and defecating normally. At the same time, it is also important to have a balanced diet and absorb enough water.
Change 5: A few days after breast sclerosis and milk secretion, there will be normal breast milk. The secretion of milk varies from person to person, and the situation of each child of the same mother is different.
Postpartum breasts can secrete yellowish colostrum, which contains a large number of antibodies and immunoglobulins, which can protect newborns from gastrointestinal infections. Compared with normal breast milk, colostrum contains more protein.
At the beginning of secretion, the breast will harden, there will be tenderness, sometimes there will be a pain, and sometimes the pain will extend to the armpit. This kind of breast pain usually disappears within 1 to 2 days.
Eat more high-protein food after delivery, and let the baby suck breast milk early, let the breast empty, or proper breast care can help the secretion of milk.
Change 6: Large urine output. Because of the injury caused during childbirth, the postpartum bladder often becomes edema and congestion, and the sensitivity of feeling and muscle tension will be reduced.
Coupled with the diuretic effect after delivery, the body will excrete a lot of urine within 12 ~ 14 hours after delivery. If you don't pay attention to excrete urine, the bladder will be damaged by excessive expansion.
Get out of bed and urinate within 4 hours after delivery. If it cannot be discharged, you can clean the perineum with warm water or gently press the upper part of the pubic bone with your hand. If you still can't urinate smoothly, you should inform the nursing staff and introduce urine if necessary. Normally, your bladder will recover within 5 to 7 days after delivery.
Change 7: within a few days after delivery, the body will sweat a lot and discharge a lot of water stored in the body during pregnancy. This situation does not need special treatment, but you should always dry your sweat and change your clothes to avoid catching cold or affecting your personal hygiene.
3 physiological changes in the second week after delivery lochia will change from yellow-brown to yellow-white in the second and third weeks (after 7 ~ 14 days), and the amount will also decrease. Usually in the third week after delivery, the secretion will gradually disappear, and 7 ~ 2 1 day after delivery, the secretion is milky yellow or white and tasteless.
The injury of birth canal during delivery will cause the relaxation of supporting tissues such as vagina and pelvic muscles. Common pelvic relaxation diseases include uterine prolapse, bladder prolapse, rectal prolapse and urinary incontinence. These symptoms will not appear immediately.
However, with the increase of age and the number of births, these symptoms will gradually worsen, and moderate postpartum exercise can reduce pelvic relaxation.
It should be noted that since it takes six weeks for the uterus to recover from the Old Testament, excessive exercise should be avoided as much as possible during this period. About 2 weeks after delivery, the wound is basically healed, and you can do some gentle stretching exercises or floor exercises.
Women who give birth through vagina can start pelvic exercises (Kaigl contraction) to promote vaginal contraction and reduce the chances of urinary incontinence, uterus and vaginal prolapse in the future. But most importantly, no sport can be forced.
Note: The increased burden on the uterus during pregnancy is indescribable. Just look at the size of the uterus before and after. Therefore, the uterus should be restored to its original state as soon as possible after delivery.
In order to restore the function of the uterus as soon as possible, the most important thing is to completely discharge the congestion in the uterus. If the uterus can be in a vacuum state, the secretion of hormones will be particularly active and the function of the uterus will be better than before pregnancy.
4 After finishing the month, there is still lochia. After finishing the month, lochia still persists. The possible reasons are as follows:
Some women who have just given birth to a child with uterine malnutrition and experienced massive bleeding need longer contractions to promote uterine contraction and recovery.
Intrauterine residue occasionally shows placental residue or blood clots deposited in the uterine cavity, which can be diagnosed by ultrasound.
Dysfunctional uterine bleeding The uterus is ready to return to normal menstrual cycle, but the ovarian function has not fully recovered, leading to irregular bleeding before normal menstruation.
Inflammation of vagina, cervix or pelvic cavity can also cause abnormal bleeding, which can be detected by examination.
Breast-fed babies sucking nipples can cause uterine contractions. If it is possible to cause a small amount of punctate bleeding, first analyze the amount and type of bleeding, and consult a doctor if necessary.
Complementary therapy or other nursed back to health drugs Some people continue to take biochemical soup or other postpartum prescriptions regularly after the end of the month, which may also cause irregular bleeding.