1. Principle of objectivity
It means seeking truth from facts, excluding subjective prejudice, and basing everything on objective reality.
Case 20 14: As the first author, Haruko Kobao, a new academic, published a paper in Nature, saying that he found a simpler method to cultivate pluripotent stem cells (STAP), which made it possible to replace organs as easily as machine parts in the future. This discovery immediately caused a great sensation in academic circles. Japanese media excitedly called Haruko Bao Fang Jr. a "national treasure" and thought that she would become "Madame Curie of Japan".
However, some scientists quickly pointed out that Bao Fang Haruko Jr.' s paper was suspected of fraud. After that, the investigation committee also held a press conference to announce that the paper did have the problem of data fraud, and other authors of the paper also expressed their support for withdrawing the paper. However, Haruko Kobayashi still insists that the STAP preparation method does exist, and the Japanese Institute of Physical Chemistry agrees that Haruko Kobayashi should prove his innocence. On August 5, Xiao Haruko's mentor Jing hanged himself because of the pressure of public opinion. Finally, on February 19 of the year 65438+, Japan Institute of Physical Chemistry issued a statement: "The verification failed to confirm STAP phenomenon, so the verification plan was terminated." On the same day, Xiao Baofang Haruko resigned, and the scientific scandal that plagued 20 14 for nearly a year finally settled.
2. Educational principles
It means that students' physical and mental health should not be harmed. Considering the possible negative impact of research, it should meet the moral requirements.
Keith Watson and his colleagues conducted an experiment on a baby named Albert. At first, they let little Albert play games with mice. At this time, little Albert looked very comfortable and happy. But then when Albert touched the mouse, Watson hit the hanging iron bar with a hammer behind Albert Jr., making a loud noise. Little Albert burst into tears and looked very scared. In this way, after repeated rounds, when the mouse appeared again, little Albert would appear very painful and scared and desperately wanted to leave. Obviously, this experiment proves the behavior of some people.
But to make matters worse, little Albert has been unable to face mice or even other furry things normally after the experiment, which has had a very bad impact on his life. The negative consequences of the experiment have caused great controversy around the world, and people have denounced Watson's research on Shanghai. Finally, the world-famous psychologist had to leave the field of psychology.
It can be seen that every principle of scientific research is based on countless lessons of blood and tears. When we become a teacher and devote ourselves to scientific research, we should keep in mind our initial intentions and complete the research on the premise of observing the principles.