1. The foot of my bed is shining with such bright light. Is it frosted already? .

I looked up at the moon and looked down, feeling nostalgic. (Li Bai: "Silent Night Thinking")

2. How vast the world is, how close the trees are to heaven and how close the moon is to the water! . (Meng Haoran: "Jiande River Sleeping at Night")

3. Moonlight in the pine forest and crystal stone in the stream. (Wang Wei: "Autumn in a Mountain Residence")

4. In the dim moonlight, wild geese are soaring, and the leader of the Tatars is fleeing in the dark. (Lu Lun: "Xia Sai Qu")

5. Until, holding up my cup, I asked the bright moon to bring me my shadow and let the three of us. (Li Bai: "Drinking the Moon Alone")

6. I don't know the month when I am an hour, which is called Bai Yupan. (Li Bai: Gulangyu)

7. It's so light that no one can hear it except my partner, Mingyue. (Wang Wei: Bamboo House)

8. The moon surprises the birds, and the sound enters the spring stream. (Wang Wei: "Bird Song Stream")

9. People have joys and sorrows, and the moon has ups and downs. (Su Shi: "When will there be a bright moon?" )

10. The moon was closed in Qin and the Long March people did not return. (Wang Changling: "Out of the Plug")

1 1. Poor third day of September, the dew is like a pearl, and the moon is like a bow. (Bai Juyi: Mu Jiang Yin)

12. Until, holding up my cup, I asked the bright moon to bring me my shadow and make the three of us. (Li Bai's "Drinking the Moon Alone")

13. When will there be a bright moon? Ask heaven for wine. (Su Shi: Tune)

14. Pity the dusk and the moon. Where are you going? Where are you going? Did another person just see you rise in the East? Is the sky sweaty outside, but the wind is mighty to send the Mid-Autumn Festival? It is like a mirror that flies to the sky, but it won't fall off. Who tied it with an invisible long rope? Chang 'e in the Moon Palace is still unmarried. Who kept her? I heard that the moon swam across the bottom of the sea, but I can't see why. This is an unpredictable thing, but also a worrying and terrible thing. I'm afraid that the whale in the sea will hit the Jade Palace and Qionglou in the Moon Palace. From the bottom of the sea, water won't worry about water, but did rabbits ever learn to swim? If all this is safe, why does it gradually become a link? (Xin Qiji's "Magnolia Slow")

The ancient moon

The ancient moon hangs motionless in the sky around Gansu and Xinjiang in China (that is, the revolution speed of the moon and the rotation speed of the earth can be kept in sync), and it is very close to the earth, and you can see the mountains and valleys on the moon. Later, due to the impact of celestial bodies on the moon, the revolution speed of the moon was accelerated, and the centrifugal force of the moon was increased, thus moving away from the earth, thus causing global tidal waves and floods.

Evidence:

1: There is a saying in China that the sky inclines to the northwest and the ground sinks to the southeast.

2. There is a saying in China that "a foot grows taller every day".

Maya civilization knows more about celestial bodies in the universe than human beings today, but there is no record of the moon in Mayan civilization.

Archaeologists found that ancient tombs in China all face northwest or north, which accords with the principle of "Ascending to Heaven after death".

In the legend of Yao nationality, the moon used to be very close to the earth, and you could see the mountains and valleys on the moon.

According to Indian legend, there was no moon before, but there has been a moon since the flood.

7. Before Dayu's flood control, there was no record about the movement of the moon, only the legend that "Lapras, the Yellow Emperor God, was between heaven and earth".

8. Noah's Ark, Dayu controlled the water, and Indonesians also had a big flood. The legend of the great flood spread in various cultures all over the world, and the extinction of Mayan civilization happened at the time of the great flood. Archaeologists also believe that there was indeed a worldwide great flood.

9. There is a legend of the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon in China, but how did the ancients know that people could stand on the moon as big as a plate without knowing the gravity and the size of the moon? Unless you see mountains and valleys on the moon.

10: Modern science has proved that the moon is indeed far away from the earth.

The myth about the moon

In ancient myths of China, there are countless stories about the moon. In ancient Greek mythology, the name of the goddess of the moon was themis. She is the twin sister of Apollo, the sun god, and the goddess of hunting. The astronomical symbol of the moon is like a crescent moon, symbolizing the bow of Artemis. The Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon and WU GANG cut the laurels.

The moon is the only natural satellite of the earth and the closest celestial body to the earth. Its average distance from the earth is about 384,406,5438+0 km. Its average diameter is about 3476 kilometers, slightly larger than the earth's diameter 1/4. The surface area of the moon is 38 million kilometers, which is not as big as our Asia. The mass of the moon is about 735 billion tons, which is equivalent to 1/8 1 of the earth's mass, and the surface gravity of the moon is almost equivalent to 1/6 of the earth's gravity.

The orbit of the moon The moon orbits the earth in an elliptical orbit. The great circle cut by this orbital plane on the celestial sphere is called "White Road". The ecliptic plane is neither coincident with the celestial equator nor parallel to the ecliptic plane, and its spatial position is constantly changing.

The period is 173 days.

The rotation of the moon The rotation period of the moon around the earth is 27.438+066 days, which happens to be a sidereal moon, so we can't see the back of the moon. We call this phenomenon "synchronous rotation", which is almost universal in the satellite world.

Pass the law. It is generally believed that it is the result of the long-term tidal action of planets on satellites. The libration is a wonderful phenomenon, which enables us to see 59% of the moon. There are mainly the following reasons:

1。 In different parts of the elliptical orbit, the rotation speed does not match the revolution angular speed. 2。 The intersection of the white road and the equator.

The physical condition of the moon-the topography on the surface of the moon mainly includes:

The name crater was given by Galileo. It is a remarkable feature of the lunar surface, covering almost the whole lunar surface. The largest crater is the Bailey Mountain near the South Pole, with a diameter of 295 kilometers, which is a little larger than Hainan Island. Small round mountain

It may even be a pothole of dozens of centimeters. There are about 33,000 with a diameter of not less than 65,438+000m m. It accounts for 7- 10% of the lunar area.

A Japanese scholar put forward the classification of craters in 1969, which can be divided into clavian type (generally ancient craters)

Beyond recognition, some are mountains in the mountains) Copernican style (young craters often have "radiation patterns" and the inner walls generally have

Concentric hills, generally with a central peak in the center) Archimedes (with a low ring wall, which may have evolved from Copernicus), bowls and dimples (small craters, some of which are less than one meter in diameter).

The dark part of the moon seen by the naked eye is actually a vast plain on the moon. Due to historical reasons, this misnamed name has been preserved to this day.

There are 22 identified moon seas, and some landforms are called "moon seas" or "moon-like seas". Most of the 22 recognized ones are distributed on the front of the moon. Three in the back and four on the side. On the front of the moon, the sea area is slightly larger than.

50%, of which the largest "storm ocean" covers an area of 5 million square kilometers, almost equivalent to the total area of nine France. Most of the moon seas are generally round and oval, most of them are closed by some mountains, but some of them are

Connect together. Besides the sea, there are five lakes with similar topography-Hu Meng, Dead Lake, Fox Xia, Qiuhu and Chun Hu, but some lakes are bigger than the sea. For example, Hu Meng covers an area of 70,000 square kilometers, which is bigger than Qihai.

A lot. The parts of the moon and the ocean that extend to the land are called "bays" and "swamps", and they are both distributed on the front. There are five bays: Luwan, Xiawan, Central Bay, Hongwan and Yue Mei Bay. There are three kinds of marshes: humus, epidemic marshes and dream marshes. Actually, there is no difference between a swamp and a bay.

The topography of the Moon Sea is generally low, similar to the basins on the earth, and the Moon Sea is lower than the average monthly horizon by 1-2km.

Some of the lowest sea areas, such as the southeastern part of the rainy sea, are even 6000 meters lower than the surrounding areas. The albedo of the moon (a physical quantity to measure the ability to reflect sunlight) is also relatively low, so it looks darker now.

The land and mountains on the moon last month are called the moon land, which is generally 2-3 kilometers above the horizon of the moon sea. Because of the high albedo, it looks brighter. On the front of the moon, the land of the moon is roughly equal to the ocean of the moon.

But on the back of the moon, the land of the moon is much bigger than the ocean of the moon. Isotope determination shows that the moon and land are much older than the moon and ocean, and they are the oldest landforms on the moon.

On the moon, in addition to many craters, there are some mountains similar to those on the earth. Mountains on the moon often borrow the names of mountains on the earth, such as Alps and Caucasus mountains. The longest mountain range is the Apennines, which stretches for 1000 km, but its height is only three or four kilometers higher than the moon horizon. There are also some steep peaks in the mountains, whose height was overestimated in the past. At present, it is believed that the heights of most peaks are similar to those of the earth, and the highest peaks (also near the south pole of the moon) are only 9000 meters and 8000 meters.

On the moon, there are 6 peaks over 6000 meters, 20 at 5000-6000 meters, 80 at 4000-5000 meters, and 200 at 1000 meters.

The mountains on the moon have a common feature: the slopes on both sides are asymmetrical, and the slopes on the seaward side are steep, sometimes cliff-shaped, while the other side is quite flat.

In addition to the high mountains, there are four cliffs hundreds of kilometers long on the moon. Three of them stand out in the Moon Sea, also known as the "Moon Graben".

Another main feature of the radiation pattern on the surface of the moon is that some young craters often have beautiful "radiation patterns", which is a bright belt extending in all directions with craters as the radiation point, and it passes through mountains, the moon sea and craters almost in a straight line. The length and brightness of radiation patterns are different, and the most striking one is the radiation pattern of Tycho crater. The longest one is as long as 1800 km, especially at full moon. Secondly, Copernicus and Kepler craters also have quite beautiful radiation patterns. According to statistics, there are 50 craters with radiation patterns.

The reason for the formation of radiation pattern is still inconclusive. Essentially, it is closely related to the theory of crater formation. At present, many people tend to say that meteorite impact may make high-temperature debris fly far on the moon, with no atmosphere and little gravity. Other scientists believe that the function of volcano is not ruled out, and the eruption of volcano may also form a flying radiation shape.

Moon Gap There are many famous rift valleys on the earth, such as the Great Rift Valley in East Africa. There is also such a structure on the surface of the moon-those seemingly winding black cracks are the Moon Valley, and some extend for hundreds of meters to Qian Qian meters, with widths ranging from several kilometers to tens of kilometers. Most of those broad moon valleys appear on the flat land of the moon, while those narrow and narrow moon valleys (sometimes called moon streams) can be seen everywhere. The most famous Moon Valley is the alpine Moon Valley connecting Yuhai and Leng Hai, which is located in the southeast of Plato's crater. It cut off the Alps on the moon, which is very spectacular. The photos taken from space are estimated to be 130 km long and 10- 12 km wide.