Guinness World Records for the Longest Living Person-146 years old
In Indonesia, there is a long-lived old man named Mabagosso, who is also the Guinness World Record holder and lived 146 years old. Lao Ren was born in 1870 and died in16 at the age of 146.
The study believes that there are two factors that determine human life span.
One is our biological age;
The second is the "elasticity" of the human body, which is the so-called self-resilience.
The human body is composed of trillions of cells, and these cells also determine our life span. Generally speaking, we think that human cells can only divide 50 times. After this number, no new cells will be produced. If there are no new cells, metabolism will stop. When a large number of old cells die, the internal organs composed of cells will also fail, eventually leading to human death. The average division cycle of human somatic cell division is 2.4 years.
We know that there are a large number of cells in the human body to maintain the normal operation of the human body, and cells replicate themselves through division, which is simply "divided into two, divided into four, and divided into eight". A cell can eventually divide and replicate into many cells.
However, these cells can't divide and replicate indefinitely, but have their own destination. So what is the end point of cell life?
Actually, it has something to do with telomeres.
Telomere is a short DNA- protein complex located at the end of DNA chain. Its existence has no other function, just like a hat at the end of DNA chain.
But telomeres shorten in length as they divide. Simply put, every time a cell divides, the telomere on each chromosome will gradually become shorter.
For example, if the initial telomere is 100 RMB, at the beginning, a DNA strand contains 100 RMB, but once a cell divides, it will become two cells, and each cell can only have 50 yuan RMB. Then, as the cell divides, the RMB will split again. Until the RMB is inseparable, the cell will activate the apoptosis mechanism. Therefore, telomeres are also called "biological clocks" by scientists.
In 2009, the discovery of how telomere and telomerase protect chromosomes won three scientists the Nobel Prize in Physiology (Medicine Prize) that year.
196 1 According to the experimental observation, the number of embryonic cells is regular, while human cells will all die after 50 generations of division, and the division cycle is about 2.4 years.
So from the perspective of telomere, the theoretical life span of human beings should be 120 years.
However, there are many factors that affect telomere length. In 2005, an article in The Lancet, a famous medical journal, mentioned that drinking and smoking will shorten the length of telomeres, so life expectancy will be shorter. In addition, scientists also found that telomeres are not as long as possible. For example, the occurrence of cancer is related to whether telomeres are too long or no longer shortened.
At present, scientists have successfully used nanotechnology to maintain telomere length in the laboratory, thus prolonging the life span of mouse brain cells by 3-4 times. In addition, through transgenic technology, the number of cell division of human vascular endothelial cells has increased from 65 to more than 200, breaking the "hayflick limit" (that is, the limit of cell division is 40-60 times). If we follow the speed of this discovery and the maturity of various technologies, the infinite improvement of human life will not be far off.
By that time, perhaps human beings will no longer be confused about aging and death, and everyone can live to hundreds or even thousands of years at will.
Of course, you may have heard that people's life expectancy in reality exceeds 120 years. In fact, scientific research does not rule out a routine, because there will be subtle variations in genes.
Scientists believe that between 120 years old and 150 years old, the "elasticity" of the human body, that is, the self-recovery ability, will be completely lost, and the upper limit of life will come.
With the progress of medical technology and the development of related biotechnology, human beings will be closer and closer to the life limit of 150 years old.
Since the human body's own laws give us this life span, it is reasonable to say that there are many people who exceed this limit, but the actual situation is that it is extremely difficult to get close to this age, let alone exceed it! In fact, in our whole life course, there are many factors that will lead us to fail to reach our physiological life, mainly including the following factors:
First of all, our genes are defective. If it is a hand or foot that does not affect life, it may not affect much, but what about the key organs that support life? Then life is like a wooden barrel, how much water can be filled depends on the length of the shortest piece!
Secondly, due to various external factors, such as radiation or other factors, our body cells have serious problems.
Third, in addition to their own factors, there are personal life, mental health, making friends, living environment and so on can affect personal life.
Fourth, disease infection, drugs failed to relieve pain, and eventually led to death.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) Death caused by various accidents, etc.
Of course, with the development of gene technology and cloning technology. In the future, human organs will be replaced like car parts. And if some people can have regular physical examinations and pay attention to maintenance like cars, it is estimated that it will not be a problem to live to 200 years old!