Chang 'e V was successfully launched on the Long March V rocket. In reply, it was not only China's first lunar sampling mission, but also the most complicated space mission ever performed by China. Chang 'e-5 lunar probe is the heaviest and largest unmanned lunar probe in the world, weighing 8.2 tons.
Chang 'e-5, developed by the National Space Administration, is the first lunar probe in China to carry out unmanned lunar sampling and return, and it is the final battle of China's lunar exploration project.
Chang 'e V mission is the sixth mission of China's lunar exploration project, and it is also one of the most complicated and difficult missions in China's space flight. It realized the first unmanned return of the moon in China, and contributed to the scientific research on the origin and evolution history of the moon.
Technological innovation of Chang 'e V;
The first is "many separation surfaces". Compared with shenzhou spaceship and Chang 'e III, it only needs to separate two parts, that is, two separation surfaces. Chang 'e V has five separation surfaces, which are the combination of orbiter and landing bitzer, the combination of lander and riser, the combination of orbiter and returner, orbiter and support module, orbiter and docking support.
The second is "complex mode". The detector needs to go through multiple flight stages, and also needs to complete key links such as lunar sampling, lunar takeoff and ascent, lunar orbit rendezvous and docking, sample transfer, high-speed re-entry and landing of the earth's atmosphere, and there are many design constraints.
The third is "strict discipline". In order to obtain lunar soil samples, the unmanned sampler Chang 'e-5 will go deep into the interior of the moon through the sampling bit, and sample the lunar surface through the sampling manipulator, and then transfer the samples to the riser, which will be docked with the orbiter, and finally transfer the samples to the returner. The whole process must be accurate.
The fourth is "temperature control". The temperature on the surface of the moon is about 180 degrees Celsius during the day, about 150 degrees Celsius at night, and the temperature difference between day and night is about 330 degrees Celsius. In addition, the ignition of the elevator engine instantly reaches thousands of degrees Celsius. How to avoid burning elevators and landers poses a challenge to the development team.
The fifth is "slimming pressure". The carrying capacity of the launch vehicle has strict constraints on the weight of the Chang 'e-5 probe. On the one hand, we should "slim down" the subsystem as much as possible. On the other hand, due to the lack of backup products, it is necessary to ensure reliable quality.
Refer to Baidu Encyclopedia-Chang 'e V for the above contents.