First, the introduction of new courses.
Expression is the second largest item in the basic score, including five aspects (structure, organization, language, expression and style). Last time we trained "structure", this time we will train "organization": how to make your composition clear.
Second, students learn about the requirements of "organization" in the composition of the senior high school entrance examination by themselves.
Coherence is the minimum requirement in thinking and level of composition for senior high school entrance examination. The new curriculum standard clearly points out: "You should be able to express yourself concretely and clearly"; It is necessary to "reasonably arrange the order and details of the content"; To "express clearly". Consistency is also an important criterion for composition scoring in senior high school entrance examination.
The grade of "Organization" scoring point: first-class, with clear thinking and distinct levels; Second-class, with clear order and distinct levels; Third-class, poor thinking and unclear level; The fourth category, unclear thinking, level confusion.
Three, combined with excellent examples, master the composition of "smooth thinking, clear hierarchy" production method.
1, group study, combined with the collected examples, understand and master the methods, so that the composition is "smooth thinking and clear level".
Literally, it should be connected in one breath. How to develop our thinking should have an obvious order, such as from here to there, from outside to inside, from individuals to groups, from the past to the present. If they are complementary, they are causal, with clear priorities, etc., and they are properly pointed out in different levels and paragraphs, which makes people clear at a glance.
There should be obvious hints in form. This is a sign from the outside. We can use some symbolic sentences (or words) to show coherence in the key points of the article, which not only provides smooth convenience for our writing ideas, but also makes readers feel the writing context. For example:
(1) Delay formula: first-second-then-then-finally.
(2) chronological order: last night-this morning-tomorrow.
(3) spatial order style: Climb the stone steps-turn to the ravine-and come to the main hall.
Looking at the scene in front of me, I can't help thinking.
5] From primary to secondary: the most important thing is-the second is-again.
Causality: unintentional learning (result)-family destruction (cause)
(7) From Reality to Imagination: The scenery here is so beautiful-I thought of a legend.
Complementarity: The teacher is my mother-my mother is my teacher.
(9) From the simple to the deep: He is not only-but also-more.
These iconic words are generally used for paragraph transition and semantic cohesion, which can make the article closely coherent.
2. Teacher's guidance.
3. Guide students to analyze the secret of perfect composition.
(1) question playback
Read the following materials and write an article on the topic "I live in-".
If a child lives in fear, then he learns to worry;
If a child lives in irony, then he learns to feel inferior;
If a child lives with encouragement, then he learns to be confident;
If a child lives in sincerity, then he learns to live in peace.
Requirements: ① Choose a plus word or another word more suitable for your own situation from the given materials, fill it in the horizontal line, and then write a composition; 2 style is not limited; ③ More than 500 words; (4) There shall be no real school name, place name or person name in the text.
⑵ Full score composition
I live in a challenge.
A candidate in Hainan Province
"Therefore, the sky will drop people, and they must first suffer from their minds, their bones and muscles, their bodies are hungry, their bodies are empty, and their actions are chaotic. Therefore, their perseverance has benefited them a lot. " I have always believed that people live to accept various challenges and overcome various problems. Only in this way can we constantly enrich our experience, increase our talents and even improve ourselves. So we have to accept different challenges.
Challenge inferiority complex. People often feel inferior, and once they feel inferior, they will hinder our road to success, so we should challenge our inferiority anytime and anywhere and tell ourselves "I can do it". Edison grew up from inferiority and became the "king of invention"; If Zhang Haidi feels inferior because of his physical disability, then China will lose an excellent writer and translator.
Challenge laziness. Laziness is human nature. "There is a road to diligence in Lushan, and there is no limit to learning the sea." It can be seen that to climb the peak of knowledge and the other side of success, we must challenge laziness, so as to face difficulties with the best attitude.
Challenge jealousy. Jealousy is punishing yourself with the happiness of others. We can't sigh like Zhou Yu because of jealousy. We should learn from our opponents and constantly surpass ourselves with this goal.
Challenge greed. Covetousness is the root of all evil. How many celebrities self-destruct their future, and how many promising high-ranking officials fall, mostly because of it. People should learn to be content, and contentment is always happy.
We challenge ourselves. Complacency, pride and inferiority are all stumbling blocks to success. Hone yourself like the ancients. Because only by defeating yourself can you challenge others. There are challenges everywhere in life. To create your own life and realize your own ideals, you must accept challenges at any time and grow mature in the challenges. Challenges make us more confident, capable and powerful.
(3) completely decompose the secret.
Full marks: ① The author clearly expresses the main idea of the article by comprehensively using various argumentation methods such as examples, comparisons and quotations. The article has a strong sense of hierarchy and clear thinking. * * * article six paragraphs, first put forward the argument, leads to the following; The last paragraph summarizes the full text and reveals the significance of the challenge; The middle four paragraphs discuss the four objects of the challenge from four angles, which are orderly and refreshing to read.
Reference point: the blending of reason and reason can be said to be the highest realm of argumentative writing. A careful understanding of how the article conveys personal feelings and understanding to readers should be helpful to our writing.
Fourthly, combining with a composition, we can understand the causes of "coherence" errors and master "promotion skills".
1. Students learn by themselves, understand the causes of the "disorganized" mistakes, and master the "promotion secrets".
2. Teacher's guidance.
The situation of "coherence" error: First, the division of paragraph levels is unreasonable. There are two kinds of mistakes: the paragraph is too detailed; There are too few paragraphs or even no paragraphs. Second, the order is unclear and chaotic. The reason for these situations is unclear thinking when writing. The solution is to write a draft or outline before writing.
Promotion tips: the section should be appropriate and the level should be clear.
3. Guide students to analyze a kind of composition.
(1) question playback
Harmony means proper coordination and symmetry. A tune is particularly pleasing to the ear because of its harmony; A painting is particularly pleasing to the eye because of its harmony; Because of harmony, a conversation makes people feel like a spring breeze ... a warm family and a beautiful campus all make you feel more cordial because of harmony.
Dear students, please write an article on the topic of "into harmony" to express your experience of family or campus harmony. Requirements: ① Except poetry, the style is not limited, and the topic is self-drawn. No less than 600 words. (2) The real name and name shall not appear in the text. (65438+ written standard, neat and beautiful, 0-3 points)
(2) A composition
No matter how much make-up, it is always charming.
A candidate in Huai 'an City, Jiangsu Province
Life does not have to be rich, but it must be harmonious; It doesn't have to be lively, but it must be natural; It doesn't have to be brilliant, but it must be harmonious. "yellow hair hanging down, happy" is the harmonious beauty of Taoyuan in Mr. Wu Liu's heart; "I am in the north, I am in the south, the spring water is flooding, and I only see seagulls day after day", which is the quiet life at the edge of the old Huanhua River in Duling; "Light makeup is always appropriate", which is Dongpo's most harmonious and perfect evaluation of the West Lake.
Harmony is as simple as that, it is a beautiful nature around us and a life that returns to nature.
Of course, harmony is still a norm and an order. Isn't the golden mean embodied in Confucius' ox cart the embodiment of harmony? Isn't the kindness, courtesy and frugality advocated by Confucianism permeated with harmonious factors? With norms and order, there will be a harmonious environment and a harmonious life; Only with morality and reason can there be a harmonious environment and a harmonious life. Of course, any violence, dictatorship, abnormality and cruelty that goes to extremes and stifles human nature will be far from harmonious. Changping station's "400,000 decapitation" and Ji Kang's final farewell are all discordant notes left by history to mankind, and they are all great regrets lingering in our hearts.
Let's pull our vision back from the historical time and space and look at our contemporary concept of life. Piercing ears and pulling eyelids is nothing new. Artificial beauties emerge one after another, with blue eyebrows and blond hair shining on the scene. Looking at this face is like looking at this black whirlwind as a mask, and the monk is calling for slimming.
History seems to be reversed at a certain moment: what discordant notes! "I am natural!" Schopenhauer's words are plain, but they tell us what the real ID is, the real harmony. We are tired of effective Dong Shi, and we love the beauty of Huansha more. When some people try their best to lie for Venus and break her arm, this brokeback beauty fills us with illusions.
In fact, it is not difficult to enter harmony. It is popular on the water, moistens things quietly, is an ordinary and simple life, is the intimate handshake between Hu Jintao and James Soong, is the deep concern of the mainland for Treasure Island, and is the true meaning of life.
(3) Case analysis
Scoring points: ① Smooth thinking and clear hierarchy. From introduction to theory to conclusion, from history to reality, it seems natural, harmonious and reasonable. (2) From a local point of view, many places are arranged in an orderly manner, such as lying in the public water, without any obstacles. (3) The levels between paragraphs, from total to division, from history to reality, are in good order.
Omission: Some arguments are not properly connected with arguments, such as "ear piercing and eyelid pulling is nothing new, and artificial beauties emerge one after another", which does not necessarily deviate from "harmony".
Reference points: ① Use parallelism, reasonable order, enhance tone, and make the language fluent and beautiful. (2) Since ancient times, it has always been orderly, in line with people's cognitive laws and natural development order. (3) From total to division, from generalization to concreteness, from top to bottom, from nature, it is helpful for readers to grasp and understand.