1autumn solstice of 9431spring of 944, the Japanese army lost in the Pacific battlefield. In order to save the defeat,1March, 944, the Japanese army formulated the "Battle Plan No.1" (known as the Battle of Henan, Hunan and Guangxi in history), aiming at opening up the mainland traffic line from northeast China to Southeast Asia.

According to historical records, the Henan campaign with Luoyang as its main military goal was the first stage of the Henan-Hunan-Guangxi campaign. China army made a strategic plan of "defending Luoyang city with weak soldiers, attracting large Japanese troops, and other China troops circuitously attacked the enemy in Luoyang and annihilated the Japanese army in one fell swoop", which is called the Battle of Henan in history.

However, in the face of the Japanese army, whose total strength is several times that of our army and at the same time covered by planes and tanks, China1.80,000 Luoyang defenders, with backward equipment, failed to stop the fierce offensive of the Japanese army, although relying on a solid defense line. On May 25th, Luoyang fell.

In the whole battle to defend Luoyang, * * * wiped out more than 20,000 enemies, and our army was killed by more than 65,438+10,000 people, and more than 3,000 people were wounded and captured. After the breakthrough, only 3 16 officers and 1795 soldiers remained in our army. Nearly ten thousand people were killed in the Japanese bombing of Luoyang.

Extended data:

The battle process of Japanese occupation of Luoyang;

1 On May 9, 944, the Japanese army1crossed the Yellow River from Yuanqu and invaded Mianchi, and then the troops were divided into two ways. We conquered Xin 'an all the way, advanced on Luoyang from the west wing, and invaded Shaanxi, Lingbao and Lushi all the way west. At the same time, Luoning, Yichuan, Songxian, Yanshi and Jin Meng successively fell. Luoyang became an isolated city.

On the morning of May 1 1, the enemy launched an attack on the Xigong Defence Zone where the 64th Division was stationed, and fought fiercely in Xiachi, Qilihe, xinglong village, Zhaijiatun and Xiaotun successively. After two days of fierce fighting, my defenders suffered heavy casualties and were seriously short of people. On the evening of 12, the division was ordered to abandon the position of Xigong and occupy a new position.

On 13, the enemy occupied the Zhougong Temple. After giving up the position of western workers, the defense of the 64th and 65th divisions was adjusted. The 64th Division mainly defended Mangshan from Miaogou and Shaogou to Shijiatun of Guandi Temple in the northwest corner of the city, while the 65th Division mainly defended Mangshan from Wangchaoling, Ying Zhuang, Shangqing Palace, Zhuangwangshan and Houdong.

They used terraced slopes, cliff trenches and villagers' houses in Manglin to build blastholes, built hidden bunkers with concrete and masonry, and connected the bunkers with foxholes and traffic trenches. Set up barbed wire outside the bunker, dig anti-tank trenches and lay mines near the anti-tank trenches.

With these semi-permanent fortifications, the two divisions of the 15 Army met the enemy, stuck to Mangling, and fought with the enemy village by village for many times.

On May 22nd, the enemy stormed Luoyang with the forces of the 63rd Division, the 3rd Division of Tanks, the Cavalry Brigade and the Field Corps, which were several times that of our defenders. On the afternoon of the same day, the plane delivered Chiang Kai-shek's wanted order on the 20th to the 15 Army: "Try to stick to Luoyang and don't believe rumors. I will be responsible for supervising the army, navy and air force to reinforce Luoyang at the latest one week."

According to this order, the 15 army changed its deployment again. Except for the East and West Stations, all the main forces of the Army withdrew into the city and joined forces with the 94th Division to defend the city. Jiang, Herry Liu refused.

The city box is the last support point of Luoyang, and it is also the focus of the battle between Luoyang and the enemy. In order to defend the city, a moat with a width of about 6 meters and a depth of 7 to 8 meters was dug outside Luoyang to attract flowing water and form an artificial moat.

Dig trenches with a width of 2m and a depth of 2m in the streets and lanes of the city, and pile sacks, sand or bricks on the trenches to form earth walls with a height of 1 .5m and a width of1m.. On the night of 22nd, the 15 army retreated into the city, and on 23rd, it readjusted the defense area of the city.

The 94th Division guards the East Half City, East Station and North and South Street, and the 64th Division guards the West Gate, Southwest Corner, Dao Ji Street, Xingfu Street, Gu Xiang, and the back alley of Heluo Middle School to Nanchengji; Northwest corner of Shishou West Station. The military department is located in Yong Street, and the headquarters is located in Baocheng Silver House. The headquarters of the 64th Division is in the southwest corner, and the headquarters of the 65th Division is in Fudan Middle School.

On May 23rd, Hidetaro, the commander of the Japanese army, forced the monks of Baima Temple to send a surrender letter to the defenders of China in the name of "preventing the ancient city of Luoyang from being destroyed by the war", but was rejected on the spot by General Wu, the commander of the defenders of China. The battle for the city hall was in full swing that day.

Enemy artillery bombarded the cities of Anlewo, Zhougong Temple, Xiguan, Match Company, Miaojiagou, Zhuangwangshan, Shangqing Palace, Gejialing, Wulipu, Xia Yuan Street and the East and West Stations.

About 8000 bullets were fired into the city in one day. That night, the enemy's siege force has increased to more than 35,000 people, more than 400 chariots, wild mountain heavy artillery and mechanical artillery 120 doors, and vehicles 1000 vehicles used to transfer troops and transport ammunition.

At dawn on the 24th, except for several enemy planes flying over Luoyang to bomb, strafe and distribute leaflets, five or six thousand enemy troops attacked the east half of the city guarded by the 94th Division, and the two sides fought fiercely.

At noon, 12 and 120 enemy shells bombarded the city, and exposed fortifications and houses were destroyed. Under the cover of artillery fire, the enemy attacked the city with more than 300 chariots in six ways: southwest corner, west gate, northwest corner, northeast corner, east gate and southeast corner.

The enemy's main forces are concentrated in the northwest and southwest corners. At 3 pm, the northeast corner defended by the 94th Division and the northwest corner defended by the 65th Division were breached at the same time. At 4 o'clock, the enemy was found in the office and Fudan Middle School. At 0500 hours, enemy chariots entered the crossroads via North Street.

The command system of defenders at all levels is isolated one by one. When the command is interrupted, the officers and men guarding the city use the houses to fight the enemy, fighting street by street, and the enemy will pay a huge price for every step forward.

After sunset, the whole city went into a state of melee. After fierce fighting, * * * killed more than 8,000 enemies, and 15 officers and men also suffered more than 3,000 casualties. In the case of unable to persist in fighting, the ministries were ordered to fight outside the city that night and assembled outside Luoyang for standby.

On the 25th, some officers and men who had not left the city fought bloody battles with the enemy in more than ten streets and alleys, but Luoyang fell because of too few people and great disparity in strength.

Baidu encyclopedia-defending Luoyang

People's Network —— Rereading Luoyang Defence War during the Anti-Japanese War