evaluation criterion
1, CPU, this mainly depends on frequency and secondary cache. The higher the frequency, the larger the secondary cache and the faster the speed. In the future, CPU will have three-level cache and four-level cache, which will affect the response speed.
2. memory. The access speed of memory depends on the interface, the number of particles and the storage size (including the interface of memory, such as SDRAM 133, DDR233, DDR2-533, DDR3-800). Generally speaking, the larger the memory, the stronger the data processing ability and the faster the speed.
3. Motherboard, mainly processing chips. For example, the processing ability of notebook i965 is stronger than that of i945, and the data processing ability of i945 is stronger than that of i9 10, and so on.
4, hard disk, hard disk in daily use, less consideration, but there are some effects, the first is the speed of hard disk (divided into high-speed hard disk and low-speed hard disk, high-speed hard disk is generally used in large servers, such as: 10000 rpm,15000 rpm; General computers (including notebook computers) use low-speed hard disks, desktop computers generally use 7200 rpm, and notebook computers generally use 5400 rpm, mainly because of power consumption and heat dissipation.
The speed of the hard disk varies with different interfaces. Generally speaking, it is divided into IDE and SATA (also called serial port) interfaces. In the past, hard disks were mostly IDE interfaces, and the access speed was slower than SATA interfaces.
With the development of the market, the cache of hard disk has increased from 2M to 8M or even more. Just like CPU, the bigger the cache, the faster.
5. Graphics card: This is directly related to the response speed of running super-large program software, such as running CAD2007, 3DStudio, 3DMAX and other graphics software. In addition to the distinction of hardware levels, graphics cards also have the technology of "* * * with video memory", which is different from general chips with video memory, that is, the technology of "* * * with video memory" needs to be read from memory to handle the requirements of corresponding programs. Or some people call it dynamic memory. This technology is more used in notebook computers.
6, power supply, this is OK as long as the power is enough and the stability is good.
7. Monitor: The interface between the monitor and the motherboard also has an impact, but most people don't care too much (please refer to the relevant technical data of the display device).
Software aspect
1, operating system: Let me give you a simple example: for a computer with the same configuration, running the original Windows 98 is definitely faster than running the original Windows XP, and the original XP is definitely faster than running the original Windows Vista, which means that under the same configuration, the more system resources the software occupies, the slower it will be, and vice versa.
Also, the stability and speed of the original English operating system running English programs are related to running Chinese programs.
So the emphasis here is on the original system, that is, the system that has not been streamlined. In the same way, the simplified Windows XP is generally faster than the original XP, because it simplifies some uncommon programs and takes up less system resources, so the speed is obviously improved.
2. Software (including hardware) can be optimized to suit users, such as general office clerks, general computers, simplified versions of XP and Office 2003. But if you are a graphic designer, you need professional configuration, especially the graphics card. Therefore, it is necessary to upgrade the software: Microsoft DirectX 9.0 or above.
Which software can view the computer configuration?
1, Everest
2. Master Lu+Optimization Master
3, hardware fast capture
4、cpu-z
5、gpu-z
The new version supports the latest new products such as Core i5 and Core i7.
Detailed configuration
cpu
The mainstream desktop CPU manufacturers mainly include INTEL and AMD. The low end of Intel platform is Celeron and Pentium series, and the high end is Core 2 (which has successfully replaced Core 1). In 2009, it will be listed as the next generation of more advanced CPU I7, and in the near future, 32NM6 Core I9 may also be listed on 20 1 1.
The low end of AMD platform is Flash Dragon, and the high end is Fast Dragon and Long Hao. The most commonly used is the low end of the two. In terms of Intel processors, there is e7400 in the middle and high end, which can be matched with DDR2 memory with higher frequency, which is difficult to realize in AMD's middle and high end platforms. Although AMD64bitSP2500+ is overvalued, it lacks support for dual-channel memory, which makes many players feel uncomfortable.
Intel and AMD have two mainstream configurations. One is Intel configuration, and the other is AMD configuration. The main difference lies in the difference of CPU. As the name implies, the cpu configured by Intel is Intel brand, and the CPU configured by AMD is AMD brand. The market positioning and performance of the products are basically the same. The main performance trends are different with different prices. It can be determined according to needs and prices.
Motherboard configuration
In fact, the better brands commonly used are not only intel, Asustek, Gigabyte, Elite (ECS), MSI, EPOX, UNIKA, BIOSTAR, SOLTEK, Gateway and Diamond (DFI).
Storage pattern
There are three kinds of commonly used memory sticks: 1) SDRAM's memory gold finger (that is, the gold contact part inserted into the motherboard) has two foolproof gaps, and 168 pins. SDRAM means "random dynamic memory" in Chinese. 2) DDR's memory gold finger has only one foolproof gap, which is slightly biased to one side, 184 stitches. DDR means "double rate random access memory" in Chinese. 3) DDR2' s memory gold finger also has only one foolproof gap, but the foolproof gap is in the middle, with 240 stitches. The golden finger of DDR2SDRAM memory has 240 contacts.
Random access memory
In 2009, the latest memory has been upgraded to DDR3, which is compatible with DDR2 and also uses 240 pins. DDR3 adopts 8-bit prefetch design and DDR2 adopts 4-bit prefetch design, so the frequency of DRAM core is only 1/8 of the interface frequency, and the core working frequency of DDR3-800 is only 100MHz. The working frequency of the mainstream DDR3 is 1333MHz. In 64-bit architecture, DDR3 is obviously superior in frequency and speed. In addition, DDR3 is much better in power consumption, because it also has other functions such as automatic self-refresh according to temperature and local self-refresh. First-line memory brand manufacturers have launched their own DDR3 memories, such as Kingston, Yu Zhan, Weigang, Pirate Ship, Jinbang and so on. In terms of price, DDR3' s memory is only a few tens of blocks higher than DDR2' s, and DDR3' s memory has a bright future on the road of memory development.
Hard disk configuration
The hard disk is divided into PATA, which is an earlier hard disk interface, and the new desktop in 2009 has basically not been seen; SATA is the mainstream interface, that is, the common serial interface, and the hard disks in the market are widely used. SATAII, this is an upgraded version of SATA interface. There are some hard disks on the market, but not many, mainly because of the improvement of cache and transmission speed; SCSI is the hard disk interface used in the server. Its characteristic is that the rotating speed can reach 10000 rpm, thus accelerating the reading and writing speed and supporting hot plug.
Graphics card configuration
As an important part of computer host, graphics card is very important for people who like to play games and engage in professional graphic design. The graphic chip suppliers of civil graphics cards mainly include ATI and nVIDIA.
Basic composition of graphics card
National Political Security Bureau. See OGPU
The full name is graphics processing unit, which is translated as "graphics processor" in Chinese. When NVIDIA released GeForce 256 graphics processing chip,
laptop
This concept was first put forward. GPU reduces the dependence of graphics card on CPU and does some work of the original CPU, especially in 3D graphics processing. The core technology adopted by GPU is hardware T&; Cube environment material mapping and vertex blending, texture compression and T& mapping, dual texture four-pixel 256-bit rendering engine, etc. , and hardware T &；; L technology can be said to be the symbol of GPU.
display card
The basic function of the graphics card is to control the graphic output of the computer. Only when the video card is connected to the monitor can you see the image on the display screen. Graphics card consists of display chip, display memory, RAMDAC, etc. These components determine the output on the computer screen, including screen speed, color and display resolution. Graphics cards, from the early monochrome graphics cards, color graphics cards, enhanced graphics cards to VGA (video graphics array) display graphics array, are all IBM-led graphics card specifications. The resolution of VGA is 720*400 in text mode, 640*480* 16 in drawing mode, and 320*200*256 in color mode, and this 256-color display mode has become the * * * same standard for later graphics cards, so it is generally called VGA. Later, various display chip manufacturers made more efforts to improve the display capability of VGA, and some terms such as SVGA(SuperVGA) and XGA(eXtended Graphic Array) appeared. Display chip manufacturers integrated 3D functions with VGA to become so-called 3D accelerator cards and 3D graphics cards.
Pixel filling rate
The maximum pixel filling rate is the 3D clock multiplied by the number of rendering processes. For example, NVIDIA's GeForce 2 GTS chip has a core frequency of 200 MHz and has four rendering pipelines, each of which contains two texture units. Then its filling rate is 4x2 pixels x2 billion/sec =16 billion pixels/sec. The pixels here make up the picture seen on the display screen. At the resolution of 800x600, there are 800x600 = 480,000 pixels, and so on, at the resolution of 1024x768, there are1024x768 = 786,432 pixels. When playing games and using some graphics software, the resolution is often set. The higher the resolution, the more pixels the display chip renders, so the filling rate is of great significance to measure the performance of a graphics card. The above calculation shows that the filling rate of GTS is 65.438+0.6 billion pixels per second, and then look at MX200. Its standard core frequency is 175, and there are only two rendering pipelines, so its filling rate is 2x2 pixels x 65438+7500 million pixels/sec = 700 million pixels/sec, which is an important reason why its performance is half that of GTS.
memory
Displays the abbreviation of memory. As the name implies, its main function is to temporarily store an important part of the display chip.
Data and processed data. The stronger the performance of the graphics core, the more video memory is needed. In the past, the main memory was SDR, and the capacity was not large. DDR specifications are basically adopted in the market. In some high-end cards, DDRII or DDRIII generation memory with better performance is adopted (DDRIII is not better, but the worst one).
Two main interface technologies
AGP interface
Accelerate Graphical Port is a video interface technology standard developed by Intel company, which is an interface technology developed to solve the low bandwidth of PCI bus. By connecting the graphics card to the main memory of the system, it directly opens up a faster bus between CPU and graphics processor. Its development has experienced AGP 1.0(AGP 1X/2X), AGP2.0(AGP4X) and AGP3.0(AGP8X). The theoretical bandwidth of the latest AGP8X is 2. 1Gbit/ sec.
PCI Express interface
PCI Express is a new generation bus interface, and the graphics card products using this interface have been officially launched in 2004. As early as the spring "Intel Developer Forum" of 200 1, Intel put forward a new generation technology to replace the internal connection between PCI bus and various chips, and called it the third generation I/O bus technology. Subsequently, at the end of 20001,more than 20 leading companies in the industry, including Intel, AMD, DELL and IBM, began to draft specifications for new technologies, which were completed in 2002 and officially named PCI Express. The theoretical speed is above 10Gbit, so the gap has been almost played by PCIE. However, just like PCI replacing ISA, it will take some time, and it must be a northbridge above 9 15 to support PCIE, so it can be predicted that PCIE will take a long time to replace AGP.
director
There are two kinds of flat panel displays and liquid crystal displays on the market. With the decline in the price of liquid crystal display, it has become an important
director
Mainstream indicator types. Common liquid crystal displays are 19 inch, 2 1 inch, 22 inch, 24 inch and so on. Prices vary and performance varies greatly. It can be determined according to needs and prices.
Good or bad depends largely on this.
1) Brightness \ Contrast. Commonly used 500NIT, the contrast is about 1000.
2) perspective. Horizontal and vertical IPS screens can reach 178 degrees.
3) Whether there are bright spots \ bad spots \ all black, and whether there is light leakage.
4) uneven backlight.
5) Power consumption. Single screen power consumption includes logic board and backlight.
Matters needing attention in computer configuration
Computers have really started to enter the homes of ordinary people. For computers, DIY is a very good choice, but for novice computer friends,
Dual core notebook computer
Assembling a computer is a very complicated matter. Actually, assembling a computer is not complicated. What is really complicated is choosing the configuration of the computer. For the principle of assembling computers, we should adhere to the principle of "application is the best", because we will never catch up with the best configuration! Here are five points to pay attention to in the process of computer configuration selection!
First, about power supply. As the power "unit" of all host hardware "power consumption", power selection is very important (many people don't pay attention to it): low power is absolutely impossible (small horse-drawn cart, the consequences are self-evident); Higher power is the best choice (there is room, but the bigger the better). Don't match the power supply according to the sum of hardware power consumption, which is unreliable (once a hardware power consumption increases, it will immediately "trip").
Second, about the motherboard. As far as computers are concerned, the minimum requirements are to support 64-bit dual-core CPU, mainstream SATA hard disk and second-generation memory products. Although some motherboards are the latest products, they do not support "SATA-II" (SATA hard disks are divided into "I" and "II"). If "SATA-II" is optional, then "AHCI mode" cannot be started on such a motherboard (South Bridge chip), and it can only run in "IDE mode".
Third, about memory. Five years ago, brand machines, 256M and 5 12M memory were the mainstream configurations. At that time, it was not impossible to match, but the manufacturer didn't want to match (at that time, memory was expensive, and high matching would increase costs and affect competition). In view of this, it is suggested to increase the memory to 5 12M x 2 or 1G x 2 (dual channel), so that Windows 7 can run smoothly. In addition, as far as ordinary users (including gamers) are concerned, although the memory has dropped to "cabbage price", it seems unnecessary to configure 4-8G memory.
Fourth, about the graphics card. Most brands of desktops are equipped with "integrated graphics cards". Although the latest motherboard still continues the "integration" of the graphics card, most of the performance of the graphics card has not been improved: 1, "splash screen" will appear when the resolution and refresh rate are high; 2. Running large 3D games is "incompetent"; 3. Aero special effects of Windows Vista/Windows 7 are not supported. Therefore, it is suggested to configure the "independent graphics card" when assembling or modifying the computer host; 4. However, the appearance of AMD 780 series motherboards has changed all this. The onboard HD3200 can run AERO special effects and hardware acceleration (but choose a discrete graphics card if the economy allows).
Fifth, about CPU. Aside from the mainstream configuration of "Ben 4" five years ago, 64-bit dual-core CPU should be the first choice for assembling computers (based on the current situation and focusing on the long term), and 32-bit and single-core CPU should not be selected according to the traditional concept. As for the "perfect fit" between CPU external frequency and memory frequency, it is the "Excellence" that "computer saves players" needs to grasp, which can be ignored as far as most users assemble computers.
Four main ways to buy computers online.
The first one is online shop purchase, which has the advantage that the price is extremely cheap, far lower than that of physical stores, and it is also the cheapest of all purchase methods, and it is suitable for buying mid-to high-end products with excessive price difference with physical stores. The disadvantage is that low-end cheap products often have quality problems, or the physical objects do not match the photos. The main websites are Taobao, Paipai, Baidu and Alibaba.
The second is the online shopping mall, which has the advantage of good product quality and lower price than the physical store, but slightly higher than the online store. The most important advantage is that it can be paid in installments, which is suitable for users who swipe their cards. The disadvantage is that the delivery speed is slow and there is a transit delay when returning to the factory. The main websites are JD.COM Mall, Newegg, Red Kids Online Mall, F7NET staging network, etc.
The third is direct purchase from official website, which has the advantages of extremely high product quality and the most comprehensive after-sales guarantee. There is no need to worry about buying parallel imports, which is suitable for users with high product quality requirements. The disadvantage is that the price is often much more expensive than the physical store. The main websites are Samsung, LG, BenQ and Dell.
The fourth is group buying, which has the advantages of extremely low price and little profit for manufacturers. Because group buying is directly linked with manufacturers, the after-sales guarantee of products is not a problem at all, and it is the most affordable one among all online shopping. The disadvantage is that the product styles are scarce and cannot completely cover all user groups. The main websites are: IT 168 forum group purchase, Sina group purchase, etc.
Therefore, if you want to buy truly value-added products, you must reasonably choose the appropriate online shopping method to ensure maximum benefits. If you are going to save a high-end computer, it is generally recommended to use the online shopping mall to pay by installments; Low-profile computers are recommended to be purchased in online stores; Group purchase is recommended for computers with mainstream configuration (basically, hardware products with mainstream configuration can be group purchased); Users who have high requirements on computer quality are advised to buy directly from official website.
How to view the computer configuration
If you want to check the computer configuration, click Start → Programs → Accessories → System Tools → System Information, which includes hardware version, performance indicators, software version information, etc. , all in it.
Generally speaking, the speed response of a computer can't be said to be influenced by a single hardware, and it needs to be matched with each other (the following principle is the same). Of course, hardware is the main factor, followed by the optimal setting of software.
Scheme recommendation
It is reported that the installation budget of most students is about 3,000 yuan, among which students who don't play games much will choose the integrated platform+quasi 19 inch wide.
Push the distribution of 3500 yuan in 2009.
Screen LCD, with a budget of about 2,800 yuan; Students who like to play some games, but don't want their configuration to be outdated too quickly, will choose a budget of about 3,500 yuan and use mainstream dual-core CPU+ mainstream graphics card to get better game performance. Recommend a mainstream configuration of 3500 yuan, featuring outstanding cost performance and outstanding game performance, which is very suitable for students.
For students, computers are more suitable as entertainment tools than work tools. After all, the only thing you can rely on in a university dormitory is this computer. Therefore, the game performance of the computer is naturally very important. Under this premise, the choice of graphics card is particularly important. Here I recommend frost wyrm version Inno3D)9600GT, which was quoted at 599 yuan in September 2009. It is the best 9600GT graphics card seen on the market.
Inno3d) iCill Frostwyrm 9600GT adopts the latest 55nn energy-saving version G94 core from NVIDIA, and the core code is G94-350-B 1. Compared with the normal version, the energy-saving version G94 core has the characteristics of high performance and low power consumption, which provides players with strong game performance while keeping the graphics card low in power consumption and calorific value. The graphics card supports DirectX 10 and Shader Model4.0 special effects, and fully supports NVIDIA CUDA computing technology and PhysX physical acceleration technology. It has the video decoding engine of PureVideo HD II, which can realize the hardware decoding of mainstream HD video encoded by H.264
The memory part, Inno3D)iChill frost wyrm 9600GT adopts Hynix 1.0ns memory particles, and one * * eight particles make up the specification of 5 12M/256Bit. Due to the high-performance P562 six-layer PCB board, its default frequency setting has reached the strongest level in the history of 670/2000MHz. From the previous media evaluation, Frost wyrm 9600GT can easily exceed 700/2600MHz, and its performance completely exceeds HD4830! In terms of heat dissipation, Inno3D) iCill Frostwyrm 9600GT adopts FreezerX radiator which is well received by players. FreezerX radiator adopts dense fin design, covering the whole graphics card. At the same time, the radiator is equipped with two thick heat pipes. Through DHT (direct contact technology of heat pipes), heat can be quickly brought from the core to the heat sink, and then dissipated.
In addition to a good graphics card, a good CPU is also indispensable. What I recommend here is this Intel Pentium E5300/ box. In September 2009, the price was only 495 yuan, and the cost performance has exceeded the classic E5200. Although the voice of E6300 is very high, the price is still a little high, and the performance of E5300 is not weaker than E6300 for ordinary users.
In the motherboard part, it is good to adhere to the principle of stability. After all, for most students, many people actually don't consider overclocking, but just need to use products with better stability. Jetbo X-BLUEP43 is used here, and the performance difference between P43 and P45 is not big. In contrast, P43 is more cost-effective, so it is more suitable for students.
In terms of memory, Kingston 2DDR2800 is enough for ordinary users. Moreover, 2009 is the transition year from DDR2 to DDR3, so it is not necessary to consider buying two sets for the time being, and it can be decided according to the changes in the market. The hard disk is a 500G hard disk, which is very cost-effective.
The display part uses the Great Wall M223 1. In September 2009, the price of LCD soared, and everyone had some difficulties. However, this Great Wall M223 1 still maintains the price of 999 yuan, and the price/performance ratio has always been excellent. But many merchants refuse to install some, so be sure to ask when buying.
Configuration comments: Inno3D) adopts iCill Frostwyrm 9600GT+Intel E 5300 as the biggest feature of this configuration. High-frequency Inno3D) iCill Frostwyrm 9600 GT is almost the same as 9800GT in performance, but it is rare to keep the ultra-low price of 599 yuan; E5300 also has very good entertainment performance, and the combination of the two can meet the needs of most 3D games. For students who are equipped with equipment at the beginning of school, it is definitely the best choice.
Recommendation of 4000 yuan computer configuration and installation scheme
In September 2009, the new semester has begun, and many student users want to save a PC with high cost performance and superior performance in the new semester.
Recommended List of 4000 Yuan Premium Installation Scheme
Machine. Judging from the DIY market in 2009, the Intel Pentium dual-core E5200 processor still occupies the vast majority of sex-priced models. At the same time, in order to experience the wonderful and high-definition pictures of mainstream games in a super cool way, it is one of the most popular saving schemes to equip 96GSO series discrete graphics cards and 22-inch LCD. Mencius said: "fish, what I want, bear's paw, what I want;" You can't have it both ways. "The following configuration is a complete machine with high cost performance, and the full configuration price is only 4050 yuan.
The motherboard chooses MSI G4 1TM-E43, which not only provides luxurious all-solid capacitor design, but also provides MSI's exclusive "easy overclocking" button and APS dynamic phase change energy-saving technology. In addition, the motherboard also supports Blu-ray sound effects, with first-line quality and low price, which is the best choice for building HTPC platform. In addition to Sunflower 9600GSO/384M/DDR3(I-DSSIII) inverter, there are several 9600GSO graphics cards for you to choose from.
While pursuing perfect performance and high cost performance, it is the core idea to recommend a complete set of configuration for students and users. That is, "fish, what I want, bear's paw, what I want;" You can have both. "This powerful MSI G4 1TM-E43 motherboard, large display, and mainstream sunflower 9600GSO(I-DSS) frequency conversion king graphics card enjoy high-end mainstream configuration at a price of 4,050 yuan, which is definitely an excellent choice for student users who have been pursuing cost performance.