In ancient times, the traffic in Hangzhou was mainly transported by water. Archaeological evidence shows that during the Liangzhu culture four or five thousand years ago, the ancestors of Hangzhou had primitive means of water transport. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Lin 'an, the capital city, took Yujie as its axis, and roads and bridges were everywhere, all paved with bricks and stones. Besides boats, there are post horses, carriages and sedan chairs. Frequent land and water travel, riding a horse or hiring a boat instead of walking, gathered in Beijing. At that time, Baita Qiaotou had a copy of Geologic Classic for sale, which was the earliest traffic map in Hangzhou. In the late Qing Dynasty, Hangzhou entered the embryonic stage of modern transportation, and cars began to appear on the streets of Hangzhou in the early Republic of China.

In Hangzhou, there is a public motorized vehicle-Gong * * * car, which started in the eleventh year of the Republic of China (1winter of 922). Pan Baoquan, the former employee of Shanghai Yingshang Tram Company, and Lu Baoquan, the manager of Hangzhou World Playground, set up "Bao Hua Special Bus Line" and "Yonghua Special Bus Line" in Hangzhou respectively, and opened the bus line between Hubin and Lingyin, with a one-way length of 7.4 kilometers. At the beginning of the 12th year of the Republic of China (1923), two car dealers merged to form "Yonghua Automobile Company". In the seventeenth year of the Republic of China (1928), the urban roads were gradually widened, and Huitong Company opened a shuttle bus from Qingtaimen to Zhaoqing Temple (now Children's Palace), but it stopped soon because of the slow business. In the 25th year of the Republic of China (1936), there were 7 bus lines in the urban area, with a total mileage of 73.5 kilometers and 17 buses. By the end of 1937, there were 67 buses in the city. 1938 Japanese troops invaded China, during which domestic wars were uncertain, cars were constantly robbed, and public transportation could not maintain operation. From April 28th, 1938, all vehicles stopped running. 1945 Japanese imperialism surrendered, and public transportation in Hangzhou began to resume operation, but it has been in a semi-paralyzed state due to the shortage of oil.

1949 After the liberation of Hangzhou on May 3, the public transportation in Hangzhou entered a transition period from private to public. Due to the inability of the private party to maintain its operation, Hangzhou Municipal Engineering Bureau gradually invested in the acquisition of commercial equity in June1949+February 65438 to realize public ownership.

1953 65438+1On October 7th, "Hangzhou Public Transport Company" was established with the approval of Hangzhou Industrial Bureau. Since then, with the care and support of the government and all walks of life, she has worked hard on her own for more than 50 years. Enterprises grow from small to large, from weak to strong. From 56 buses and 8 bus lines at that time, it has developed into 14 unincorporated enterprises, 15 wholly-owned enterprises with legal person, and 12 holding enterprises. It has more than 5700 employees/kloc-0, more than 4696 buses, 393 bus lines, 54 15.55 kilometers of operating lines, and 2,420,900 passengers per day. It has become a comprehensive enterprise mainly engaged in urban public transport and passenger transport services, and also engaged in taxi, car rental, car repair, automobile manufacturing, auto parts and fuel supply, tourism, advertising, real estate, property management, printing and other businesses.

The period from 1953 to 1965 is a benign period for the development of public transport in Hangzhou. During this period, new bus lines 12 were opened. By the end of 1965, there were 22 bus lines in the city, with a total length of 292.6 kilometers, including 65,438 buses, 20 passengers and trailers, including 40 trams. When Hangzhou Public Transport Company was formally established, it only received six buses and 1 truck from Yonghua Company, which could not operate normally. Through continuous efforts, we have accepted various types of old buses from different channels, such as Dodge, Ford, Chevrolet and so on. In the 1950s and 1960s when New China was just founded, the automobile industry was still underdeveloped. Not only is there a lack of investment in new cars, but there is also a lack of auto parts. Hangzhou bus people are self-reliant, give full play to their intelligence, and carry out technical transformation on old cars. Once, 65,438+02 USSR GISS 65,438+050 truck was refitted and put into production. Even in 1958, 42 buses and bus trailers with bamboo as the main material were developed on the basis of replacing spring steel plates with wooden skeletons and bamboo pieces, which eased the tension and contradiction of vehicles. During the period of natural disasters and tense relations between China and the Soviet Union, combustible biogas was put into rubber canvas bags and placed on the top of the carriage as fuel to maintain the operation of public transport. April 26th 196 1 Hangzhou's first trolley bus line was opened, with a total length of 14.5km and 23 vehicles, starting from Chengzhan Station in the south and reaching Chen Gong Bridge in the north.

During the "Cultural Revolution" period, Hangzhou public transport and all domestic public transport enterprises were one? Hey? What's the name of this ship? Hey? A little? How about Sapporo? Article, input 10 660 articulated access car. In addition, the conditions of vehicles and services have not changed much.

After the "Cultural Revolution" movement, Hangzhou public transport quickly adjusted and standardized production management. Due to the limitation of industrial level in China at that time, there was no specialized bus manufacturer. As early as 197 1, Hangzhou bus began to produce HZ644 buses by assembly to meet its own needs. By 1975, the "first flight" 644, 64 1 and 66 1 models produced by Hangzhou public transport have gradually become the main vehicles of Hangzhou public transport.

Since 1980s, the reform in China has been getting better and better, and the development of public transport in Hangzhou has also entered a period of stable development. At this time, public transportation has increased the supporting facilities of residential areas in the city, and opened, adjusted and extended a number of lines to facilitate citizens' travel. During this period, public transport began to study passenger flow with scientific methods, set up routes, establish 1986 public transport passenger flow regular investigation and analysis system, adjust the capacity structure according to the passenger traffic situation, and balance the passenger load rate. At the same time, measures have been taken to improve service quality and restore the main position of public transport in urban traffic.

After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, public transportation in Hangzhou entered a period of rapid development. 1993,65438+February 2 1 day, Hangzhou Bus took the lead in developing unmanned ticketing mode on 16 road, which initiated the reform of reducing labor costs and streamlining main business. In the same year, we cooperated with Zhuhai Yida Science and Technology Electronic Industry Co., Ltd. and took the lead in using ic cards to brush buses in China, taking the first step towards productivity through science and technology. After a single period of 80' s, after many investigations, according to the development of public transport vehicles in international cities. 1994, Hangzhou public transport has established the development direction of bus models to diesel vehicles. Various types of diesel buses, such as CJ6922CH in Yangtze River and SFQ6980 in Shen Fei, have also been put into operation. According to the needs of Hangzhou's scenic tourist city at that time, 1995 put in eight air-conditioned buses, which became the first air-conditioned bus line in Hangzhou. 1996, 18 bus was introduced and put into operation. By 1997, the total number of company lines reached 106, buses and trams 182, with an annual total mileage of 7,634.34 kilometers, an annual total passenger traffic of 4,7981000 passengers and an annual fare income of 217.59 million yuan.

From 65438 to 0998, it was a period of steady and rapid development of public transport in Hangzhou, and it was also an important period of speeding up the reform of public transport in Hangzhou and building a modern public transport service system. During this period, Hangzhou public transport constantly updated its concept, accelerated its development, changed the single way of buying cars only by relying on the limited financial resources of the government in the past, raised funds to buy vehicles through loans, installment payment, transfer of advertising management rights, financial leasing and other channels, set up limited liability companies, implemented asset replacement, absorbed social funds, optimized and reformed the old lines, maximized the number of new vehicles, and opened up new lines, thus taking a solid step towards building modern urban public transport. Large capacity, high power, large lighting, low floor, low energy consumption, low emissions, the establishment of "three big" and "three low" vehicle procurement standards, as well as the citizens' own voting for public transport activities, make the public transport vehicles in Hangzhou more and more comfortable. In 2002, the use of K900 barrier-free luxury bus, bullet-type new articulated trolleybus, convertible sightseeing bus and the increasing proportion of air-conditioned cars gradually became a landscape in Hang Cheng. After more than 50 years of continuous development, the buses in Hangzhou have also developed from dozens of buses converted from trucks to today's diversified structures (gasoline vehicles, diesel vehicles, trams, LPG dual-fuel vehicles and dual-power vehicles) and various types of vehicles (air-conditioned cars, ordinary cars, antique sightseeing bus, open-top sightseeing bus, double-decker buses, medium-sized buses, etc.). ) Hangzhou public transport has accelerated the pace of applying advanced technology while speeding up the renewal of vehicles. The continuous use of GPS satellite positioning and dispatching system, GIS electronic street sign, LED automatic stop reporting system, LED electronic license plate issuance, computer language stop reporting device, VCD video playback system, new mobile communication mobile phone TV, luminous stainless steel bus shelter, voice service platform and other service facilities not only improves the operation efficiency and management level of public transport, but also beautifies the public transport image. The comprehensive and successful popularization and application of RF IC card, the research and development of intelligent bus operation system with 3G(GPS GIS GPRS)+ ADSL as the core, and the development and application of intelligent dispatching system (DIMS), vehicle management system (BIMS), IC card refueling and other information management systems have raised the dispatching management level of Hangzhou public transport to a new level. By the end of 2007, the number of bus air-conditioned vehicles in Hangzhou had reached 7 1.95%, and the exhaust emission compliance rate was 98.04%. The average number of buses owned by ten thousand people in the city has reached 25 standard stations.

Service is the eternal theme of public transport. In recent years, while speeding up the renewal of vehicles, we always put service first. We have successively established the business philosophy of "public transport is the priority and must be excellent" and the service concept of "public transport service, accompanying you with true feelings", and put forward the service commitment of "serving passengers and satisfying them", and actively build a public transport service system suitable for modern cities. Public transport is the main window of urban civilization. Since 1998, Hangzhou Public Transport has carried out the activity of "creating a first-class environment and building the image of a famous city", which requires operating vehicles to achieve "six cleanness, five persistence and four reassurance", that is, the emission of cab, doors and facilities, roof and floor, walls and chairs, glass and window stalls, and diesel vehicles reaches the standard. Adhere to five persistences: sweep around, clean once a day, rinse once a week, clean civilized and clean scientifically; The "Four Relieves" campaign, which can reassure citizens, traffic police, government and themselves, will improve the service level of public transport in Hangzhou and show passengers civilized public transport. In order to control the service quality, we should do a good job in service process planning, service management standardization, service quality standardization and service inspection institutionalization, and strive to achieve: excellent service, beautiful environment and good order in the service process, requiring employees to drive and serve attentively in the service to achieve the purpose of satisfying passengers. Only by strengthening communication with passengers and understanding their needs can passengers be satisfied. A hotline service center was established in 2000, and a 24-hour online service hotline of 85191kloc-0/22 was opened. In cooperation with Hangzhou "Voice of Economy" radio station, the special program "Voice of Public Transport" with the theme of communicating information and serving passengers was launched for the first time in the national public transport industry. A trinity information communication network consisting of service hotline, bus website and news media has been initially formed, and opinions have been solicited from the public through news media and bus website for many times to meet the travel needs of citizens from different levels and aspects. Increase the line configuration of residential quarters, business districts and transportation hubs, continuously optimize and open new lines, actively use the concept of service marketing, subdivide the passenger transport market, and accelerate the optimization and transformation of the line network. In recent years, Hangzhou bus has successively opened more than 50 special lines, such as peak express line, holiday line, sightseeing line, overnight line, campus line, shopping line, telecom line, community bus, (quasi) bus rapid transit, etc.

After more than 50 years of hard work and efforts, Hangzhou Public Transport Corporation has been developing continuously, but it has also been recognized by passengers and society more and more. More and more citizens choose public transportation. The company has successively won the honor of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, the national advanced unit of civilized industry, the national May 1 labor reward collective, the national advanced unit of statistical information work in urban public transport industry, and the national "March 8th Red Flag Collective" of Route 28.

In the future, Hangzhou Gong xx Transportation Group Co., Ltd. will further follow the requirements of "building a metropolis and a new paradise", take the lead in realizing urban modernization, actively advocate the business philosophy of "bus priority and excellent bus", inherit and carry forward the traditional spirit of hard struggle, constantly emancipate the mind, update concepts and accelerate development, and build itself into a modern enterprise system with diversified property rights, reasonable industrial structure and high degree of informationization.