Nowadays, when the country is in peace and prosperity, the wind of appreciating stones and hiding stones is rising day by day, which is unstoppable. With the gradual maturity and perfection of the market economy, stone appreciation and stone storage have completely gone out of the boudoir, showing their huge investment appreciation potential. So, which stones can be called ornamental stones and have collection value? To answer this question, we must understand the resources and distribution of stone appreciation in China. According to the latest statistics, there are 95 kinds of ornamental stones in China, which can be divided into six categories: pictographic stones, textured stones, contour stones, biological fossils, mineral crystals and craft stones. Among them, pictographic stones, textured stones and transparent stones cover most kinds of stones. Such as Lingbi stone, Gobi stone, Taihu stone, Kunshi stone, Quartz stone, Lashi stone, Baling stone, Wuling stone, snowflake stone, fossil, painted pottery stone, tortoise shell stone, wood grain stone, Jiulongbi stone, Guizhou greenstone, Laoshan greenstone, Qixia stone, Yuhua stone and so on. Biological fossils refer to: animal and plant fossils. Mineral crystals refer to: turquoise, malachite, crystal, fluorite and so on. Marble, flower stone, chrysanthemum stone, peony stone and other craft stones. So many ornamental stones, which are our collection objects? This should be suitable for people or places. As the saying goes, things are rare. In the face of many ornamental stones, we should choose the ornamental stones suitable for our own economic ability, appreciation preferences and our own value judgment for collection. For general collectors, except for Tian Huangshi, bloodstone and Hetian jade stone, most ornamental stones are collected at a fair starting line. Because the collection of ornamental stones and their value orientation are not only the appreciation value in the general sense, but also have very rich cultural value connotation. Therefore, the collection value of ornamental stones is not only reflected in the ornamental value, but also its cultural value and discovery value are immeasurable. This is also the key to the attraction of ornamental stones.

The collection and appraisal of ornamental stones are an inseparable whole, and the evaluation of the value and taste of ornamental stones cannot be separated from scientific and objective appraisal. Traditional ornamental stones have always followed ancient standards: wrinkle, leakage, thinness, transparency and ugliness. With the development of new varieties of ornamental stones, a large number of new members have been added to the ornamental stone family. The status of the four traditional famous stones, Lingbi Stone, Taihu Stone, Kunshi Stone and Quartz Stone, is being challenged, and rising stars such as Jiulongbi, grape agate stone, Giant Fossil and Painted Pottery Stone are leading the way. The evaluation criteria of ornamental stones have also been integrated with new contents with the times: color, quality, shape, grain and sound. Combined with traditional standards, the evaluation of ornamental stones is more scientific and objective, and covers more information. If any ornamental stone fails to meet any of the above standards, then this ornamental stone will lose its unique charm and personality, and its value will be greatly reduced. On the other hand, if the characteristics of several standards are combined, the collection value and ornamental value of these ornamental stones will be better. To this end, I will refer to the evaluation standard of ancient and modern ornamental stones as ten, so as to communicate with ornamental stone lovers.

Ten evaluation criteria for ornamental stones;

Wrinkles: Wrinkles are concave and convex stripes formed in the early stage of stone appreciation due to natural shrinkage or natural water flow and sand erosion.

Leakage: there are holes or cracks in the stone appreciation, which make water or other objects drip, leak or fall out.

Thin: (as opposed to fat or fat) refers to the narrow or thin shape or part of a stone.

Permeability: To penetrate (liquid, light, etc.). ); Penetration: Permeability and brightness, especially for stone appreciation.

Ugly: ugly, ugly. Appreciating stones means that they are weird and different.

Color: color, color, refers to the natural color of stone appreciation.

Quality: nature, essence and quality, especially the natural texture, structure, density, hardness, smoothness and texture of stone appreciation, as well as the quality and size of stone appreciation.

Form: form, shape, structural state, etc. Here refers to the natural appearance of stone appreciation and the natural appearance presented by the combination of point, line and surface.

Grain: grain and trace refer to the lines and patterns on the surface of stone appreciation.

Sound: sound, sound, refers to the sound and sound produced by knocking or friction vibration in stone appreciation.

Several methods of forging strange stones;

The ten criteria for judging ornamental stones mentioned above are also the goals that counterfeiters deliberately imitate and chase. Forgers often use modern processing tools and various means to manually treat ordinary or defective stones to double their value. Let me talk about the general identification skills of fake stones and fake stones, and discuss them with stone lovers.

Forgers often make ornamental stones by chopping, chopping, digging, filling, crushing, carving, grinding, rotting, pressing, fading and injecting glue, thus forming large-scale production and creating profits.

Chopping: Generally, tools such as steel axe and hammer are used to thin the plump ornamental stone to make it more ornamental. After chopping, the stone surface often leaves obvious and regular processing marks, forming its special angular and stony differences. There are some weathered layers or stone skins on the surface of the original stone, which are light or heavy, but these traces disappear after chopping, which provides conditions for identification.

Digging: it is a process of penetration and leakage with steel chisel and steel drill. After processing, an ordinary stone is transparent and clear, which is more suitable for market demand. Digging around will also leave marks on the surface of the stone. Digging around will leave irregular gaps in the stone, which is contrary to the natural smoothness of natural stone. The excavation is carried out with mechanical tools such as electric drill and grinding wheel, which will inevitably leave arc marks of machining.

Filling and reducing: it is the filling and trimming after the excavation process. Through filling, inlaying and trimming, the processed artificial stone is more natural. However, filling and falling will still leave fillings with different properties from the original stone, and the joint between fillings and the original stone will leave regular adhesion marks, while falling can find defects from parallel or neatly crossed marks.

Carving and grinding: generally, it is a common technique in craft stone. Through knife carving, sand blasting, polishing and other processes, the ornamental value of the processed stone is highlighted. Carving and grinding are often used in the processing of counterfeit products such as grape agate stone and patterned stones, which have obvious artificial traces, and some of them can be as smooth as mirrors and pearls, which are difficult to form in nature. In addition, carving and grinding are used to increase the texture characteristics and patina of stones. All these should be identified by observing the overall texture structure of stone and the consistency of patina, and defects can be found as long as they are carefully identified.

Rot: It is common practice to make fake stones now. On the preliminarily processed stone, the traces of artificial production are washed away by washing and soaking with strong acid and weak acid, so as to reduce the edges, corners, stiff points, lines and surfaces during processing. However, the original weathering layer on the surface of stone with pickling bubbles is almost lost, and a unique pickling film is often formed on the inner hole or outer surface of stone. Although after subsequent treatment, we can still identify the difference from the original natural stone.

Molding: it is to paste the finished pattern on the main stone by molding with a mold to make it a decorative stone. This technology is generally used to make bone fossils in craft stones and biological fossils. Materials are generally industrial polyester or soluble chemical materials, which are processed after molding, and are easy to be hidden by mistake if they are not carefully identified. But as long as you bake it with fire, you will find problems.

Fading: it is the general term for soaking with colored dyes, high-temperature coloring and pickling fading. Many ornamental stones, such as pebbles, portraits on flaky stones, zodiac signs, flowers, etc., are of this kind and have little collection value. It can be found that its color will change as long as it is washed and soaked in boiling water. If the used dyeing materials are contaminated, it will also do harm to human health.

Glue injection: usually used for small and high-grade ornamental stones such as fake jade, agate, aeolian gravel and rain flower stone. The mixture of polyester, dye and high-concentration glue is used to inject glue on the stone surface or defective position to add color and luster to the imitation stone and enhance its commercial value. Identification of this ornamental stone can be verified not only by fire roasting, but also by scraping with a knife and digging with a needle.

In a word, stone appreciation, stone identification and stone hiding are a systematic project. A natural ornamental stone with good quality must be able to withstand appraisal and scrutiny, and artificial production and processing can't be on the elegant hall of stone appreciation. The charm of ornamental stones is a miracle among the wonders of nature. Seating is an organic part of strange stone art, and it is one of the techniques that combine the natural beauty of strange stone with the beauty of artificial art. The functions of matching seats are: supporting the main body, setting off the theme, beautifying and decorating, balancing the center of gravity, coordinating colors and making up for deficiencies.

Supporting main body: The stone part of the main body of Kistler is amorphous, mostly unstable and difficult to chisel and saw (because processing is easy to destroy the integrity of its natural shape). So support it at its best angle with wooden seats or other materials.

Make up for the deficiency: the missing part of the figurative work, such as the eagle's foot is too short, can be used as a prosthesis to make it necessary, and naturally avoid the disadvantages of gilding the lily. When some stones lose their shape, they should be buried in sockets as much as possible. The types of supporting seats can be roughly divided into bottom-supporting type, single-frame type, edging type and basin-plate type.

Of course, no matter how good a stone is, it must show its own beauty. It would be better if it could stand upright between heaven and earth. Red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue and purple are the best, followed by mixed color, double color and monochrome. Color is the meaning of life, the meaning of color, and the perfect unity of color, shape and meaning can be described as a beautiful stone.

The King of Birds-Fu Lushou

Stone type: bloodstone

Specification: height 26 cm, width 6 cm and thickness 6 cm.

There are red, green and Huang San colors that naturally form the king of birds (Phoenix). Red stands for green blessing and yellow stands for longevity. It is a natural external shape formed by nature, such as triangle, circle and ellipse. In short, it is all kinds of strange and ubiquitous. Some forms are concrete, some are abstract, some have both form and spirit, and the concrete is vivid and vivid, and the abstract is varied and intriguing. The shape of the stone should be as complete as possible, and there should be no deep cracks and lines on the viewing surface, otherwise it will not affect the viewing. From the appearance of the whole stone, the circle can give people a round and smooth feeling; A regular triangle can give people a sense of symmetry, balance and stability. An inverted triangle can give people a sense of surprise in seeking relief from danger. A good stone has a unique shape, an interesting appearance and a complete stone body, which is in harmony with its content, and its surface shape and inner spirit complement each other.

Name: Fish Return to the Sea

Size: large (red and white) 1 1*6.5*2.5 medium (yellow and white) 9*4.3*2.5 small (blue and gray) 5.5*3.5*2.3 stone species: aeolian fossils.

Comments: Three weathered stones, created by nature for hundreds of millions of years, resemble three beautiful fish. Fine reward: the small fish is lifelike, lifelike, lifelike and beautiful, which is really rare. I wish this stone good luck and a happy life for more than a year. Calf stone sheep

Stone species: Gobi agate stone

Specification: length 13cm, width 10cm, height 9cm.

This strange stone is naturally formed, produced in Alashan Zuomeng, Inner Mongolia, and belongs to the Gobi agate variety. The main body of the stone is: a calf rests on a small stone after eating, lifelike, lifelike. From the cow's head, eyes, ears, body, front hoof, back hoof and tail, it is unique in one go. The most amazing thing is that in the eyes of the calf, there is a beautiful antelope with a head, horns and body, which is the finishing touch.

Venus in the East

Stone species: Gobi agate stone

Dimensions: height 13.5cm, width 3cm and thickness 2cm.

Red-headed fish, an agate hieroglyph in Alashan.

Stone species: Alashan agate

Size: length 12cm, width 3cm and thickness 0.5cm

Small snake shell original stone

Stone species: Gobi agate stone

Specification: 8.5cm *7.5cm *5.5cm

This strange stone is a small snake crawling out of its shell and hole. The snake's body, head, eyes and shell are all bright and transparent. The little snake spits out letters and visits the unknown world outside. The overall shape is realistic, and the snake body twists and turns, just like the distorted image of a real snake. Artistic beauty is an important part of strange stones, which refers to the exaggeration, humor, similarity or generalization of stone bodies or patterns, the fusion of feelings and the expression of artistic associations in order to achieve a perfect artistic realm. As far as the beauty and ugliness of strange stones are concerned, the beauty of patterns and shapes of strange stones can be perfectly unified, which is a superior product. If the pattern is beautiful and flat, even with cracks and scars, it still loses its ornamental value, because beauty covers all ugliness, and inner beauty can cover the ugliness of appearance. The aesthetic standard of strange stones lies in the perfect combination of form and spirit.

In short, the appreciation of strange stones should be based on the imagination of stone shape, stone quality, stone color and stone pattern, from reality to emptiness, from simplicity to essence, from complexity to simplicity, from sharp to spirit, from meaning to rhyme, from strangeness to mystery, and gradually sublimate, so as to be appreciated by the whole family and friends. A strange stone even needs years of observation to truly appreciate its artistic conception.

Quarrying and appreciating stones is a leisure activity. Going hiking and picking up some strange stones can not only relax, enjoy the fun of natural scenery, but also exercise. After cleaning and sorting out the recycled stones, color, shape, meaning and interest will take you into a new world. Stones are psychic, and I never get tired of seeing them. Things blend with me, and the strange stone naturally becomes your lover and partner. Therefore, collecting strange stones has gradually become a leisure lifestyle of modern people, and you can get wonderful fun without spending a lot of money. The so-called stone painting refers to figures, animals, plants, flowers, birds, insects and fish presented on the stone body, which are lifelike and lifelike. Some are abstract, some are concrete, some are sketched, some are splashed with ink, some are sketched, some are like Chinese painting, and some are like oil painting. Their techniques are changeable, and the creatures they represent are like paintings, which makes people feel mysterious.

The little angel came to earth.

Stone type: painting-like stone

Size: 4x3.5x2CM

This kind of stone painting is lifelike,

The little angel walked like a cloud, or braved the wind and waves to come to the world, and behind him was a little tengu. The angel closed one eye and said silently, "God, bless your family happiness and peace!" " "Opening one eye is to see the beautiful world clearly. Hi! I'm an angel sent by God. I'm here. Hello, earthlings! The decorative stone is on the surface of the strange stone, which expresses the artistic sense of the strange stone with a flat picture. Everything in society, such as landscapes, figures, animals, still life, buildings and so on, which are formed by dipping minerals in stones with the pen of nature, is represented by straight lines or composed of color blocks, which are varied, varied and spectacular.

Royal princess

Stone type: patterned stone

Size:10× 9× 6.5cm.

Patterned stone is a royal princess, graceful, black, with a slim skirt, among the yellow wax stones. Famous meat stone (meat stone)

Jiangxi is rich in stone appreciation resources and has a long history. According to the Records of Yunlin Stone Spectrum in Song Dynasty, there are seven kinds of strange stones 17 in Jiangxi, ranking first in all provinces. Since the reform and opening up, stone appreciation in Jiangxi has developed rapidly, and the strange stones contained in Yunlin Stone Catalogue have been rediscovered and developed continuously. The most prominent ones are Yushan stone in Shangrao area and Shangyou stone in Ganzhou area. In addition to the rediscovery of old stone species, new stone species are constantly emerging. The newly developed Liaohe stone, Zhangjiang stone (Nan 'an stone), Yushan stone (Sanqing stone) and Shangyou stone have become the four main stone species in Jiangxi.

Shangyou stone is a metamorphic rock of volcanic rocks, which was formed hundreds of millions of years ago and is a combination of frozen stone and yellow wax stone. After long-term differentiation, the scouring block is smaller. Shangyou county has complex geological structure, many ore belts and dense rivers. The geological conditions for the formation of strange stones are unique, and the stones on both sides of the river are mixed with excellent shangyou stones. More than 800 years ago, Yunlin Stone Spectrum, the earliest and most influential stone spectrum in China, recorded 1 16 kinds of famous strange stones and producing areas in China at that time, and Shangyou stone produced in Shangyou County of Ganzhou City was among them. After being dusted for more than 800 years, Shangyou Stone was finally rediscovered and recognized, and returned to the famous Kistler family in China.

Among Shangyou stone and Liaohe stone, people found a new stone species-Carcassone, whose pigskin, fat and thin layers are distinct and colorful, just like a bowl of freshly baked Dongpo meat, which is delicious and vivid, and is favored by modern stone friends. Mr. Wu, a stone lover in Jiangxi, is particularly fond of meat stones. In the process of collecting for more than ten years, he was almost obsessed with the pursuit of meat and stone, and collected a large number of meat and stone with different specifications and shapes. In order to give you a glimpse of the elegant demeanour and improve your understanding of meat and stone, we now collect some for readers. Lapis lazuli, a unique stone crystal in Liaohe River, Jiangxi Province, is a combination of seasonal crystal and lapis lazuli, resulting in various shapes. The main colors are yellow and white, with yellow being lapis lazuli and white being seasonal crystal. Many crystal lapis lazuli have smooth or elegant lines, which are combined into pictographic patterns, many of which are written patterns, breaking the calligraphy school that people have long imprisoned and bringing us a super artistic beauty. The collectors in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province are representative, and their appearance naturally becomes a cursive Chinese character' Fu'.

The word "fu"

Stone species: Black gems with figures formed by volcanic eruption.

Specification: 6x4.2x2.3cm