What are the hazards of high bmi? The relative risks of coronary heart disease, stroke and ischemic stroke increase by 65,438 05.4%, 6,654.38 0% and 65,438 08.8% for each increase of bmi index.
Once the body mass index reaches or exceeds 24, the probability of suffering from serious health-threatening diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease and dyslipidemia will increase significantly. The specific hazards are as follows:
Hypertensive patients have a harder heart than healthy people. The higher the bmi, the heavier the weight, and the greater the possibility of suffering from hypertension. Even with mild hypertension, before the age of 65, the risk of stroke is three times higher than that of people with normal blood pressure.
High risk of diabetes
The higher the bmi, the fatter the body. The researchers found that too many fat cells need the pancreas to secrete too much insulin to convert sugar in the blood into energy. When the pancreas is overloaded, its function will be weakened, so the sugar in the blood will increase and cannot be fully utilized and excreted.
Obese women are four times more likely to have diabetes than normal women. 70% of diabetics are obese. Diabetes patients caused by obesity will improve their condition after losing weight and return to normal glucose metabolism.
Susceptible to skin diseases
Dermatologists point out that because fat people sweat more, it will destroy the original function of skin to prevent infection. Fat people are prone to eczema, rash, scabies and other skin diseases.
Susceptible to fatty liver
About half of obese people with higher bmi are prone to fatty liver, and the liver is the place where triglycerides are synthesized. However, there is not much extra space in the liver to store it. In obese people, the balance between triglyceride synthesis and transportation is unbalanced. Obese people consume more fatty acids, so the liver synthesizes more triglycerides. A large amount of triglycerides accumulate in the liver, leading to fatty liver.
Will affect life.
Most life insurance companies in the United States use a person's weight as the standard for estimating life expectancy. According to its data, if you are lighter than the "ideal weight" calculated by height, you can live longer.
Susceptible to kidney disease
The kidney filters the blood in the body about 25 times a day to remove waste and toxins from the blood and maintain the balance of salt, water and other substances. Kidney experts say that being overweight is easy to harm the main organs of the body, because diabetes and hypertension, two causes of kidney diseases, are related to obesity.
High risk of heart disease
Even obese people with very low cholesterol have a much higher risk of heart disease than normal people, because fat will adhere to the blood vessel wall. Excess fat will not only affect the appearance, but also make the blood not get enough oxygen. In order to make up for this situation, the body will produce too many red blood cells, which will make the blood sticky and slow down. In obese people, the heart will expand and weaken due to excessive fatigue, and in severe cases, "congestive heart failure" will occur. Research shows that obesity is more likely to cause heart disease than smoking.
What is the normal bmi? The normal range of body mass index is 18.5-23.9.
Adult body mass index value:
Too light: less than 18.5
Normal: 18.5-23.9
Overweight: 24-27 years old
Obesity: 28-32 years old
Very obese, over 32 years old.
Because of the error, the body mass index can only be used as one of many standards to evaluate the individual's weight and health status. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) advises doctors to refer to the following three factors to assess whether a patient is overweight.
Body mass index waist circumference-measures the risk factors of abdominal fat and obesity-related diseases, such as hypertension, high LDL ("malignant") cholesterol, low HDL ("benign") cholesterol, hyperglycemia and smoking.
Because the body mass index does not take into account a person's fat ratio, a person with an overweight body mass index may not actually be obese. For example, a person who practices fitness will have a body mass index of more than 30 because of his heavy muscle weight. If their body fat rate is low, they don't need to lose weight.
How to reduce diet control if bmi is too high?
1. Control overeating and avoid eating high-energy and high-fat foods, such as chocolate, candy, butter, fried foods, desserts and sweet drinks.
2. Diet should be based on the principle of low fat, low carbohydrate and low calorie. Lean meat, fish, tofu, soybean milk, shrimp, liver, etc. It can ensure adequate nutrition and avoid premature and frequent hunger.
3, slow down the speed of eating, chew slowly, can reduce the amount of food. In the order of each meal, we should eat some fruits, such as apples and pears, and get into the habit of drinking some soup before meals. We should eat more vegetables, such as cabbage, celery and cucumber, for non-staple food, which will make us feel full.
4. Eat more foods containing crude fiber. Eat more fruits and vegetables, beans, whole grains and nuts, and limit the intake of sugar.
5. Reasonable distribution of three meals, breakfast 1/4, lunch 2/4, dinner 1/4, without extra attention after dinner.
6. Reduce food intake appropriately, starting with staple food. Rice, noodles, steamed bread, corn and other staple foods should be gradually reduced, first reducing the amount of 1/4, and then reducing 1/3, 1/2.
take exercise
Exercise is the key to keeping healthy. Too high bmi is often due to too little or no exercise at all. The same exercise can also treat obesity. A lot of exercise is the most effective way to burn body fat. After a lot of exercise, excess fat in the body can be converted into energy and consumed, and at the same time, it can promote the production of muscles and promote the health of the body.
Ensure sleep time
Sleep can help lower bmi because of the time of sleep. When people sleep at night, with the change of time, their effects on various internal organs of the body are different. The morning to 3 o'clock is the detoxification period of the liver. During this period, they must be in a deep sleep state to ensure the best detoxification effect of the liver, and sleep for no less than 6-7 hours every day.
Surgical reduction
Severe obesity with bmi greater than 30, a large amount of fat accumulation leads to patients unable to live normally, even unable to breathe normally, resulting in suffocation. This kind of obesity is difficult to eliminate excess fat by ordinary means. It is necessary to remove excess fat by surgery to alleviate the symptoms of obesity and complications of asphyxia and save the lives of patients, but this method is not recommended for ordinary dieters.