China's first space teaching activity lasted about 40 minutes. The interaction between heaven and earth is realized with the support of China's relay satellite, and its appearance also marks the basic completion of the TT&C network of China's new generation manned space flight.
"The most difficult thing about online classes on the ground is the smooth network, which is even more difficult to guarantee in the sky." Yang Yuguang said that how to ensure the smooth communication link of high bit rate and high fidelity video stream is the most challenging, difficult and uncertain link in the process of space teaching.
Yang Yuguang further explained that the transmission of high-definition video in China's space teaching mainly relies on the commanding Skylink relay satellite, the ground monitoring station and the Roy survey ship as backup, but the proportion of ground monitoring and control support is not high, because Tiangong-1 and the space station are not over China most of the time.
A basic principle of wireless communication is that the higher the data bit rate, the higher the energy consumption and the higher the sensitivity requirements for transmission equipment.
"Space teaching needs higher audio and video bit rates." Yang Yuguang explained that this antenna link relay satellite uses a high-gain antenna, which makes the beam very narrow to ensure energy concentration and smooth transmission of high-bit-rate video data. At the other end is the butterfly antenna on the China Space Station, pointing to the relay satellite for cooperation. In this way, theoretically, a relay satellite can "see" the space station in China at any time, so as to ensure the smooth communication in the teaching process. "The delay of space teaching is only about 0.3 seconds." He said.
Not only that, space teaching and all-factor drills before teaching involve extensive cooperation between heaven and earth.
"When Wang Yaping gave the first space lecture in 20 13, the Ministry of Education was responsible for organizing students, the China Association for Science and Technology was responsible for designing preparatory courses, and the China Manned Space Engineering Office was responsible for astronauts and communication systems." Pang Zhihao said.
"Switching relay stars in TT&C communication system is also an important cooperation between heaven and earth. In addition, the physics experiment demonstrated by Wang Yaping in the sky, the ground teacher is also doing the same experiment, and the comparison experiment between heaven and earth is presented on the video screen almost at the same time. " Yang Yuguang said.
The "topic selection" condition of Tiangong No.2 classroom of space station is that the materials and equipment needed for the experiment must be safe and reliable, with small mass, small volume and low power consumption, which will not affect the health of astronauts and pollute the cockpit environment; Of course, originality, simplicity, feasibility and other factors should also be considered, and astronauts should not spend a lot of time.
"At that time, a magnet experiment was also designed, but considering that magnets may have an impact on the internal instruments and equipment of the spacecraft, this experiment was abandoned." Pang Zhihao added that in addition, chemical experiments are dangerous. For safety reasons, chemical experiments in space are usually carried out in experimental cabinets or glove boxes, which are difficult to present to students on the ground. Therefore, it is safer and more intuitive to choose physics experiment as the content of space teaching.
In order to do a good job in China's first space science education activity, China Manned Space Engineering Office, together with the Ministry of Education and China Association for Science and Technology, made a systematic and careful plan for the activity, and completed the preparation of courseware, teaching AIDS and ground lessons, and astronauts also made special preparations for it.
As Tiangong-1 is a precision aircraft, astronauts must be careful not to move too much and interfere with normal flight, and also be careful that floating experimental equipment and droplets affect the safety of the spacecraft.
As the keynote speaker, astronaut Wang Yaping made great efforts in preparing lessons. She carefully prepared the lecture content and humbly asked the professional teacher for lecture skills. Nie Haisheng, the commander, works as a teaching assistant in the space class, and is responsible for coordinating with Wang Yaping to manage teaching AIDS and maintain class order. Astronaut Zhang is almost tied to the bulkhead to finish the lecture, because as a cameraman, if he wants to keep his balance in weightlessness, he must fix himself on the bulkhead with a strap, so that he can keep stable shooting with a hand-held camera for a long time and send the wonderful pictures of space teaching back to the ground classroom.
"In the future, the experimental content and form of space teaching will become more and more novel. For example, the comparison experiment between heaven and earth compares the difference between silkworms or spiders spinning in space and on the ground, and observes how butterflies fly in space. " Pang Zhihao introduced that relevant domestic departments have also begun to organize young people to design space experiments and regularly invite experts to review them. It is expected that an excellent experimental scheme will be implemented in China Space Station in the future.
Comments on Tiangong Classroom of Space Station No.3 "Tiangong" is a space station independently developed by China. Needless to say, the name "Tiangong" was not casually named. It's like a palace with everything.
The space station is a "space hotel laboratory", where astronauts can stay for a short time and conduct various space research and experiments. Then why build a space station? The space station can test all kinds of technical equipment that may be used for space flight in the future. You can also get a "weightless" environment-a special environment that is difficult to stay on the ground for a long time. However, the cost of going to and from space is quite high. Being able to stay in space for a longer time at a time can reduce costs and improve work efficiency. So such a place with comprehensive functions that astronauts can live for a long time was born.
First of all, introduce the planning of our "palace".
Tianhe core cabin is the bedroom in the palace, mainly for astronauts to live in. Goods and manned spacecraft are used to transport goods and people, just like vehicles on the ground. The candlestick experimental module and the dream experimental module have not been completed yet. They are R&D laboratories in the "Palace" for various space experiments and scientific research.
There are all kinds of imaginable dangers in space, among which the threat comes from the sun as we know it. As we all know, the sun is the foundation of life on earth. It provides endless energy and nourishes the growth of all things. But the X-rays and gamma rays it releases are very deadly. These two rays can easily penetrate your skin and destroy all cells in your body. Then why can we bask in the sun every day on the earth? That's because the earth's magnetic field and atmosphere will reflect or absorb them. This safety factor must be considered in the site selection of the space station. Internationally, the distance from the ground 1000 km is generally chosen. For the sake of safety, our "Tiangong" is located 400 kilometers above the ground. This can be protected by the earth's magnetic field and atmosphere, killing two birds with one stone.
In ancient times, it was said that the Temple of Heaven was in the clouds, and all kinds of immortals lived there. At present, many astronauts and scientists live in the "Tiangong". They are working hard for the progress of China's space science and technology in high altitude, so that we can no longer rely on foreign technology, and we can really look at the whole universe while overlooking the earth and have a deeper understanding of space.
So our "heavenly palace" is really a veritable heavenly palace! Perhaps this is the origin and beautiful meaning of the name "Tiangong".
The door of "Tiangong" has been opened, and the future can be expected!
Shenzhou XIII manned spacecraft was launched in June+10/October, 65438+June, and the flight crew consisted of three astronauts: Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu. It was only a short month from the return of Shenzhou 12 to the launch of Shenzhou 13 in September 17. According to the plan, after the Shenzhou XIII spacecraft enters the orbit, it will dock at the radial port of Tianhe core cabin by autonomous rapid rendezvous and docking, and form an assembly with Tianhe core cabin, Tianzhou-2 and Tianzhou-3 cargo spacecraft. Astronauts will be stationed in the core cabin and work and live in accordance with the synchronous work and rest system of heaven and earth for up to 6 months. This means that compared with Shenzhou 12, the space challenge is longer, more difficult and more demanding. Astronauts will celebrate the Lunar New Year with us in space.
You can spend nine days on the moon, catch turtles in five oceans, and laugh and laugh. Man's yearning for and exploration of space has never stopped. However, in space, the vast sky seems magnificent and vast, but in fact it challenges the psychological and physical limits of astronauts and experiences many thrilling moments. According to astronaut Yang Liwei's recollection, during the mission of "Shenzhou 5", the rocket unexpectedly appeared a low-frequency vibration of about 8 Hz in the ascending phase, which had a * * * vibration with human internal organs for 26 seconds. At this point, Yang Liwei felt that his internal organs seemed to be broken and extremely painful, but he still gritted his teeth and told himself to "hold on, hold on again". In fact, this 26-second * * vibration is only a small microcosm of the hardships of China's manned space flight, but it outlines a "patriotic group portrait" of China astronauts who are brave and fearless and died for their country.
In the three months since Shenzhou XII left the earth, three China astronauts who were radiant in the eyes of outsiders all came from ordinary and simple families. When they are far away from the earth, cruising around the world and working hard, the villagers who stay in their hometown are working hard year after year as always. The dedication and responsibility of China astronauts began with blood, faith and patriotism. They carved their mission and burden on their shoulders and dedicated their honor and aura to the motherland and the nation.
"Persist because of love, persist because of dreams", this is the words of astronaut Wang Yaping who carried out the Shenzhou XIII mission. Every underwater training of space station mission, physical energy consumption is equivalent to running a "whole horse", so tired that even chopsticks can't be held stably, but it is tired and happy. Every centrifuge training has to bear an overload of up to 8 g, the face will be deformed due to pressure, and the chest will have difficulty breathing due to pressure. However, since the establishment of the Astronaut Brigade for more than 20 years, no one has ever pressed the "pause button". This kind of body can be "overloaded", and faith and spirit always "go into battle lightly", which shows a belief and a will. The spirit of revolutionary optimism and revolutionary heroism has traveled through time and space in today's China astronauts, emitting shocking and amazing power.
It seems to be the most extraordinary, but in fact it is easy and difficult. A country or a nation can climb as high as it is spiritually. Although we can't leave our footprints in the vast sky like the astronauts of Shenzhou XIII, we can vigorously carry forward the national spirit with patriotism as the core on the new Long March, be willing to be "a cow", "a pioneer cow" and always be an "old ox" in all walks of life in the construction of the motherland, and constantly supplement calcium and steelmaking with patriotism and manned spaceflight spirit, and always keep "the more difficult it is, the more brave it is".
With the development of the times, China's space industry has made great progress. Shenzhou 5 and Shenzhou VII opened a new chapter in China's manned space flight. Comrade Yang Liwei landed on the moon for nine days with the dream of/kloc-0.2 billion people, but at that time, China's space industry could not be called a complete system. At that time, we couldn't even produce a suit ourselves, and we needed to transform ourselves by importing Russian spacesuits.
By 265438+1920s, China's space industry had reached the peak of the world. If the International Space Station doesn't accept us, then we will build our own space station. If there is no foreign technology, then we will develop a complete aerospace industry system. The success of this manned spacecraft also marks the official entry of China's space system, which can compete with the space industry systems of other big countries in the world. Today, China, as a big country, has been at the forefront of the development of the international community.
I feel the persistence and efforts of all the astronauts who are struggling for China's manned spaceflight project. The completion of this space project represents the progress of China's manned space project and shows our scientific and technological strength in this regard. In the interview, Comrade Nie Haisheng said that "planting the national flag even at the expense" was really touching. It can be said that every astronaut has devoted his life to our space career. In order to complete the task, they are prepared to sacrifice, be fearless and go forward bravely. During this period, every astronaut needs to go through a lot of training to adapt to the simulated environment, weightlessness, emergency handling and so on. Every training is also to better complete the task. The sweat they have paid is unimaginable, and what they have done deserves our respect! Of course, not only our astronauts, but also thousands of Qian Qian astronauts who work silently behind the manned space program. Manned space flight needs the support of big data, advanced science and technology, tacit cooperation of various departments, and coordinated and unified scheduling. Without the joint efforts of all astronauts, manned space flight is difficult to complete. Our success today is inseparable from everyone who has made efforts for manned space flight! Write here, only "tribute"!
Retrospect after the Tiangong classroom of Space Station 7. The aerospace industry has always been a vivid epitome of a country's pursuit of innovation and development. Since the 1990s, China's manned spaceflight project has now reached the third step, namely, "building a space station to solve the problem of large-scale and long-term manned spaceflight application". The Long March V-B carrier rocket will undertake the important task of launching the space station cabin in the future, and its first flight is of great significance, which is related to whether the "three-step" strategic goal of manned spaceflight project can be realized. Faced with the adverse effects of the COVID-19 epidemic, the astronauts overcame many difficulties, won this tough battle, and strengthened their confidence in completing the follow-up mission. The launch of the Long March V-B carrier rocket is the achievement of China in building a space power and a world science and technology power. It also once again showed people the powerful spiritual strength of not being afraid of risks and challenges and being brave in breaking through and climbing.
Pushing open the door of the space station era, China Aerospace has demonstrated its confidence in unswervingly following the road of independent innovation with China characteristics. The launch time of the Long March V B carrier rocket was announced in advance, and finally the rocket was launched in a "zero window" within one second. From Shenzhou-9, Shenzhou-10 to Long March-5 B carrier rocket ... The launch times of several missions were announced in advance, accurate to the minute, which fully demonstrated the confidence of astronauts. Self-confidence comes from 16 manned space flight since the launch of Shenzhou-1 spacecraft, and also from the consciousness of always implementing and adhering to quality first and safety first in the manned space flight project with the most complex system and the highest safety requirements. Self-confidence is not only honed by "grinding a sword for ten years", but also depends on climbing and challenging the unknown. After the successful launch, the words: Dare to overcome all difficulties and obstacles and dare to climb the peak of space science and technology are printed on the screen of the lobby of Wenchang Space Launch Site. Struggle is a reward for the strugglers. China's space sword is boundless, and the "Long March" is always on the road.
Exploring the vast universe, developing the space industry and building a space power are our unremitting pursuit of the space dream. From 50 years ago, the first man-made earth satellite "Dongfanghong-1" started the space age, and today, the curtain of the space station era is slowly unfolding, and China Aerospace has once again embarked on a new journey. The space station is an extremely complicated and challenging step, but the huge gains will be unparalleled, which can accelerate the pace of exploration, development and utilization of the universe in China and even mankind. The leap of space station and space technology can also promote space achievements to benefit social development and people's lives more widely and deeply. As a pioneering work in near-earth space, the construction of the space station will lay the foundation stone for further realizing the longer-term goals such as manned lunar exploration and Mars exploration, and become a symbolic innovative practice of serving the country by space and strengthening the country by science and technology.
Retrospect after the Tiangong classroom on Space Station 8. The universe is boundless. I know that "the sky in the universe is mysterious and dark" and "the stars are shining with dazzling brilliance without blinking" ... everything has changed my understanding and filled my heart with stars and seas.
How does honey flow in the sky? How do astronauts turn in the sky? How do they rest? What kind of life is there? Those puzzles tempted me to read their introduction. It belongs to China's space station, the Tianhe core module of the motherland, and was conceived by China. At that moment, I was proud that I was a descendant of the Chinese people. Since the birth of Shenzhou-1 capsule, the road of scientific and technological development in China has been rolling forward.
Astronauts in the cabin want to stay healthy and fight weightlessness, so space treadmills and space bicycles were born, and penguins used them to fight muscle contraction. So they did a study on the growth and development of cells, saw the jumping and contraction of myocardial cells, and knew that the buoyancy of water would disappear in the vacuum weightless environment in space, and the surface tension of water was so great that it could be made into a water balloon. When a bubble is injected into a water polo, the positive and negative images can be seen, and the generated bubble is only generated in the water polo. Space can neither walk like the ground nor rotate like the ground ... how amazing! This is an unheard of treasure, which contains infinite exploration. When we heard that they circled the earth in 90 minutes and could watch the sunrise 16 a day, our eyes opened wide and they were all amazed, which played a shocking role in our short life.
The successful launch of the core cabin is inseparable from the struggle of countless aerospace technicians behind it; Without the sweat of hard training day after day and year after year, they can't go into space; The breakthrough of an experimental conclusion is inseparable from the hard research of three astronauts for half a year. You ask me, why are technicians so confident before connecting? Did you see the blood behind you? Success is no accident.
Beginning with youth, full of blood; Indulge in the vast starry sky, the sun, moon and stars also grow up in the breeze, with light. The pillars of the country are only teenagers, when you and I were both young!
Today, the teacher organized us to watch the Tiangong classroom. I went to see the Tiangong classroom with great expectation and felt the space life for the first time. I'm very excited.
First of all, I saw that they didn't use our ordinary cups when drinking water, but used a bag with a straw on it. I also found that they didn't drink it at first, but squeezed the water out first. Water can float in the air, and you can drink it into your stomach with only one mouth. I learned that everything is floating, because there is no gravity in space.
Subsequently, they used the tension of water to make water in the water film into water balloons. The experiment of convex lens imaging was explained to us, which made us understand the imaging principle of convex lens inversion.
Through the study of this Tiangong class, I learned a lot of space knowledge. Their spirit of daring to explore deserves our admiration! I will study hard and use my scientific and cultural knowledge to contribute to the aerospace industry of the motherland in the future!
Space Station 10 Reflection on Tiangong Classroom Today, I saw Tiangong Classroom and learned a lot. The teacher of this lecture is not an ordinary "teacher" They are actually teaching in space! They are Mr Zhai Zhigang, Mr Wang Yaping and Mr Ye Guangfu. They are astronauts of Shenzhou XIII.
In this class, Mr. Yaping introduced us a lot of space science knowledge, including "demonstration of astronauts' working and living scenes in orbit", "experimental demonstration of space cytology research", "buoyancy disappearance experiment", "water film tension experiment", "water polo optical experiment" and "effervescent tablet experiment".
Among them, I am most interested in "water film tension experiment". Teacher Yaping showed us the experiment. I see a metal ring on the table. Teacher Yaping carefully took a drinking bag and injected water into the metal ring, so that the water could be adsorbed on the metal ring, and then continued to inject water slowly, and the water film became a bulging water ball. At the end of the experiment, Teacher Yaping put a flower on the water polo that she cut with her daughter. I was surprised to find that the flower kept spinning in the water polo. How interesting!
Teacher Yaping also took us to visit the interior of Shenzhou XIII. "Space Kitchen", which has a simple microwave oven and water dispenser, and a lovely small refrigerator with fresh fruits.
Teacher Ye also performed a space turn for us. I know that blowing and swimming are not feasible. You can only turn around with your arms around your chest. It's amazing!
My dream is that I want to be an astronaut, travel in the universe and explore more mysteries of the universe in space!
Comments on Tiangong Classroom of Space Station 1 1 "Flying dreams never lose weight, and scientific dreams are infinitely tense." Eight years ago, "space teacher" Wang Yaping gave a lesson to more than 60 million students in China. Now she is once again on a trip to space, and will become the first female astronaut in China and the first female astronaut in China. Looking at the sound, the mysterious and distant deep space is getting closer and closer to us, and the beautiful "flying dream" is becoming a reality.
/kloc-in the early morning of 0/6, Shenzhou XIII was successfully launched, less than a month after the successful return of the Shenzhou XII manned spacecraft. A new "space travel trio" composed of Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu went to China Space Station by manned spacecraft. This mission will achieve a number of "firsts" such as radial rendezvous and docking with the core cabin, transfer from a rescue ship to a formal mission ship, and will carry out more space science experiments and technical experiments on the basis of the Shenzhou 12 mission.
"Sit on the floor, travel 80,000 miles a day, and look at thousands of rivers." In 2003, the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft was launched with Yang Liwei at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, and it took 2 1 hour and 23 minutes to successfully return to the ground, realizing the Chinese nation's dream of flying for the first time. Since 18, there have been seven manned flights, with the interval from to. The frequency of "business trip" is faster, the contact is smoother and the preparation is more leisurely, which shows China's ability to stand on its own feet in science and technology. From "one-day tour" to "seasonal tour" to "in-depth tour" lasting for half a year, the "space business trip" takes longer, takes bigger, farther and firmer steps, and shows the self-confidence and pride of a big country.
From "Two Bombs and One Satellite" and "the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon" to "Beidou" to guide the way, "Tiangong" to range rover and "Tian Wen" to explore the fire, and then to "Shenzhou" series to roam the sky, "xi He" to chase the sun ... Breakthrough again and again, step by step, the Chinese nation's exploration of space extends from the moon and Mars to the sun; As far as China people's eyes are concerned, they are looking up at the bright starry sky, searching for dark matter and gravitational waves, and even deeper unknown areas in space.
"The romance of China astronauts is to turn myths into reality". Indeed, in the vast space, more and more China space figures are composing the romantic feelings of the Chinese nation for the vast starry sky into realistic poems to explore space. According to the arrangement, the astronauts of Shenzhou XIII will stay in orbit for six months, and China people will spend the Spring Festival in space for the first time. Looking forward to the New Year's Eve, I can hear the blessings of my compatriots from space for the first time.
Reflections on the Tiangong Classroom of Space Station 12 The first class of Tiangong Classroom, the first space teaching activity of China Space Station, started on the afternoon of 12 9. Shenzhou 13 astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu gave a wonderful space science lesson to young people at the China Space Station.
Tiangong class is conducted in a way of interaction between heaven and earth. During the 60-minute lecture, the astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guang Fu vividly introduced the working and living scenes of the space station, demonstrating the phenomena of cytology experiment, buoyancy disappearance experiment, effervescent tablet experiment, object movement and liquid surface tension in microgravity environment. One experiment after another, let everyone intuitively feel the difference between the space environment and the ground environment of the space station. I finished watching this space class with relish, and I was amazed all the time during the watching. It's amazing!
Among them, I am most interested in the experiment of effervescent tablets! Teacher Wang Yaping injected effervescent tablets and blue pigment into the water polo, and gradually the water polo became a bubble ball full of bubbles, like a blue earth, really gorgeous!
Armstrong, the first man to land on the moon, once said: One small step for me, one giant step for mankind. Although we can only watch space lectures on TV screens thousands of miles away now, I believe that one day we can go to space in person, communicate face to face with lecturers and feel the fun of space.
At present, we are facing a great change that has never happened in a hundred years, which has opened a new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way. Opportunities and challenges coexist, and difficulties and hopes coexist. On the one hand, young cadres should take up the "baton" of the revolutionary cause, refine experience, enlighten wisdom, forge ahead in the history of the party's struggle, learn to be an old ox, carry forward the dedication regardless of gains and losses, and shoulder the heavy responsibility entrusted by the new era. On the other hand, we should study hard, increase our skills and act positively with the attitude and mental state of "being young", answer the "responsibility paper" of the youth well in the "relay race" of national rejuvenation, and run out of the good results of the younger generation. The vast number of scientific research workers should further carry forward the aerospace spirit, climb the peak of science and technology forever, and take the long March in the new era.
Carry forward the patriotic spirit of "serving the country when you grow up". In the early days of the development of China's space industry, many successful and talented scientists gave up the favorable conditions abroad and returned to the motherland without hesitation. Many developers are willing to be unsung heroes, unknown, silent dedication, and some even give their precious lives. With their own blood and life, they wrote moving poems that dedicated themselves to the motherland and the people and died. Scientific research talents in the new era should learn from the older generation of scientists, strengthen the idea of scientific and technological innovation and serving the country, integrate the pursuit of career into the needs of the country, inherit the tradition of patriotic dedication of predecessors, take the needs of the country and the nation as the research orientation, and realize the perfect integration of individuals, careers and the country on the road of serving the country through science and technology.
Carry forward the struggle spirit of "tempering" In the vast Gobi and sparsely populated ravines, the older generation of researchers overcame all kinds of unimaginable difficulties and obstacles. They used limited scientific research and experimental means, relied on science, worked hard, made great efforts, broke through technical difficulties with determination and innovation, and achieved great victory in the cause of "two bombs and one satellite". Beyond this era, we are undoubtedly lucky. Our living environment and scientific research conditions are far better than those of the older generation of scientists. Contemporary researchers follow the example of the older generation of scientists, vigorously carry forward the spirit of self-reliance and hard struggle, work hard in their respective fields and create new achievements.
Carry forward the unity spirit of "everyone picks up some flames". In the extraordinary process of developing "two bombs and one satellite", thousands of scientific and technical personnel, engineering and technical personnel and logistics support personnel from all regions and departments across the country have United and cooperated, and Qi Xin has made concerted efforts to form a mighty team to March to the peak of modern science and technology. They have added a dazzling page to the creation of Chinese civilization with their achievements in welding. Scientific research is a complex and arduous group labor, and the interaction between people in scientific research activities directly affects the scientific research cooperation and the completion of scientific research plans. The majority of scientific research workers should firmly establish the awareness of the overall situation, cooperation and service, focus on the same goal, and cooperate with each other while giving full play to their respective strengths.