From analog to GSM, from GSM to GPRS and so on, the invention of every new technology has greatly promoted the development of mobile phones.
The development history of mobile phones can be roughly divided into these generations:
The first generation (1G)
The second generation (2G)
Third Generation (3G)
The first generation of mobile phones (1g)-analog mobile phones were born in the late 1970s.
Analog mobile phone system mainly adopts analog and frequency division multiple access (FDMA) technologies.
AMPS (North American Cellular System), NMT (Nordic Mobile Phone) and TACS (Omni-directional Communication System) are the main analog standards.
Only voice communication can be carried out, the receiving effect and confidentiality are insufficient, and the wireless bandwidth is not fully utilized.
The greatest achievement of the first generation wireless network technology is to remove the user line connecting the telephone and the network, so that users can receive and make calls wirelessly anywhere.
The second generation (2G)
At present, the most widely used mobile phones in the world are GSM mobile phones, CDMA mobile phones and PHS mobile phones, collectively referred to as the second generation mobile phones (2G).
The second generation system introduced digital radio technology, which provided higher network capacity, improved voice quality and confidentiality, and also introduced seamless international roaming.
Besides voice communication, the second generation system can also send and receive short messages (SMS), multimedia messages (MMS) and WAP.
At present, the market labels of the second generation mobile phones in the world are GSM, D-AMPS, PDC and IS-95CDMA.
Third Generation (3G)
The third generation mobile system IMT-2000 is a broadband multimedia system, which can provide high-quality broadband integrated services.
The main goal of the third generation mobile phone is to develop a universal wireless communication system, but as a result, many different formats have emerged, including WCDMA, CDMA2000 and TD-SCDMA.
These new standards are based on CDMA (code division multiple access) technology, and have further developed in bandwidth utilization and data communication.
Second, the history of mobile phone development
65438+May 24th 0844. Morse's telegram sent the first telegram from Washington to Baltimore in human history. "What a miracle God has created!" "
1On June 2, 875, Bell accidentally spilled sulfuric acid on his leg while doing the experiment. He was in pain and shouted to his colleagues in the other room, "Come and help me!" " This sentence was transmitted to Hotell who answered the phone in another room through the telephone in the experiment, which became the first sentence transmitted by human beings by telephone.
183 1 year, Faraday discovered the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction in England. Maxwell further expounded the research results of Faraday and others with mathematical formulas, and extended the theory of electromagnetic induction to space. More than 60 years later, Hertz confirmed the existence of electromagnetic waves in experiments.
The discovery of electromagnetic waves has become the turning point from "wired communication" to "radio communication" and the origin of the whole mobile communication. As a scientist said, "Mobile phones were born on the shoulders of telegrams and telephones. Without the efforts of predecessors, wireless communication is impossible. "
1973 One day in April, a man stood on the street in new york, pulled out a wireless phone about the size of two bricks and started talking. This man is marty cooper, the inventor of mobile phone. At that time, he was an engineer at Motorola. This was the first mobile phone in the world at that time.
1975, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) of the United States determined the spectrum of land mobile phone communication and large-capacity cellular mobile phone. It is ready for the commercial application of mobile phones.
1979, Japan opened the world's first cellular mobile phone network.
1982, GSM (mobile communication task force) was established in Europe.
1985, the first commercial mobile phone was born. It puts the power supply and antenna in an example and weighs 3 kilograms.
The modern mobile phone was born in 1987. Its weight is still about 750 grams, which is like a big brick compared with today's mobile phone with only 60 grams.
Since then, the "slimming" of mobile phones has become more and more rapid. 199 1 year, and the weight of the mobile phone is about 250g. 1in the autumn of 996, a mobile phone with a volume of 100 cubic centimeter and a weight of 100 gram appeared. Since then, it has been further miniaturized and lightweight, and 1999 has been lighter than 60 grams.
Thirdly, if we trace the development history of mobile phones, we will find that the concept of mobile phones appeared as early as the 1940s.
At that time, Bell Laboratories, the largest communication company in the United States, began trial production. 1940, Bell Laboratories manufactured the first so-called mobile phone.
But because of its large size, researchers can only put it on the shelf in the laboratory, and people will gradually forget it. 1973 in April, marty cooper, an engineer and technician of the famous American Motorola Company, invented the world's first civil mobile phone.
When Cooper made the world's first mobile phone, he could use any electromagnetic frequency band. The first generation of analog mobile phones is actually to distinguish different mobile phones of different users by different frequencies.
The second generation mobile phone -GSM system distinguishes users with a very small time difference. Today, the frequency resources are obviously insufficient, and the number of mobile phone users is also growing rapidly in geometric series.
As a result, the updated CDMA technology, using different codes to distinguish different computers, came into being. The mobile phone using this technology not only has better call quality and confidentiality, but also can reduce radiation, which is called "green mobile phone".
183 1 year, Faraday discovered the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction in England. Maxwell further expounded the research results of Faraday and others with mathematical formulas, and extended the theory of electromagnetic induction to space. More than 60 years later, Hertz confirmed the existence of electromagnetic waves in experiments.
The discovery of electromagnetic waves has become a turning point from wired communication to radio communication, and it is also the origin of the whole mobile communication. As a scientist said, mobile phones were born on the shoulders of telegrams and telephones. Wireless communication is impossible without the efforts of predecessors.
65438+May 24th 0844. Morse's telegram sent the first telegram from Washington to Baltimore in human history. What a miracle God has created! 1On June 2, 875, Bell accidentally spilled sulfuric acid on his leg while doing the experiment.
He cried bitterly to his colleagues in the other room. Come and help me! This sentence was transmitted to Hotell who answered the phone in another room through the telephone in the experiment, which became the first sentence transmitted by human beings by telephone. 1902, an American named "Nathan Stubblefield" made the first wireless telephone equipment in his country house in Murray, Kentucky. This kind of wireless mobile communication telephone is the earliest exploration and research on "mobile phone" technology.
1940, Bell Laboratories made mobile phones. 1946, it was the first time in the world to make a call from a moving car in St. Louis with a mobile phone.
1957, Leonid, an outstanding engineer in the Soviet Union. Kupriyan Norwich invented лк- 1 mobile phone.
In 1958, he further improved his mobile phone. The weight of the equipment is reduced from 3 kg to 500 g (including the battery weight), and the shape is simplified to the size of two cigarette cases, so that you can make a phone call anywhere in the city and connect any fixed telephone.
By the mid-1960s, the mobile phones in Norich, Kupriyan had been able to work effectively within 200 kilometers. From 65438 to 0958, the Soviet Union began to develop the world's first fully automatic mobile phone communication system "Altai" (алтай).
1959, Altai system with excellent performance won the gold medal in Brussels World Expo. 1973, a man stood on the street in new york, pulled out a wireless phone about the size of two bricks and started talking.
This man is marty cooper, the inventor of mobile phone. At that time, he was an engineer at Motorola.
This was the first mobile phone in the world at that time. 1975, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) of the United States determined the spectrum of land mobile phone communication and large-capacity cellular mobile phone.
It is ready for the commercial application of mobile phones. 1979, Japan opened the world's first cellular mobile phone network.
1982, GSM (mobile communication task force) was established in Europe. 1985, the first commercial mobile phone was born.
It puts the power supply and antenna in an example and weighs 3 kilograms. The modern mobile phone was born in 1987.
Its weight is still about 750 grams, which is like a big brick compared with today's mobile phone with only 60 grams. Since then, the slimming of mobile phones has become more and more rapid.
199 1 year, and the weight of the mobile phone is about 250g. 1in the autumn of 996, a mobile phone with a volume of 100 cubic centimeter and a weight of 100 gram appeared.
Since then, it has been further miniaturized and lightweight, and 1999 has been lighter than 60 grams. At present, the so-called third generation mobile phone (3G) is the most widely used in the world, which is mainly based on the GSM system in Europe and the CDMA system in the United States. They are all digital systems, which can not only carry out voice communication, but also send and receive short messages and wireless application protocols.
In Chinese mainland and Taiwan Province Province, GSM is the most popular, CDMA mobile phones are also very popular, and the whole industry is migrating to the fourth generation mobile phones (4G). In addition to typical telephone functions, some mobile phones also include PDA, game machine, MP3, camera, photography, recording, GPS, Internet access and other functions, and there is a trend to develop mobile phone functions to PDA.
The microphone and earphone of the telephone and the corresponding microphone and receiver are all installed on one handle. Formerly known as mobile phones, handheld devices, mobile phones and faxes, they are portable telephone terminals that can move in a large range.
According to industry analysts, although the basic protection functions of mobile phone security products are relatively complete, there are still shortcomings in anti-harassment, privacy protection and data protection, and there is still a large market space in the future. QQ mobile phone housekeeper, security housekeeper, NetQin and other security vendors have announced their entry into the field of cloud security. 20 13 will be a crucial year for the accelerated landing of mobile cloud security, and major security vendors will continue to increase their investment in mobile cloud security solutions. 1G The first generation mobile phone (1G) refers to analog mobile phones, which appeared in China, Hongkong, the United States and other film and television works in 1980s and 1990s.
The first person who invented the mobile phone was Dr. Cooper from America. Due to the limitation of battery capacity and the development of analog modulation technology, such as huge antenna and integrated circuit, this mobile phone has a square appearance and can only be moved, but not portable.
Many people call this kind of mobile phone "brick" or "Black King Kong". This kind of mobile phone has many formats, such as NMT, AMPS, TACS, but basically.
Fourth, the development history of smart phones1844 May 24th. Morse's telegram sent the first telegram from Washington to Baltimore in human history. "What a miracle God has created!" "
1On June 2, 875, Bell accidentally spilled sulfuric acid on his leg while doing the experiment. He was in pain and shouted to his colleagues in the other room, "Come and help me!" " This sentence was transmitted to Hotell who answered the phone in another room through the telephone in the experiment, which became the first sentence transmitted by human beings by telephone.
183 1 year, Faraday discovered the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction in England. Maxwell further expounded the research results of Faraday and others with mathematical formulas, and extended the theory of electromagnetic induction to space. More than 60 years later, Hertz confirmed the existence of electromagnetic waves in experiments.
The discovery of electromagnetic waves has become the turning point from "wired communication" to "radio communication" and the origin of the whole mobile communication. As a scientist said, "Mobile phones were born on the shoulders of telegrams and telephones. Without the efforts of predecessors, wireless communication is impossible. "
1973 One day in April, a man stood on the street in new york, pulled out a wireless phone about the size of two bricks and started talking. This man is marty cooper, the inventor of mobile phone. At that time, he was an engineer at Motorola. This was the first mobile phone in the world at that time.
1975, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) of the United States determined the spectrum of land mobile phone communication and large-capacity cellular mobile phone. It is ready for the commercial application of mobile phones.
From 65438 to 0979, Japan opened the world's first cellular mobile phone network.
1982, GSM (mobile communication task force) was established in Europe.
1985, the first commercial mobile phone was born. It puts the power supply and antenna in an example and weighs 3 kilograms.
The modern mobile phone was born in 1987. Its weight is still about 750 grams, which is like a big brick compared with today's mobile phone with only 60 grams.
Since then, the "slimming" of mobile phones has become more and more rapid. 199 1 year, and the weight of the mobile phone is about 250g. 1in the autumn of 996, a mobile phone with a volume of 100 cubic centimeter and a weight of 100 gram appeared. Since then, it has been further miniaturized and lightweight, and 1999 has been lighter than 60 grams.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) The characteristics and development history of Android mobile phone combined with network information, now I summarize it for you as follows:
Android Android is an open source operating system based on Linux. Its company was established in California in 2003. In 2005, it was acquired and funded by Google to establish open handset alliance. On June165438+1October 12, 2007, the Android Beta operating system SDK was officially released.
Android 1.0
Released on September 23rd, 2008, it is also the earliest version of Android system.
With the release of 1.0, the first Android phone equipped with Android 1.0 OS was born. Because 1.0 does not support touch input, G 1 is equipped with a physical keyboard.
Published on April 30, 2009. Since then, Android versions have been named after cakes and sorted alphabetically.
Android 1.6
Published on September 5, 2009/kloc-0. Android 1.6 supports CDMA network for the first time, which opens a door for CDMA operators such as Verizon and Sprint.
Android2.0
1 October 2009,11-about1year after G 1 appeared-Android 2.0 came. In any case, it is the second important milestone in the history of Android development (the first one is Android 1.5).
20 10 released on May 20th. It was not until the release of Android2.2 that Google seemed to seriously consider the enterprise-level features of Android.
2010 65438+released on February 7th. This version began to support NFC. However, for a long time, the function of NFC was limited to scanning NFC notes of scenic spots, so as to obtain more information such as URL and website address—actually, it was no different from QR code, but Google subsequently introduced Google e-wallet into the Sprint version of Nexus S—which was an important mobile payment measure. Now many companies are beginning to notice the prospect of NFC and mobile payment, and there is no doubt that Android2.3 is the pioneer in this respect.
2011released on February 2nd. Honeycomb is more like an attempt to branch the road in the development of Android system. It has nothing to do with smartphones and officially enters the tablet.
20111kloc-0/October 19 released in Hong Kong. Android4.0 is the most significant upgrade in the history of Android development.
Published on June 28th, 20 12. Android4. 1 is a brand-new tablet strategy attempt of Google after Hive.
The story about Android is to be continued. ...
6. History of Mobile Phone Development 1902 An American named Nathan Stubblefield made the first wireless phone Nathan Stubblefield in his country house in Murray, Kentucky. This wireless mobile phone is the earliest exploration and research on "mobile phone" technology.
1938, Bell Laboratories manufactured the world's first "mobile phone" for the US military.
1in April, 973, marty cooper, an engineer and technician of the famous American Motorola Company, invented the world's first civil mobile phone, and marty cooper has since been called "the father of modern mobile phones".
1G
The first generation mobile phone (1G) refers to analog mobile phones, which appeared in China, Hongkong, the United States and other film and television works in 1980s and 1990s. The first person to develop a mobile phone was Dr. Cooper from Motorola, USA. Due to the limitation of battery capacity and the development of analog modulation technology, such as huge antenna and integrated circuit, this mobile phone has a square appearance and can only be moved, but not portable. Many people call this kind of mobile phone "brick" or "Black King Kong".
There are many formats of this kind of mobile phone, such as NMT, AMPS, TACS, etc., but frequency division multiplexing can only be used for voice communication, with unstable reception effect, insufficient confidentiality and insufficient wireless bandwidth. This kind of mobile phone is similar to a simple radio duplex station. The call is locked on a certain frequency, and you can use FM radio to eavesdrop on the call.
2G
The second generation mobile phone (2G) is also the most common mobile phone. Usually, these mobile phones use very mature standards such as PHS, GSM or CDMA, with stable call quality and appropriate standby time. In the second generation, in order to meet the needs of data communication, some intermediate standards are also supported on mobile phones, such as GPRS supporting MMS service, WAP service for Internet service, and various Java programs.
third generation
3G, the abbreviation of English 3rdGeneration, refers to the third generation mobile communication technology. Compared with the first generation of analog mobile phones (1G) and the second generation of GSM, CDMA and other digital mobile phones (2G), the third generation of mobile phones generally refers to a new generation of mobile communication systems that combine wireless communication with multimedia communication such as the Internet. It can handle images, music, video streams and other media forms, and provide a variety of information services including web browsing, teleconference, e-commerce and so on. In order to provide this service, the wireless network must be able to support different data transmission speeds, that is, at least 2Mbps (megabits per second), 384kbps (kilobits per second) and 144kbps in indoor, outdoor and driving environments respectively.