Generally speaking, outdoor clothes wear three layers. They are usually called inner clothing, warm clothing and outer clothing.
You don't have to wear these three layers of clothes on all occasions, but these three layers of clothes can be combined with each other or used alone to cope with complex environments. Before each departure, you can freely match according to the weather conditions of the destination.
underwear
The main purpose of underwear is to keep the skin surface dry, not stuffy, and it has a certain warm-keeping effect, so its main function is to sweat the clothes. It should be able to quickly discharge moisture and sweat to the surface of underwear, so that sweat will not directly evaporate on the skin surface, and the temperature of the skin surface will decrease due to the heat absorbed by water vapor evaporation. Cotton underwear absorbs water strongly and does not dry easily. When wet, it becomes a heat conducting layer, which accelerates heat dissipation. Therefore, cotton underwear is not suitable for outdoor activities except in hot weather. It is best to choose a major.
Sweating underwear. Sweat-wicking underwear should not be loose, but should be close to the skin without being tight, so as not to affect warmth or freedom of movement. The materials often used to make Paihan underwear are CoolMax, Thermastat and so on. CoolMax is a kind of modified polyester fiber of DuPont, which has good perspiration and breathability, strong acid and alkali resistance and ultraviolet resistance. Its disadvantages are high proportion of CoolMax fabric, low bursting strength and easy pilling. CoolMax products are the best choice in places with high humidity or not too cold. Thermastat is also a kind of polyester fiber, and its hollow structure makes it better than CoolMax in warmth retention, so it is more suitable for wearing in low temperature environment.
Warm layer clothing
Warm layer clothes keep the body warm through the air wrapped inside. The thicker the accumulated air layer, the better the thermal insulation effect, so wearing a few light and loose clothes will keep you warm than a single piece, because the accumulated air insulation layer of the former is thicker. Down products are recognized as the best insulation layer, and they are easy to compress, light in weight and easy to carry. But its disadvantage is that it is easy to get wet and not easy to dry, and its warmth retention is greatly reduced after absorbing water. Based on these characteristics, down jacket is not suitable for outdoor sports (especially when walking with load) as a warm layer, but suitable for resting or walking in general. When buying down jackets, you should pay due attention to fabrics and styles, and the fabrics should be breathable to prevent tearing. The style should be easy to move. Although the style is too small, it looks good, but it has poor insulation when worn outside. You'd better wear a big cap. Wool products have poor wind resistance, are easy to absorb dust and are afraid of insect bites. When wet, they are not easy to dry and will become much heavier. However, its excellent warmth retention under dry conditions makes it valuable in outdoor activities. Wool products are the most popular man-made materials at present, and their performance basically exceeds that of wool products. It is a lightweight and excellent thermal insulation product, which can be widely used. Although its disadvantage is poor wind resistance, it still has heat preservation effect under slightly wet conditions, and it is very easy to dry, so it is very suitable for being used as the intermediate heat preservation layer for outdoor sports. With the appearance of the new WindStopper fleece, the disadvantage of poor windproof performance of fleece products has been greatly improved. WindStopper adds good windproof performance, is completely breathable, and can be worn as a coat in windy weather with low temperature.
Coat clothing
Coat clothing is the most important and classic part of outdoor sportswear. Both the inner and outer layers need this layer to make up for the deficiency, so the most important function of the outer layer is waterproof, windproof, warm and breathable, which can not only minimize the impact of bad weather on the body, but also discharge the water vapor generated by the body and avoid the condensation of water vapor (sweat) in the middle layer, which reduces the heat insulation effect and cannot resist the low temperature or cold wind of the external environment. In most cases, jackets are used as the outermost clothes. This kind of jacket was first used when climbing high-altitude snow-capped mountains. When the last charging distance is 2-3 hours before the peak, the down jacket will be taken off, and the big backpack will be removed, wearing only one coat. This is also the origin of its name. Later, due to its excellent performance, it became the standard for all outdoor sports. The ideal jacket is wind-proof, rain-proof, breathable, wear-resistant, tear-proof and easy to move. In order to prevent rain, jackets are generally equipped with hats, and waterproof and breathable fabrics are used (the so-called waterproof and breathable materials mean that the inner layer of the fabric is coated with a layer of adhesive, and there are many small holes with a diameter between water molecules and water vapor molecules, which can discharge water vapor, but rainwater cannot penetrate. The contradiction between waterproofness and breathability is well solved), and there is glue at every joint. In terms of breathability, waterproof and breathable fabrics are used, and breathable windows with zippers will be opened under the armpits, chest or back. For anti-tearing, anti-tearing fabrics are generally used (reinforced fibers on the materials look like hidden compartments). In terms of wear resistance, in addition to wear-resistant fabrics, elbows and shoulders have additional wear-resistant layers. Blue, purple, etc.). Gore-Tex is the most popular waterproof and breathable material at present. Gore-Tex material is Teflo (Teflo
N) Thin film, which was successfully developed by the U.S. W.L. Gore Company and the army in 1975, has many micropores, each with a diameter of only 0.2 micron, which is one twentieth of that of liquid water molecules, but 700 times that of steam water molecules, and can bear 65-80 pounds of water pressure per square inch. However, clothes made of gore-tex fabric are also more expensive, and the price of a real Gore-Tex coat is often thousands. Therefore, when you first get in touch with outdoor sports, you can also prepare two coats, a breathable windbreaker and an airtight raincoat. In this way, it is more economical to wear a windbreaker when the breeze is light and the rain is heavy, and it is more breathable and comfortable to wear a windbreaker when there is no rain. But the disadvantage of this is that it will be heavier, and putting two clothes will take up more space. And the airtight raincoat is very uncomfortable to wear. Because if it is only waterproof and airtight, it will still be very wet inside the clothes because of the exclusion of Korean and other reasons. When the weather is very cold, there will even be frost in the clothes. Therefore, if economic conditions permit, it is best to equip a waterproof and breathable coat. Pay attention to buy a loose coat, so that you can put a warm layer and an inner layer of clothes inside. After you have a waterproof and breathable coat, it is also very important to pay attention to maintenance, because many waterproof and breathable materials will gradually lose their waterproof and breathable properties after soaking for a period of time. The most important thing is not to wash it with the washing machine, otherwise the waterproof layer will be separated from the cloth base under the strong pressure of the washing machine, and the coat is often washed once after a long time, so you don't mind washing it by hand. The cloth bottom of the jacket that is easy to be stolen is made of chemical fiber, which can easily remove stains. Soak in neutral washing powder for about 20 minutes, and then wipe with a soft brush or sponge. After cleaning, hang it on a hanger to dry. This way is not complicated.
pants
Pants can be worn according to the three-layer dressing principle of clothes, that is, the inner layer is close-fitting pants with good anti-sweat function, the middle is fleece pants as warm pants, and the outer layer is preferably made of waterproof, breathable and wear-resistant impact pants or quick-drying and wear-resistant nylon pants (in general activities, a pair of loose and wear-resistant jeans can also meet the requirements, but it is not easy to dry after absorbing water, which may bring trouble to outdoor activities). The wear resistance of the outermost trousers is very important, and it is best to set wear-resistant layers on the knees and buttocks. Pants should be as comfortable as possible, and the tightness should not affect normal exercise. Because the legs sweat less than the trunk, the requirements for perspiration and breathability are not as strict as those of coats. The style of trousers is best to have a full zipper on the side, so that you can put it on and take it off at any time according to the weather change. Even in summer, try not to travel in shorts. At this time, two pairs of pants (with zippers at the knees and detachable calves) are a good choice.