I. Introduction
In the past ten years, besides theft, the largest number of property crimes was fraud. According to statistics, from 1982 to 1990, the number of criminals was I9 126. This shows that there are many fraud crimes, and the public must always be vigilant and take precautions. In fraud cases, criminals are good at taking advantage of people's greed, matching time and space factors with clever words, and then implementing fraud tricks. In order to make people understand all kinds of fraud cases, the characteristics of tactics and how to avoid being deceived, this book is specially written for reference and as a lesson for others, so as to reduce the occurrence of fraud cases.
Second, the types and methods of common fraud crimes
1. Scratch music and Mark Six fraud:
1. The fraud group printed a large number of scratch lottery tickets and sent them, and the recipients received huge bonuses. When the victim calls to inquire, the other party asks for the tax of 15% in advance, and then the gangster needs the member to get the lottery ticket, asking for the membership fee and the endorsement money that the company has signed the Mark Six Lottery. Cheat money again and again.
2. Fraudulent groups publish or distribute advertisements, claiming that an international group company can negotiate with the mainland authorities and exclusively lock and control the winning number of the Mark Six Lottery of the Hong Kong Lotteries Bureau. If there is any mistake, they are willing to pay10 million yuan as bait to defraud lottery players all over the world.
3. The fraud group put the memo pad in the carton of well-known goods, so that consumers mistakenly think it is a manufacturer's reward activity, and remit the tax to the designated account after the phone number on the memo pad is correct.
4. Fraud syndicates use newspapers to publish winners' lists, and print photos of Tung Chee-hwa, the Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, on leaflets as the leaders of the group to win the trust of the people.
Second, credit card fraud:
1. The gangsters tried to learn the internal password of the consumer's credit card first, then forged and altered the credit card according to the password, and then colluded with the merchants to spend heavily.
2. Criminals use fake or lost ID cards to apply for credit cards from banks and steal them.
Before the original applicant received the credit card from the bank, the gangster intercepted it and swiped it.
4. Criminals use blank credit cards, punch the cardholder's identity information, card number and date of issuance with embossing machine, coding machine and bronzing machine, copy genuine credit cards, then collude with manufacturers to swipe their cards, and then claim compensation from banks, and share the benefits.
5. The victim used the credit card to shop on the computer network, which caused the credit card number to be intercepted by network hackers and then stolen by fraudulent use.
Third, mobile phone SMS fraud:
Criminals use computers to send short messages of "getting on the bus" and "winning the first prize", so that the recipients of short messages mistakenly think that they have won the prize. Fraudulent groups ask people to provide taxes first to keep the winning gifts, so as to cheat people's money or leave a set of value-added pay phone numbers in short messages, such as 094 1, 095 1, 0204, 0209, and ask you to call him back.
Four, financial card remittance fraud:
Gangsters sell best-selling goods at ultra-low prices in the general media, online or by distributing leaflets. When people call to ask, they immediately stop transferring money through financial cards at the right time, and then use ordinary people's ignorance of transfer procedures to design a set of complex operating instructions. After operating according to the instructions, the successful amount is often dozens of times the original cost, thus achieving the purpose of defrauding ordinary people's deposits.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) online shopping fraud:
Bad immigrants post very cheap goods online to induce households to remit money, and then make up for it with inferior products. After the transaction is completed, it is inevitable to meet.
Six, online bank transfer fraud:
Gangsters advertise in newspapers or distribute leaflets, claiming that they can help people get loans, join and buy cars. And asked the defendant to open an account in his designated bank, deposit a considerable amount of royalties or deposits, and set up a telephone voice protocol transfer account "online banking service and voice inquiry account balance". Then the gangster asked the defendant to provide the password, identity certificate, address and other related information for confirmation, and then transferred the victim's deposit by using the telephone voice transfer function "Internet electronic transaction".
Seven, ATM fraud:
Gangsters take advantage of people's desire for convenience, put fake ATMs or keyboards on ATMs next to amusement parks or temporary markets, and send out passwords recorded on the side when people put in credit cards or financial cards or buttons, thus stealing deposits.
Eight, false professional titles, license documents fraud:
Criminals use complex means to forge or tamper with identity cards or certificates, such as licenses, titles and documents issued by government agencies, in order to commit various fraudulent acts. For example, apply for a passport with someone else's forged or altered identity card, or apply for a certificate of territorial ownership with fake documents.
Nine, Guangjin Party fraud case:
In groups of two or three, they lied to the victim that one of them was a fool with huge sums of money or gold ornaments, which aroused the victim's greed. They take advantage of the weakness of human nature by means of "dressing up as a pig to eat a tiger" and "switching bags" to cheat money with counterfeit banknotes or gold ornaments.
Ten, fake ingots, gold ornaments fraud:
One or two people in ordinary clothes pretended to the victim that they had just excavated gold ornaments such as ingots, gold bars or rings, and they were willing to sell them at a low price because they needed money badly, which led to the victim being greedy and cheated.
Xi. Bill Fraud (Guava Ticket Fraud)
1. Open a checking account in a bank, and use blank checks to defraud money, borrow money or pay off debts.
2. Open an account in the name of another person to collect checks, or open an account in the name of another person to collect checks and sell them to others to write bad checks for fraud.
Twelve, false line number fraud:
1. Make new advertisements with fictitious line numbers, recruit staff extensively, and use employment as bait to defraud employment deposits.
2. The crime of swindling and selling uniform invoices with false bank numbers to help others evade taxes.
Forge the company's line number, buy goods or borrow money with bad checks, and achieve the purpose of cheating money.
4. Pretending that the business is profitable, taking advantage of people's psychological weakness of profiteering on the grounds of insufficient funds, luring shares and sucking money everywhere.
Thirteen. Profit-oriented investment fraud;
Taking the profiteering industry that invests in major land development or patent cases as bait, it will give investors some benefits at first, and declare bankruptcy and abscond when it reaches a certain saturation point, resulting in financial losses for investors.
14. Vicious bankruptcy fraud:
People mistakenly believe that their company's business and financial situation are good, so they buy a lot of goods or borrow money from abroad, then divide the property into several parts, declare bankruptcy, and then convert it into repayment at a very low amount, asking the victim to give up the remaining creditor's rights. This is commonly known as "bankruptcy fraud".
15. Credit cooperatives cheat money (but cheat):
The common mode is to raise a club and be the head of the club, secretly apply for the club's money in the name of a member, and then abscond with the money.
Sixteen, real estate sales fraud:
1. One room for sale: the property that has been sold but has not been registered for ownership transfer is sold again.
2. The seller transfers the property to the buyer, mortgages the property again, lends it to the mortgagee, or sells the mortgaged property at an unsecured price without handling the transfer registration.
3. Advertise with fictitious facts, lure investment or pre-sell houses, so as to defraud the down payment.
Seventeen, the flow of counterfeit goods fraud:
Gangsters use crowded places to decorate magnificent high-grade ornaments or supplies, and big signs indicate that they are for sale in a large pawnshop, and their actual value is often less than one tenth of the selling price.
Eighteen, investigation of fraud:
In an unspecified place, meeting place, briefing or large gathering or roadside, criminals entice others to fill in personal data including ID cards in the name of investigation, and then use these data to defraud credit cards or other valuable securities.
Nineteen. Insurance fraud
1. If a patient obtains a false health certificate by illegal means such as bribery and signs life insurance, he will die immediately and the beneficiary will receive insurance money.
2. Deliberately destroying or falsely reporting that the insured houses, automobiles and other products have been stolen, thus causing losses to the subject matter insured and defrauding the insurance money.
3. Sign and purchase insurance contracts for relatives, others or yourself, and then murder relatives, others or find someone to die for them to defraud insurance money.
Twenty, defrauding the purchase price fraud:
Pretend to buy, use the profit-seeking psychology and business trust psychology of merchants, and escape after getting the goods.
2 1, witchcraft or religious fraud:
Use the superstitious psychology of others to intimidate the victims with the theory of ghosts and gods, and then pretend that they can do things for others, eliminate disasters, transport, pray, etc. For the purpose of providing fortune-telling and divination services, and for the purpose of "cheating money and cheating color"; Or in the name of building temples and monasteries. , and believers to raise money to cheat money.
22, serious illness medical fraud:
Similar to the fraud mode of Guangjin Party, there are three to five people as a group, and one of them calls a seriously ill or chronically ill person or his family to call a famous doctor, and there are precious famous medicines and remedies that can cure their diseases. Taking advantage of the victim's depression and despair, he took risks and defrauded huge medical expenses.
23. False identity fraud:
If the fake prosecutor receives a red envelope; Fraudulent use of police or criminal police identity or handling cases to collect money; Fraudulent use of the name of a non-profit organization to defraud donations; Fake social workers defraud passbooks and seals in the name of issuing pensions, and then steal deposits; Pretending to be a talent scout, cheating money and cheating on a girl who wants to develop into the entertainment industry, and so on.
Twenty-four, labor fraud:
Under the guise of handling affairs or providing specific services for others, you need to pay in advance or cheat others' finances because of your work, such as "judicial scalper".
25. Intermediary fraud:
Take advantage of the opportunity of signing contracts between the two media to defraud other people's property. Pretending to introduce a job or introduce a bride from other places or the mainland to defraud the introduction fee, deposit or agency fee.
26. Work trap fraud:
Advertisements use high salary, easy work, "princess", "male publicist" or "movie star" as bait to defraud candidates of deposit, deposit, installation fee or training fee or car volume (not deposit).
27. Illegal pyramid scheme fraud:
Unscrupulous workers mainly rely on performance bonus and dividend system, in fact, they cheat job seekers of money and labor by means of "mouse club" pyramid selling goods.
28. Marriage and dating fraud:
Lie that you are unmarried or divorced, take advantage of others' eagerness to make friends to find a marriage partner or mistress, take marriage and making friends as bait, cheat each other's property, and delay or leave under the pretext.
Twenty-nine, false injury first aid fraud:
Lie to the victim that his relatives, friends or classmates are in urgent need of money because of a car accident or other major changes. The victim was flustered and couldn't wait to think and verify, so he hastily asked the gangster to find him to cheat money.
Thirty, fraud group fraud:
From three to five people who are good at gambling, assuming gambling, they use superb gambling skills and the latest scientific instruments to defraud people of money.
Thirty-one, counterfeiting fraud:
Selling goods with no real value, defrauding property, such as selling fake drugs and forging bad wine for profit.
Thirty-two, posing as an agent loan fraud:
Advertise in the newspaper, pretending that you can get a loan for people who need money badly, so as to defraud the victim of the lawyer's fee and deposit.
Thirty-three, false injury, poverty and fraud:
Pretend to be injured and lie about poverty and hardship, so as to gain people's sympathy and defraud the fare, medicine and living expenses.
Thirty-four, overcharged towing fee fraud:
The victim's vehicle broke down on the expressway (especially on the expressway), and the trailer operator asked the defendant for obviously high fees after the vehicle was towed away or repaired.
Thirty-five, measurement fraud:
When selling goods or providing services, merchants will tamper with the scales at a fixed distance, such as selling short weight of fruits and vegetables and speeding up taxis. Make more money.
Thirty-six, advertising false fraud:
Pretending to be a BMW, Mercedes-Benz high-end middle-aged car, expensive pictures or expensive gold ornaments and stereos are out of stock, collecting a deposit from the victim and giving him a check with the same amount, and defrauding the victim's identity documents and seals for other reasons, that is, missing and committing fraud.
Thirty-seven, false fund-raising fraud:
Distribute disaster relief leaflets in the name of an alumni association or a well-known enterprise, public welfare organization or public opinion representative, and use the people's mentality of doing good to send money to a designated account for more or less fraud.
Thirty-eight, false job application accounting fraud:
Apply for accounting by fraudulently using ID card, defrauding company passbook, seal, ATM card, company seal, etc. And steal it from the bank.
39. Agent posing as a "dollar limit" credit card fraud:
The illegal group used the name of a foreign branch of a bank to advertise in the media, pretending to be the representative of a foreign branch of a bank in Taiwan Province, and could apply for a credit card with a high "dollar limit" of the bank to defraud the people.
Forty, illegal speculation in foreign exchange futures fraud:
In the name of an investment company, an investment seminar will be held to attract young students and social fresh people who pursue high salaries and like investment and financial management. With the lucrative foreign exchange margin trading as bait, unsuspecting customers will be encouraged to join forex futures trading for offshore trading. Gambling illegal foreign exchange and futures between customers and investment companies, and cheating customers by taking advantage of the changes in the uncontrolled foreign exchange and futures markets, so that customers lose all their money.
Forty-one, fake foreign universities in Taiwan Province to start classes or study abroad fraud:
Advertise in the name of a foreign university that has not been officially recognized by the Ministry of Education, or act as an agent to study in Taiwan Province, award degrees, and defraud tuition fees.
Forty-two, fortune telling to see feng shui become true fraud:
Taking advantage of the superstitious psychology of the people, defrauding high fees in the name of fate, seeing Feng Shui, eliminating disasters and solving problems, and changing transportation to build graves.
Forty-three, fake affair credit fraud:
Illegal credit reporting agencies take advantage of the urgent need of the parties to collect evidence of Mr. or Mrs.' s affair, take selfies by themselves, edit videos of searching for evidence, and charge the victims.
Forty-four, slimming beauty salon fraud:
The Deception Tetralogy of Fitness and Beauty Center —— Seduction, Promotion, Dodge and Intimidation —— Fake success case (guest appearance by one of us). In order to break through the consumer's defense line, the slimming center often makes a quick decision and breaks it one by one, so that the guests in the same industry mistakenly think that their peers have signed a contract, so they also signed a contract. At the same time, the courses promoted by the industry sound cheap and beautiful, but the industry often deliberately criticizes customers' bodies to pieces, forcing customers to spend a lot of money to buy more courses.
Forty-five, forged credit card fraud:
Illegal groups steal card numbers abroad and return to China to steal credit cards. Criminals use side recorders to steal the card numbers of stores in Southeast Asian countries, and then forge gold cards to spend credit cards in Taiwan Province Province.
Forty-six, to attract tourism fraud:
The gangsters pretended to be travel agencies or cruise companies to distribute advertisements to attract tourists, claiming to lure people at the most favorable price, defrauding ID cards, handling fees and other funds on the grounds of handling passports, and then disappeared.
Forty-seven, online fraud-credit card fraud:
Use the program that credit card companies publish on the Internet to detect fake cards, input a set of correct credit card numbers, and the program cards generate thousands to tens of thousands of credit card numbers, and criminals then use the generated card numbers to illegally shop and spend on the Internet.
Forty-eight, fake bank network fraud:
Copy the web page of online banking website, and provide many functions such as "current savings deposit", "total principal and interest of time deposit", "total interest of time deposit" and "total principal and interest of lump sum deposit and lump sum withdrawal" in the name of the bank, so that users can log in to fake online banking by mistake, reveal important data such as bank account number and password, and then steal them.
49. Online dating fraud:
Female students know many male netizens in online chat rooms, posing as graduate students of a well-known university, taking part-time advertisements after school and sending photos of TV advertising models to each other. Finally, they used the excuse that they might as well go and borrow money from male netizens after they got the money.
Fifty, online gold party fraud:
On the internet, criminals posted a mailing list business letter in the news discussion group, entitled "Everyone makes money, which is true, not a lie". The letter listed the names and addresses of five people, instructed netizens to send 100 yuan to each of the five people on the list, then removed the name of the first person from the list, and all the people below the second moved forward, and finally put the name in the fifth place, and so on. The letter also told netizens that if you change your name to the first place, you will get about 70 million.
5 1. False line number fraud:
A fictional high-tech company on the Internet sells high-tech new products at low prices and displays MP3 players and other products on its website. Once the company and website receive money from netizens to buy products, the company will go to Loukong website and close the station.
Fifty-two, counterfeiting fraud:
Criminals often mail and sell cheap second-hand goods, such as computers, programming equipment and mobile phones. , or tonic, etc. Cash on delivery is usually adopted. The goods received by the victims are often defective or unusable goods or blank or damaged CDs.
Fifty-three, false license fraud:
In order to avoid the police's investigation on surfing the Internet or publishing newspapers, criminals buy or rent other people's relevant financial institution accounts or identity documents at high prices, and then apply for bank head accounts with these documents, engaging in illegal activities such as selling pirated CDs, swindling and threatening to take money.
54. False employment guarantee fraud.
Fraudulent gangs use the government's 20 billion yuan service to expand employment on the Internet as bait, asking people to pay 2,000 yuan to join the membership to ensure that they are admitted and get employment opportunities. The content of the electronic advertisement letter refers to 1 15000 job opportunities issued by the Vocational Training Council, and lists dozens to hundreds of contract positions such as county and city governments, Gaobei city councillors, provincial public schools, state-owned enterprises with excellent performance, county and city banks, and agricultural and fishery associations, indicating that admission is guaranteed as long as they pay 2000 yuan to join the club.
55. Family contract fraud
This kind of fraud was once very popular in the market. Fraudulent groups pretend to be able to use OEM products such as beads, crystals, plastic flowers, perfumes, postal stickers, etc. to facilitate OEM at home, increase family income as bait, and induce victims to defraud equipment fees, deposits, and loss reporting fees and then escape.
56. Pornographic advertising fraud
Fraudulent groups attract victims with small advertisements for pornographic transactions in the media. They first asked the victim to remit the whoring expenses to the designated account, and then invited the victim to the designated hotel to "check in" and other ladies. In the end, of course, the victim was cheated.
Fifty-seven, fake skin care is really fake.
This is a scam under the guise of "pornography", that is, a young girl with good figure and appearance gives the victim a full-body massage. Now the store staff lures the victim to say that "as long as you pay to join the store, you can enjoy a full set of sexual services with the shop girl", but the victim did not enjoy the promised sexual services after paying, and the loss was about NT$ 50,000 to/kloc-0.0 million yuan.
58. Refund fraud
The fraud group pretends to be the name of the State Taxation Bureau, the Labor Insurance Bureau, Chunghwa Telecom, etc. Send a text message or call the victim, pretend to refund the victim a sum of tax, labor insurance fee or telephone fee, and ask the victim to go through the formalities of "tax refund (fee refund)" through ATM transfer. After the fraud group defrauded the victim of the "password" entered as instructed, it transferred the deposit in the victim's account to the fictitious head account of the fraud group.
Fifty-nine, SARS epidemic prevention subsidy fraud case
This is a new fraud method in response to the Sarah epidemic. The fraud gang pretended to be the staff of the health bureau (institute) affiliated to the municipal, county (city) government, called the victims who were isolated at home, pretended that they could get a subsidy of 5,000 yuan from the government, and asked the victims to provide their own account numbers and use the "cash machine" to transfer money, thus taking the opportunity to transfer the deposits in the victims' accounts to the fictitious head account of the fraud gang.
Sixty, the winning number fraud.
Gangsters advertise or send text messages on mobile phones, pretending to have special channels to obtain winning numbers such as Hong Kong Mark Six Lottery or Lotto, and asking lottery players to send money to buy "winning numbers" for fraud.
6 1. Making use of people's fears to commit psychological fraud
In the name of the bank, the gangster claimed that the public information had been leaked and asked the public to change the password at the ATM according to the instructions. The frightened people believed it and ran to the ATM according to the gangster's instructions. Unexpectedly, all the money in the account was gone.
Ways to participate in and prevent fraud:
1. Let's explore that in all fraud cases, most of the victims are greedy for small things and lose big things, especially in the recent popular Mark Six scratch-off fraud case, and there are many cases (greedy for small things and lose big things). The first priority to prevent fraud is: "Don't be greedy for big things." Greed is the main reason for being cheated.
2. Usually, the unit that holds scratch-off prizes must have a legal company as a credit guarantee, and ask the government finance and taxation department to be a witness. The public should call the guarantee company or relevant witness institutions first, and the telephone number should be 104, 105 instead of the number on the leaflet.
Third, online shopping should pay attention to whether online goods are equivalent to the general market price. If the gap is too big, there will be more risks. You should choose a reputable auction website or shopping website to understand the credit and reputation of the owner who wants to trade. It is best to deal in person and pay on delivery. Never remit money before confirming the goods.
4. When withdrawing money, please withdraw money from familiar ATMs, or try to withdraw money from ATMs of banks, post offices and other financial institutions, to avoid withdrawing money from unknown ATMs or temporary ATMs, and to prevent the barcode of financial cards from being stolen due to copying cards.
5. If you find that the ATM is out of order or there is a problem with payment, you should check with the bank where the ATM is opened to prevent criminals from taking advantage of it.
Six, just like the company holds a scratch-off prize-winning activity, you have to pay taxes before you can get the bonus. In order to avoid being deceived, you can visit in person to determine the truth.
Seven, personal identity card, health insurance, credit card and insurance, driver's license and other documents should be properly kept, do not give it to others easily. If it is found to be lost or damaged, it should immediately report to the relevant departments and apply for a replacement, and take inspection and protection measures to prevent illegal use and damage to rights and interests.
Eight, the Guangjin Party has been deceiving the elderly with low education level and rural areas for many years. Always remind them of gangsters' deception methods and don't chat with strangers. The passbook and seal shall be kept separately or given to family members for safekeeping. In addition, when customers (especially the elderly) receive huge sums of money abnormally, they should take the initiative to inquire or inform the police to be present to find out the truth.
Nine, important documents, photocopies, post office or bank account passbook (including unused passbook), blank checks and other information, to avoid loss or outflow. For documents that need to be identified by signature (seal), it is best to use signature instead of seal, which can better prevent the damage of rights and interests caused by forgery or misappropriation of seal.
Pay attention to the changes in the amount in your post office, bank or credit card account and keep in touch with the post office and bank at any time.
XI。 When receiving a cheque drawn by others, we should first consider the time of opening an account (ticket). The date of opening an account, current situation and deposit base can be inquired from the bank. The account opening time is too short, so pay special attention when the amount is huge.
Twelve, to participate in civil mutual aid associations, we should pay attention to the credit situation of the chairman and other members. For the payment of the chairman or members, the payee should be required to issue a signed receipt as far as possible to show solemnity and responsibility, and always pay attention to the bid opening of each meeting to truly understand whether the mutual aid association is operating normally.
13. Find a trustworthy, reliable, experienced and familiar agent when buying a house. For the subject matter of the transaction, we should also collect land information first, understand the mortgage situation and loan situation, and you can inquire about the original owner or use the computer to inquire about the case online. If the situation is in doubt, you should stop signing.
14. When receiving the news that relatives and friends are injured and rescued, you should keep calm first, then call to confirm the hospital and beds, and ask the relevant relatives and friends to clarify the truth to avoid being deceived.
15. As the saying goes, "ten bets and nine losses" and "gambling is bottomless", you will inevitably suffer heavy losses when you meet a liar. Quitting gambling is the best policy to avoid being cheated.
Sixteen, when performing official duties, in addition to identifying the clothing and accessories of the relevant executives, they should also be required to show their identity documents.
Seventeen, for precious gold ornaments and other items that are easy to realize, you can easily buy them cheaply. Can you not suspect fraud? Eliminating greed is the only way to avoid being cheated.
Eighteen, disease medical treatment is basically a rigorous scientific behavior, sick medical treatment, the right medicine. It is a very risky thing to blindly go to see a doctor or trust others' introduction, but take folk remedies or drugs that have not been clinically tested, and it is easy to take the opportunity to cheat money.
Nineteen, Chinese people pay too much attention to the curative effect of food supplements, like to buy or take medicines indiscriminately, and some incorrect concepts and habits, plus listening to exaggerated advertisements for goods and medicines by mistake, are the main reasons why unscrupulous businessmen cheat money.
20. Because of superstitious religious beliefs, people rely too much on "gods", which leads criminals to take advantage of it and cheat by religion or witchcraft. China people should be aware of it and take precautions.