There are many reasons for the increasingly serious environmental problems in Dongting Lake area, among which the destruction of wetlands is an important reason.

On the surface, the rare rodent infestation in Dongting Lake area is caused by human killing voles' natural enemies, such as owls and wild snakes. However, the fundamental reason lies in the destruction of wetland environment.

Due to the destruction of Dongting Lake wetland environment, the water area has been sharply reduced, thus forming an environment conducive to the life of voles, leading to a large number of voles. When the rainy season comes, the flood discharge in the upper reaches leads to the rise of the water level in Dongting Lake, which inundates the originally exposed land, and voles are forced to flee everywhere, endangering the places where they pass, resulting in rodent infestation.

At the same time, human beings kill some animals artificially, which also aggravates the destruction of ecological balance. The destruction of wetlands seriously threatens biodiversity, and the destruction of biodiversity will certainly threaten the living environment of human beings.

Since the late 1940s, the water surface of Dongting Lake has shrunk by 40% and the water storage capacity has decreased by 34%. In recent years, the regulation and storage function of lakes has declined, and flood disasters have intensified. Because many of these wetlands are located in important industrial and agricultural production areas, the population in the wetlands is dense, which has caused great pressure on the wetland environment. Due to industrial and agricultural production and human consumption, the water environment of these wetlands is facing serious pollution, occupation and destruction, resulting in the depletion of wetland water resources and the degradation of wetland environment.

It is urgent to strengthen the ecological environment protection of Dongting Lake wetland.

Wetland protection, the most important thing is to protect the wetland water environment.

The water environment of wetland refers to the water quality and quantity of wetland. The purpose of wetland protection is to make the wetland stable for a long time, maximize its economic, environmental and social benefits, and realize the sustainable development of wetland ecology. Judging from the name of the International Convention on Wetlands, its original intention is to protect the biodiversity of the earth represented by waterfowl. Without sufficient water source and suitable water environment, wetlands will degenerate and shrink, and waterfowl and other creatures living in them will lose their survival foundation.

West Dongting Lake National Urban Wetland Park In recent years, wetlands international has placed the protection of wetland water environment in an important position in international wetland protection activities. The theme of World Wetlands Day in 2003 is even called "No Wetlands, No Water", which shows the importance and urgency of wetland water environmental protection. The most important condition for the existence of wetlands is that there must be enough water. At present, it has become people's consciousness to strengthen the protection and management of wetlands. It is necessary to effectively manage the wetland water environment to ensure the rational utilization of wetland water resources and lay the foundation for the healthy and sustainable development of wetlands.

First of all, we should protect wetlands through legislation.

Wetland protection needs effective laws. The common practice in the world is to set up a comprehensive management Committee for the whole basin and the whole lake to coordinate management in a unified way. The same is true of Dongting Lake wetland protection, which is bound by law and gradually rationalizes government management.

Since the beginning of the new century, China's wetland protection has been further strengthened, and the state has formulated a series of wetland protection policies. In 2000, 17 national departments * * * jointly formulated the China Wetland Protection Action Plan; In 2003, the State Council agreed in principle to the National Wetland Protection Project Plan; In 2004, the General Office of the State Council issued the Notice on Strengthening Wetland Protection and Management; In 2005, the State Council approved the National Wetland Protection Project Implementation Plan, which indicates that China is gradually and comprehensively promoting wetland protection. Under the impetus of the state, some local governments have also formulated local wetland protection regulations, which have promoted wetland protection in various places.

In view of the special importance of Dongting Lake wetland protection, it is suggested that the protection and management of Dongting Lake wetland should be legislated separately to consolidate and maintain the achievements of Dongting Lake wetland protection, restoration and management.

Secondly, establish a unified management organization to further improve the management system of wetland water environment protection. Dongting Lake is divided into three areas: east, south and west, and also governs Yueyang, Yiyang and Changde. Because the responsibilities, powers and obligations of various departments in wetland protection, development, utilization and management are not clear, in practice, each department has its own way, and there are many contradictions among them, which affects the scientific protection and rational utilization of wetlands.

The separation of authority not only caused the "vassal regime" of Dongting Lake, but also attracted more and more stakeholders to rob Dongting Lake resources. The crisis in the lake area shows that it is imperative to establish a unified and coordinated management organization. In addition, it is suggested that wetland protection should be added to the performance evaluation of local leaders around Dongting Lake.

Third, vigorously encourage social participation.

Wetland protection needs not only the management and policy guidance of relevant government departments, but also the extensive participation of scientific research, education and various social groups. In terms of wetland water environment protection in China, we should give full play to the role of social organizations, and at the same time make full use of newspapers, radio, television and other media to publicize and educate ordinary citizens, so that every citizen can understand the importance of wetlands, thus enhancing the public's awareness of wetland protection. Relevant government departments, social organizations and ordinary citizens should unite and cooperate, establish a wetland protection mechanism that is conducive to mobilizing the enthusiasm of all parties, form a benign relationship of government leadership, social participation, mutual support and close cooperation, and realize the objectives and tasks of wetland protection through the joint efforts of the government and society.

For a long time, while developing the economy, people have despised nature, believed that man can conquer nature, calculated the environmental cost to zero, and even "properly" destroyed nature for development. Nowadays, large and small "destruction" has caused various ecological disasters in different regions and at different times.

The history of human civilization tells us that the natural geographical environment will determine the rise and fall of human civilization. The relationship between ecological evolution and human civilization is: "Those who follow ecological laws prosper, those who violate ecological laws die!" This is a law of the development of human civilization at all times and in all countries. The fundamental reason why ancient civilizations such as ancient Egypt, ancient Babylon, and Maya civilization in Central America lost their former glory or disappeared in the historical process is the destruction of the ecosystem, which is the basis for human survival.

Ecological civilization is the foundation of all civilizations. Once Dongting Lake, Li Taibai's "Dongting drinks moonlight, Bai Yunbian buys wine on board" and "Baling unlimited wine, drunk Dongting autumn"; Turning around Bai Juyi's "worrying about the beach at night, the wind turns over the dark waves and hits the boat"; Recite Jiang Baishi's "Eight hundred Li in Dongting Lake, Jade Plate with Mercury". We admire the majestic momentum, the broad mind, and the anxiety of singing Long song without tears.

Finally, once again, it is urgent to protect the ecological environment and maintain the ecological balance of Dongting Lake!

Appendix: According to legend, Dongting Lake was an endless 800-mile plain in ancient times. On the plain, there lived a rich family with a Qing surname, rich in family wealth, fertile land and thousands of hectares, nine into the mansion, three stories high and incomparable in style. The old couple have a pair of children. The Qing family of four are misers who love money like life, and the rich woman is even more vicious. Because the Qing family was extremely vicious and notorious, villagers near and far hated it. Although the Qing family was extremely rich, the old couple had an obsession. That is, their son has ascended the crown, and their daughter is 28 years old and not married.

One autumn, the sky was crisp and the willows hung with gold. One day, I suddenly saw clouds in the sky, and a white-haired old man and a girl as beautiful as flowers and jade slowly came to the front of the green yard. When the girl saw the corn of the Qing family on the first floor of Huang Cancan and plates of fresh and white coix seed, she said to the old man with a big smile, "Grandpa, this family is really rich! Pearl agate is dried in barrels. I don't know how much money, food, rice! " The old man nodded and smiled. The girl added, "Grandpa, I'll settle here!" " "Well, just stay here!"

It turns out that this old one is Princess Taibai Venus, the Dragon King of the East China Sea! When Yincui gorge visited the Jade Emperor in heaven, she accidentally broke a Ling Bing bowl. The jade emperor was furious and ordered Taibai Venus to lead her to the mortal world to suffer.

Yincui gorge and Taibai Venus became refugees and entered your yard.

When the rich man saw a white-haired father-in-law and a beautiful girl come in, he quickly asked, "What is this elder doing here? May I know your name? Where do you live? "

Taibai Venus came forward and replied, "The old man's surname is Bai, and he is from the East China Sea. His son and daughter-in-law died at an early age, and this granddaughter was the only one under his knee. Her name is Sangu and she is sixteen years old. She has read poems and books, and she is also reasonable in housework. I heard that your son is very clever, but for some reason he didn't get married. Today, I specially brought my granddaughter to get married. What do you think? "

Hearing this, the rich man felt as if he had eaten honey, so sweet that he called the waiter to serve tea. I ran to the back room to discuss with the old woman.

The rich woman came to the living room and saw Yincui gorge, but she was moved. Say to Taibai Venus, "All right, Grandpa! Since I respect your family, today is an auspicious day, let them get married! "

That night, the Qing family decorated with lanterns, drums blared and firecrackers rumbled. Yincui gorge and QingGu childe worship heaven and earth, into the bridal chamber. Taibai Venus held a wedding banquet, and when she saw that Yincui gorge had got married, she quietly returned the gift.

According to local custom, the bride will cook and serve her in-laws and husband in three days. In the early morning of the fourth day, Yincui gorge got up early to cook. When she came to the kitchen, she saw that it was dark inside, so she lit the oil lamp and prepared to blow the fire. But there is no firewood in the stove, no water in the water tank, no oil and salt in the oil and salt tank, and only a little yellow and moldy rice in the rice barrel. Yincui gorge couldn't help being surprised: your family is so rich, how can this happen in the kitchen? Maybe the Qing family deliberately gave themselves a problem. She has to pick some bright green vegetables in the garden, catch some fat fish and shrimp in the river and buy some meat, oil and salt dry wood from the market town. Soon, plates of steaming and delicious dishes were fried. After frying, she tasted it first. Why is it bitter? She can't understand. People in the hall are waiting to serve! In desperation, Yincui gorge suddenly sneezed, and her nose and spit splashed on several plates.

After dinner, Yincui gorge set a table full of dishes. The whole family sat down to drink and eat vegetables. They are very happy. They all praised yincui gorge's cooking, and everyone liked it. Only my little sister-in-law sat at the dinner table, not eating, not saying a word, with a sad face. Her mother picked up a big piece of meat for her, but she reached out and patted it. With a bang, the piece of meat hit her mother right in the face. The rich woman swore angrily: "you little bitch, she loves you because of your mother's kindness and gives you good food, but you don't know how to be good or bad, hum!" See how I tidy up you! "

"Mom, I'm sorry!" Sister-in-law dew mouth, and coquetry. She whispered a few words in her mother's ear. It turns out that my sister-in-law got up early in the morning to peek at the new sister-in-law cooking. She quietly put coptis chinensis into a plate and fried it. Later, I saw Yincui gorge sneezing at the dish basin. Hearing this, the rich woman's face trembled with anger, and her eyes widened. When the table was pushed, there was a "scratching" sound, and plates and cups were beaten all over the room.

Yincui gorge was so scared that she quickly squatted down to clean up the dishes. The rich woman picked up a big bamboo board and hit Yincui gorge head-on, cursing: "You damn bitch, get out!" " Yincui gorge looked at her husband while crying, hoping to show her kindness. Who knows that instead of stopping his mother, he picked up a whip and beat her. Yincui gorge was so angry that she burst into tears and ran straight out.

Autumn is coming, the cool wind is rustling and the cold rain is quiet. Third aunt was driving the sheep up the mountain, shaking the whip weakly, thinking of the father of the Dragon King in the East China Sea, and shouting in her heart, "Father, do you know how much my daughter has suffered here?" While driving the sheep, she sang the song of herding sheep:

Grazing sheep in the first month is the first month, Junshan you alone; The sheep bleated in front and the slaves whimpered behind.

Grazing sheep in February is the vernal equinox, with grass sprouting and tender sun sprouting; Sheep don't eat Dongshan grass, but they want to drive away slaves on the west slope.

Pasturing sheep in March is Qingming, and Shanghai Dragon Palace is closed; I am the dragon king's daughter. Why do you force me to be a mortal?

Put sheep in April and put sheep yarn in the morning and evening of April 8; 300 sheep are rushing day by day, and the linen yarn is 828 hours late.

Pasturing sheep in May is Duanyang, and mosquitoes and fleas are busy; Biting a slave gently is like stabbing the liver and intestines with a sharp knife.

In June, the sheep were hot, and the sun in the sky killed people; Sheep have nowhere to hide from the sun, and I am flushed by the sun.

Grazing sheep in July, on July 7, the husband urged slaves to do well; Coarse achievements are too great, and fine achievements are too unclear.

Grazing sheep in August is the Mid-Autumn Festival, and my husband cried twice. Or a small call of the scale, the weight hit the slave's blood and went straight to the heart.

Grazing sheep in September, Double Ninth Festival, hateful. Instructing in-laws to beat slaves, covered in blood and scarred.

Pasturing sheep in October is already in beginning of winter, and there is a frost wind blowing in front of the door; My aunt is baking charcoal fire in the room, and I am chopping wood on the mountain.

1 1 month, the sheep are snowing all over the sky, and the husband covers the quilt with a blanket; After building several floors, I cried cold, I felt uncomfortable and slept in the snow.

Grazing sheep for another year in December, washing hands and burning incense to inform the sky; Kneel in the dust and wish my family another year.

The more she thought about it, the more sad she became. When she came to the back hill, a dressed scholar met her by chance. This man has fine features and dignified manners. Seeing that the third princess was in tears, he asked, "Miss, what's the matter?" Yincui gorge replied, "I don't know your name. Where are you from and where are you going?"? If you go to the East China Sea, how about posting a letter for me? "

It turns out that this scholar is a fairy boy sent by Taibai Venus to visit his third aunt. Yincui gorge immediately told the scholar in detail the fact that her mother-in-law and sister-in-law abused her, and asked Fairy Boy to personally send a message to Lao Zi, the Dragon King, asking him to send someone to save her as soon as possible.

Fearing that there was no evidence, Yincui gorge tore off a skirt, bit her finger and wrote a bloody book to her father. The bloody book reads: "I am anxious to worship the Shanghai Dragon King and kneel down to write a bloody book to my father; My daughter said goodbye to the mortal world and suffered a lot to tell the truth. First, the in-laws are too cruel, and second, the sister-in-law is poisoning her conscience; Third, the husband's heart is more evil, and the cow's head and horse's face are slaves; Fourth, uncles and aunts are good, but it's a pity that red clouds open the sky; I wrote a letter from home here and gave it to "xianggong" for Haimen. I will worship my father again to save me, and my daughter is here to give good news. "

Yincui gorge stuffed the bloody book in the birthday shoes made for her father, entrusted Xianggong to take it with her, and told the scholar the way to the Dragon Palace. The scholar said goodbye to Yincui gorge and immediately flew east.

Farewell to the scholar, it's getting late, and it rained lightly all the way. Yincui gorge came back with the sheep. Tears and rain flowed from her face to her mouth, salty, and she couldn't help singing the song of herding sheep:

The first month of herding sheep is the Spring Festival, and the sheep turn around. When I see the sunset, I'm afraid to enter your house.

In February, the sheep bloomed, and my husband scolded for no reason. Everyone has a sister and a younger sister. How can you treat me like a slave?

There was a lot of sheep rain in March, the mud was deep and the road was slippery. Without hemp fiber and hat, the relentless rain got wet.

In April, sheep are busy in the fields, with short nights and long days. Sheep are happy to eat grass, but I'm hungry.

Dragon Boat Festival in May, Master Chang has a rest. I am not allowed to be idle during the big holidays, and my in-laws also say that I am taking risks.

In the dog days of June, the sun is pitifully rare. Dry mouth without tea, dry heart like frying.

Grazing sheep in July, beginning of autumn. I touched the door and went in to collect the sheep. My parents-in-law scolded me for coming home early, kicking and crying.

Grazing sheep in August is the autumnal equinox, so when to appeal and when to appeal. My uncle and aunt are kind-hearted and intercede in front of my in-laws.

Put the sheep in chrysanthemum yellow in September, but don't try paraquat burnt sheep. Sister-in-law scolded me for losing weight, where did I get such a lazy bitch!

In October and spring, I tend sheep. I don't want to suffer. Clothes are tattered, wind and frost are cold, and the whole body is purple with cold.

1 1 month, the sheep were snowing, but the lamb was separated and could not be collected. In-laws sleep in their dreams, but only I can't go back.

In December, amniotic fluid freezes and all kinds of sufferings are numerous. Please "xianggong" write a book and report to dad about saving the slaves.

Let's talk about the East China Sea Dragon King. Since yincui gorge violated the jade emperor and was punished by human suffering, she has always taken yincui gorge to heart. On this day, I only heard the news that the soldiers and crabs will come from afar with gifts and letters from Yincui gorge. The Dragon King was overjoyed and sent word to see him. The messenger met the Dragon King and presented a letter gift from Yincui gorge, describing her pain and suffering on earth. The sea dragon king took the birthday shoes from his daughter and put them on. He only felt that there were needles under the soles of his shoes. Opening the insole, I saw a bloody book "Yincui gorge" inside. I feel tears in my eyes. Yan Long was furious: "Which family is so vicious, how dare you torture my third princess and humiliate the widowed king!" " After that, he couldn't help shouting, "Soldiers and crabs are at your command! Give me a bloody wash! "

"Your Majesty, wait!" Suddenly, I heard someone remonstrate and someone dissuaded me. At first glance, the Dragon King was none other than the veteran General Turtle. The dragon king asked, "What do you think, old general?"

General turtle surrendered and replied, "yincui gorge is still in the Qing palace." If your majesty raises his arm, it may hurt the princess by mistake. In my opinion, it is better to ask your majesty to send a general to follow the people to check and find out the truth before discussing punishment measures. "

The dragon king thought it was reasonable, so he sent his royal brother Qinglong on the road with the messenger that day.

Since the old lady of Qing family forced Yincui gorge to go to Junshan to herd sheep, she sent her daughter to inquire. One day, my sister-in-law saw two men. One is a scholar who went to Junshan, and the other is dressed as a samurai and went to your home.

Sister-in-law ran home out of breath, describing what she had just seen. After hearing this, the old woman was furious: "This bitch dares to seduce a man, and she is desperate!" " The old lady ordered her family to inquire about it and see if it was the man recruited by her third aunt. At the same time, she told all the men and women in the family to set up checkpoints to prevent outsiders from entering. However, dozens of people searched Jin Jiu compound and 7749 big houses, but there was no sign of outsiders.

Green woman came to the kitchen to check, only to see the waves rippling in the big water tank, and there were two things like horns sticking out of the water. The old woman is very strange. She touched forward and saw a bull's-horn fork arch, and a big green dragon jumped out of the big water tank and bared its teeth. She was so frightened that she collapsed to the ground. As soon as the big green faucet is stretched out and the tail is wagged, a thick stream of water gushes out of the tank. Then, there was a loud noise, and the sky were to fall. ...

It turns out that the two corners in the water tank are the two corners of the Dragon King, the royal brother of the Dragon King in the East China Sea. When he discovered the sins of your family, he immediately punished those sinners. Then there was a loud noise. Except for Junshan, where his uncle and uncle's parents are located, and Chishan, where the common people are located, the whole Qingjia compound, together with the flat land, has fallen down and turned into a huge unfathomable lake. This is Dongting Lake today.

It is said that this day is the twelfth day of the second lunar month, the day when the Dragon King revenges Yincui gorge-the day when the Dragon looks up, and the day when Dongting Lake is formed. Therefore, since ancient times, the local people have designated February 12 as the anniversary of the formation of the Year of the Loong and Dongting Lake, and this custom has been inherited to this day.