Many creatures recorded in The Classic of Mountains and Seas, whether nationals of some strange countries or all kinds of strange animals on the mountains, are very strange, and now they are almost rare, so many times, these creatures recorded in The Classic of Mountains and Seas are considered to exist only in myths and legends, but not in real life. Recently, however, it has been discovered that there is an animal living in South America, which looks very much like the man-faced beast recorded in the ship. What kind of animal is this?

Recently, the photos of animals with faces that look like beasts in Shan Hai Jing have become popular on the Internet, because they really look like monsters. Many species of soft-haired monkeys in Central America and South America belong to Callithricidae, which have sharp claws instead of nails except big toes.

Raffles originated in South America, mainly distributed in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay and Peru, and recently found in Central America and Mexico. Rafters can also be kept as pets in some countries.

Most rafters are about 20 cm long. Their main characteristics are: hairy claws and wrists, no wisdom teeth, primitive brains and unstable body temperature. Judging from the above characteristics, marmosets are relatively primitive species compared with other monkeys.

Omnivores live in the crown of forests and feed on insects, fruits and leaves. Generally speaking, they live in groups. It seems that all parotid animals can be applied to Shan Hai Jing, but the names in Shan Hai Jing are too strange.

Further reading

The Classic of Mountains and Seas is an ancient book of China in the pre-Qin period (2 1 century BC-22 1 century BC). It mainly describes ancient myths, geography, products, witchcraft, religion, ancient history, medicine, folk customs, nationalities and so on.

Eighteen volumes of Shan Hai Jing, including five volumes of Shan Jing, eight volumes of Hai Jing, four volumes of Ye Jing and one volume of Hai Nei Jing, * * * is about 3 1000 words. It records more than 100 countries, 550 mountains, 300 waterways and the geography, customs and products of the country's mountains and rivers.

Among them, the records contained in Mountain Classic are mostly reconnaissance records of wizards, alchemists and temple officials in past dynasties, which have high reference value after long-term arrangement.

The most important value of The Classic of Mountains and Seas lies in its preservation of a large number of myths and legends, such as: day by day, jingwei's reclamation, nine-day war, the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon in the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon, Chang 'e who made up the sky, Yu's water control, and the workers' anger can't touch the surrounding mountains.

Shan Hai Jing also records many exotic birds and animals, just like a magical animal museum. Some of them are very distinctive, such as Ying Zhao with a human face and a horse body, Fang Bi with a human face and a bird body, and the snake with a human face and a jackal. Today, I will take stock of the 14-faced beast in the ancient book Shan Hai Jing.

1. Ying Zhao with human face. According to Shan Hai Jing ·Xi· Shan Jing, there is a river in the Huaihe River flowing out of the mountain, called Qiu Shi Water, and finally it is injected with yūu water. This mountain is rich in realgar, jade and gold and silver deposits. The southern slope of the mountain is a vermilion sandy land, while the northern slope is full of gold and silver. The vast area from Huaishan to the whole of Qiu Shi is actually the back garden of Emperor Tiandi.

Ying Zhao, the god beast, looks after the garden. Zhao Ying has a face, but it is a horse's body. It sounds like a pulley pumping water, its wings are like birds, and its feathers are striped like tigers. Its duty is to fly around and patrol the mountains and rivers.

Fang Bi has a bird face. To the east of the sea and to the west of the blue water, there is a big bird named Fang Bi. It's a face bird, born of wood essence, with one foot and two wings. Wherever there is fire, people are very afraid of it. In the war between the Yellow Emperor and Chiyou, Fang Bi was once relied on to break the immortal army composed of Chiyou and mediums and unify the whole country.

3. The flying of the face bird. Feifei also has a foot, which looks like an owl and a face bird. It hides in its nest in summer and appears in winter. Feifei has a special ability to resist lightning attacks without being hurt. Making its feathers into hemp fiber can avoid natural disasters and is a treasure that monks and immortals compete for.

4. A snake with a face. According to the Classic of Mountains and Seas (the Second Classic of Middle Ages), a snake is a kind of aquatic beast, with a face and a body, wings on its back, and crawling and swimming like a snake. Snakes sound like babies crying and women cursing. Contrary to Fang Bi, if you turn a snake into water, as long as he makes a strange call, there will be a flood here, with huge waves and fast-flowing water.

5. Nine heads, nine chickens and nine birds. In the vast wilderness, there is a mountain called the Arctic Pavilion, and the sea water is injected into the mountain from its north. There is a nine-headed beast, commonly known as the nine-headed bird. Everything is strange. Its head is full of faces. It is a nine-headed beast with a human face.

6. Sheep look like people. You are a monster who lives on Mount Wu Gou. Its lower body is like a sheep, but it has a head, but its eyes are under its arm. This is a kind of food, very fierce.

7. Thor the Dragon Face. "Shan Hai Jing Hai Nei Dong Jing" records that "there is Raytheon in Razer, and the dragon has a head and a thunder in its belly."

Thor is an orc, with a dragon body and a head, swimming in thunder snakes. Just knock on its stomach and thunder will rumble and flash in the sky.

8. A leopard with a face. It is a beast with a face and a leopard body. It has a long tail and can make a loud noise. Bite your tail in your mouth when you walk, and hold it when you rest.

9. Lou is holding a tiger face. A tiger with a human face, Tiger Claw and Kyubi no Youko. According to Shan Hai Jing ·Xi· Shan Jing, Lu Wu is the god beast in charge of Kunlun Mountain, Nine Divisions of Heaven and the Garden of Heaven and Earth, and is the highest-ranking among all the garden-watching god beasts.

10. Jiao Ren with fish face. Jiao Ren, also known as General Practitioner, is a mysterious orc with a fishtail, growing in the water, a bit like a mermaid. According to The Search for God, they live outside the South China Sea, live in the water like fish, and weave all day long. As long as you cry, tears become pearls. It is said that they have woven water-free dragon yarn.

1 1. It is recorded in Nerve that in the wilderness of southwest China, there are misinformed animals that look like rabbits. They have human faces, can speak human words, like to deceive people, and often use irony. For example, if you ask them for directions, they will say western things, but these lies are not malicious. They are just jokes. Although the beast has a poisonous tongue, its heart is kind. It is said that eating its meat will stop telling the truth.

12. The pride of Tiger Claw. Aoyin, also known as Sui, lives in a wild place in the west, and his height is similar to that of human beings. Aoyin has a bad habit, that is, he likes to attack travelers who act alone. If caught, he will eat people's brains. Aoin's tongue is so long that it can roll out of the ground more than a foot. If you meet it, you should try your best to make it stick out its tongue first, and then throw a red-hot stone on its tongue, and the animal will die with the last breath.

13. The face of a dog is like a living army. Shanjun is a monster who attracts the wind. It runs as fast as the wind. As long as it appears, there will be strong winds. Shanjun looks like a dog, has a face, smiles at everyone, is good at shooting, and hits every shot. It also has a name called Yamaguchi.

14. The white face of the snake (xi Rusheng). The white pheasant is an orc created by Nu Wa after herself, with a snake face, a poisonous snake in the male and a white pheasant in the female. It is also the protector of Nu Wa. After the worker's anger didn't touch Zhoushan, the sky collapsed and the five-color stone of Nuwa was refined, but there was still a piece missing. Finally, the silver pheasant and the snake followed.

Shan Hai Jing has extraordinary literature value, which can be used as a reference for studying China's ancient history, geography, culture, Chinese and foreign transportation, folk customs and myths, among which the mineral records are the earliest related documents in the world.

The edition of Shan Hai Jing is complicated, so the earliest edition is the Biography of Shan Hai Jing in Guo Pu. But when it comes to Historical Records, the title of Shan Hai Jing, the earliest bibliography is Hanshu Yiwenzhi. As for the real author of this book, many predecessors thought that it was Yu, Bo Yi, and was collated by Liu Xiang and Liu Xin in the Western Han Dynasty before it was handed down from generation to generation. Nowadays, many people think that the exact date and author of this book cannot be confirmed.

Ancient and modern scholars have different understandings of the content and nature of Shan Hai Jing. For example, Sima Qian bluntly said that its content was too absurd to be used as a reference for making history. For example, Lu Xun thought it was "the book of wizards and alchemists". At present, most scholars believe that Shan Hai Jing is an early and valuable geographical work.