RACI matrix is often used to adjust the organizational structure in human resources activities; In project management activities, RACI matrix is an effective tool to assign and clarify the rights and responsibilities of project team members in the early stage of the project; It can also be used as a communication tool before and during the project; It can also take the lead in the tearing war in the middle and late stage of the project.
1. Abbreviation definition: the meaning of RACI
RACI, these four letters mean:
RACI matrix, sometimes called RASCI matrix, adds an s:
2. Preparation before filling RACI matrix
Before filling in the RACI matrix, you need to prepare two materials. One is the decomposed work package list; The other is a list of people, departments or people+departments. Both are indispensable. These two contents are in the column header and row header of the matrix respectively.
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As shown in the figure, the first column on the left is the work package list, which contains all the work that needs to be completed; The second line in the table is a list of people. The list of people in this picture is a typical error demonstration, that is, only the name of the person is put, and the correct way should be the job name and department of the person.
3. How to Use Raci Matrix: Elementary Chapter
The most common way to use RACI matrix is simply to use RACI matrix to divide labor and distribution activities. After finishing RACI, you can see how the work is assigned to various departments or team members, and you can also see what each project member or department has to do. The advantage of using RACI matrix to do this work is that it can avoid omissions and improve the details of project division.
4. How to use Raci matrix: intermediate level
The intermediate usage of RACI matrix is used as a testing tool and a communication tool.
(1) level test
Horizontal inspection is to check the division of work of each department and each work package. The key points are:
If multiple departments are responsible for a work package, it is often necessary to force one department to be responsible and change one or more R's to S or C's. Another possibility is that the decomposition of the work package is not detailed enough to be split into a certain department, so it is necessary to continue to split the work package until the work package can be split into two departments reasonably.
It is a project manager's nightmare that a job is entrusted to more than two departments. It often happens that the progress is slow due to prevarication between departments, and the worst case is that the whole project is postponed.
(2) Longitudinal inspection
Longitudinal inspection is inspection by department:
(3) Communication tools
A good RACI matrix or a blank RACI matrix is a very good communication tool. Whether to attend various meetings, such as project kick-off meeting; Email communication, or informal conversation, can use this tool to promote communication. You can put the matrix on the projector, or print it on A4 paper, or mail it, so as to focus the attention of the recipients of the information on this matrix and guide them to discuss around the home and reach an understanding.
After the previous horizontal and vertical investigation, RACI matrix can expose several main problems that need to be solved, and these problems need to be solved through communication. After gathering relevant personnel to complete the process of making and checking RACI matrix, we can guide all departments to discuss the problems that need to be solved and reach an understanding on some key issues:
5. How to use Raci matrix: main chapter
RACI matrix is a very effective thinking tool when dealing with complex situations related to division of labor.
(1) change management
When managing a project or business, there are often changes in organizational structure or personnel; Such as the resignation, promotion or transfer of team members, or the integration or dissolution of departments. This change will bring a lot of uncertainty. RACI matrix is a very good tool to ensure a smooth transition, which can be used to analyze what adjustments should be made. Managers or project managers can also organize RACI seminars to organize all parties to actively discuss this issue.
(2) Diagnostic tools
RACI is a good tool to help managers decide whether and how to reorganize their organizations.
Department with low contribution rate: As mentioned above, if a person or a department has less R and A and more I and S in the current work, then the department will give priority when it needs to reduce staff, or it can transfer the functions of other overburdened departments to this department.
Departments with overlapping functions: if there are multiple departments of R or A on multiple tasks at the same time, there will be a lot of problems or conflicts in the cross-departmental cooperation between these two departments or two people; As a manager, we need to pay special attention to the cooperation between these departments and intervene in time to prevent the progress from being slow due to mutual shirking.
Overworked people: if someone has too much R, then that person's work pressure needs to be taken seriously; Or the work pressure of a certain department is too great, whether the personnel in this department are psychologically balanced and whether they are encouraged and rewarded as they should be.