One. Think about solving problems:
1. Answer steps: Generally, there are three steps: first examine the questions, then conceive them, and finally answer them.
(1) Examination: The key to answering short answers lies in the examination. When examining the questions, we should see clearly the requirements and grasp the key points: ① See clearly the requirements of the questions: ① Look at the scope requirements. It should be clear whether the test questions require the use of relevant knowledge of politics, economy or philosophy, or the use of some knowledge of materialism, dialectics, epistemology or historical materialism in philosophy to analyze and answer questions. 2 look at the score requirements. Those with high scores may have more answer points, while those with low scores may have fewer answer points. (2) Examining the questions and grasping the key points: this is a key step. Because of the intention, direction and requirements of the proposition, all kinds of restrictions are among them. ① First, grasp the key words and identify the proposition intention. (Subject, scope statement) ② Second, grasp restrictive words and thoroughly understand the details of the problem. (rhetorical question, interrogative question)
Read the full text of the material: read the full text of the material carefully, and when reading, do: (1) find the central sentence of the full text, that is, the sentence that can express the meaning of the full text. ⑵ Divide the paragraphs into different levels and summarize the meaning of each paragraph. ⑶ Combing the internal relations between paragraphs. (4) Go back to the textbook to find the basis. On the basis of serious thinking, go back to the textbook to find the basis and list the key points of the answer. With the main points of the answer, there is the direction of the answer. Organizing the answers in this direction can prevent digression and missing the main points.
(2) Conceiving: It is necessary to clarify the thinking of answering questions through conceiving, and find out what principle to use (single principle or multiple principles) and how to express it with this principle; Find the right starting point for answering questions; You can make a draft in your mind and clear your mind.
(3) Answer: After clearing the train of thought to answer the question, you can begin to answer it. When you answer, you should pay attention to dividing it into several natural paragraphs, using the subject language (subject terminology) correctly, writing carefully and neatly (legibly), and expressing the answer accurately and completely.
2. General requirements:
The answer is in the paragraph. The answer can't be teased to the end, pay attention to segmentation. (2) The paragraphs are focused. The answer should be concise and to the point. ③ Key numbers. The application of knowledge points should be organized, and multiple knowledge points should be preceded by serial numbers. ④ Scientific language. The language should be rigorous, scientific terms should be used, the writing should be standardized, the volume should be neat and the handwriting should be clear. ⑤ The front of the view. When answering subjective questions, we must grasp the questions step by step and strive for the main points. It should be clear that the principles (knowledge) applied in the college entrance examination papers are generally not repeated, and it is forbidden to answer multiple questions with the same principles (knowledge); When applying multiple principles to answer a question, we must write the most important and confident in front to attract the attention of the marking teacher.
Two. example
Question 1: Chart Phenomenon Class
[Test ability]: the ability to extract information.
[Problem solving guidance] Question form: What economic (political or cultural) phenomenon does the material reflect? What economic (political or cultural) information is reflected?
Thinking of answering questions: ① What phenomenon does the material (chart) explain? The topic is the direction of the answer. With the help of items and notes, the answer should not only write the phenomenon reflected in the chart (that is, convert the numerical language of the chart into written language), but also explain the conclusion contained in this phenomenon.
(2) What is the internal relationship between forms (materials)? The class problem is basically a causal relationship, but it also varies according to the topic.
Question 2: Reason and significance: (Analyze the reason, basis and significance, etc. )
[Examination ability]: the ability to analyze problems
[Problem solving guidance]: Question form: ⑴ Why do you do this ⑴ Analyze the significance (influence, function, basis, etc.). )
Thinking of answering questions: generally, it is expounded from the perspectives of the country (political party), society, enterprises and individuals. It often includes the status quo, reasons, status, influence, significance (economic significance, political significance, cultural life significance, practical significance, positive and negative influence, etc.). ).
Question 3: Cognition, understanding and evaluation (analysis and explanation questions)
[Examination ability]: the ability to analyze problems
[Problem-solving instruction]: Question form: How to treat (recognize) an economic (or political) phenomenon (specific question method-how to treat (recognize) ... phenomenon? )
Thinking of answering questions: Generally speaking, to answer this question, we should think about "what" (what is the problem), "why" (why this phenomenon occurs) and "how to do it" (countermeasures and attitudes).
Question 4: Discriminatory analysis
[Examination ability]: the ability to analyze problems
[Problem-solving guidance]: Question form: Talk about the understanding of the ┅┅ sentence or viewpoint.
Thinking of answering questions: demonstrate the correct points, analyze the wrong points, clarify the vague points and supplement the incomplete points.
(1) Find the right and all the arguments: find the key words or key sentences. Some contents are relative. If there is one argument, we should consider whether to use the other one, such as right-obligation, quantitative change-qualitative change, rule of law-rule of virtue, individual-society, producer-consumer, government-citizen, etc.
(2) point out the rationality of the problem and explain the correct reasons; Point out the irrationality of the problem and explain the reasons for its mistakes; Point out the correct viewpoint to deal with this problem.
(3) For one-sided analysis, point out the rationality of seeing this side of the problem and explain the reasons; Point out other aspects not seen in the debate and supplement them; Explain roughly how to do it.
(4) For conditional questions, it is necessary to explain under what conditions it is correct, under what conditions it is wrong, and what conclusions should be drawn at last.
(5) Long sentence patterns should be graded and conceptual types should be defined.
(6) Try to turn the analysis questions into general questions for thinking.
Conclusion: this kind of question type often needs us to analyze it from a comprehensive and dialectical point of view.
Question 5: What to do (enlightenment)
[Examination ability]: the ability to solve problems
[Problem-solving guidance]: Question form: suggestions, measures, inspiration, methods, how to do it, how to do it, and how to show wisdom.
Thinking of answering questions: (1) Find methods from textbook knowledge;
(2) Find ways from materials: (1) Materials present negative phenomena (problems), and the reverse is the correct way (for example, materials present environmental pollution, etc. In turn, it is to strengthen environmental protection and make rational use of resources); (2) If the material presents the correct practice, it is only necessary to summarize and summarize this practice; (3) Find a way from current politics (common current politics language).
Question 6: Embodiment class:
[Examination ability]: the ability to extract information and the ability to analyze and understand.
[Problem-solving instruction]: Question form: How to follow ……, how to embody …, and how to stick to …?
Thinking of answering questions: format: principle+methodology+explanation (principle comes before material, important principle comes before, secondary principle comes after)