The traditional virtues of the Chinese nation refer to the outstanding moral heritage handed down from China's 5,000-year history, which is influential, can be inherited and continuously innovated and developed, and is beneficial to the next generation. To sum up, it is the sum of the excellent moral quality, excellent national spirit, lofty national integrity, noble national feelings and good national habits of the Chinese nation. It marks the "shape" and "soul" of the Chinese nation. It is also the crystallization of China people's practice in dealing with interpersonal relationships, the relationship between people and society, and the relationship between people and nature for more than 2,000 years.

"Benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and faithfulness" are the core values and basic requirements of the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation, which promote the development of the whole social moral system and improve the social moral level, and occupy an important position in the traditional virtues of the whole Chinese nation.

China is an ancient civilization and a country of etiquette. It attaches importance to virtue and etiquette and has always enjoyed a high reputation in the world. Since ancient times, the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation have always been the moral and ideological basis for the survival and development of the Chinese nation, and have always been an important spiritual pillar and spiritual motivation for the survival and development of the Chinese nation. The formation and development of Chinese traditional virtues have a history of thousands of years, from oral inheritance to written records, with profound contents.

But to sum up, the five elements of "benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and faith" are clearly defined in historical classics and basically formed in past dynasties. Of course, there are many expressions in traditional morality, but most of them are included in these five elements, or they are extensions, enrichment or development of these five elements.

With the development of history, especially after Wei and Jin Dynasties, there appeared different views and opinions on moral understanding between officials and people, and they also expounded "benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and faith" in various ways, and made new creations and new norms. Nevertheless, as a traditional moral subject structure, "benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and faith" has not changed fundamentally. In the meantime, as the "pillars" of Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties, Cheng Hao, Cheng Yi and Zhu made the most outstanding contributions in this respect.

Er Cheng developed "benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom and faithfulness" into the theory of "five permanents and four branches", that is, "benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom and faithfulness", which is also sex. Benevolent, all; Four, four. "This means that if" benevolence "is regarded as the whole body," righteousness, propriety and wisdom "are the limbs of the body. Zhu put forward the famous theory of "benevolence and four virtues".