The regional differences of China people's drinking are also obvious. The top ten provinces and cities with the highest alcohol consumption are Shandong, Hebei, Jiangsu, Henan, Beijing, Liaoning, Anhui, Shanxi, Jilin and Hubei.
As the saying goes, "no wine, no table", whether it is a gathering of relatives and friends, or social work, wine is indispensable. China people's preference for alcohol leads to the explosion of alcohol consumption market, especially during the Spring Festival every year. How many people spent the last Spring Festival holiday on the wine table? The results of the recently released "National Alcohol Survey" give the answer-tens of thousands of netizens interviewed in 26 provinces and cities across the country are drinking alcohol every day. Some people try their best to persuade people to drink, while others try their best to drink. China's traditional culture "Small wine is good for feelings" has shown signs of alienation. The serious problem behind this is the health cost that people overdraw for it.
According to the statistics of the World Health Organization, 60 kinds of diseases are all caused by unhealthy drinking, and the incidence and * * rate of diseases caused by alcohol are higher than those caused by smoking. However, in China, "no smoking" has begun to take action, while "alcohol restriction" has been slow to achieve results. Although * * advocated frugality and promulgated the "prohibition of alcohol", we have to admit that Chinese people are still highly dependent on alcohol, even exceeding their concern for their own health.
China will become the "engine" of global alcohol consumption growth.
In 20 12 years, the liquor industry was in constant turmoil. This content may be illegal and has been modified. The proposal of "three public funds reduction", "plasticizer incident" and * *' s "prohibition of alcohol" once gave the liquor market a cold shoulder, but these did not affect people's love for liquor. According to the survey, there are 285,000 netizens, of whom 74% still prefer liquor, followed by beer and red wine, accounting for 2 1.5% and 8.8% respectively.
The regional differences of China people's drinking are also obvious. The top ten provinces and cities with the highest alcohol consumption are Shandong, Hebei, Jiangsu, Henan, Beijing, Liaoning, Anhui, Shanxi, Jilin and Hubei. Among them, 72% of Shandong netizens drank more than three ounces of white wine on New Year's Eve, and 35% drank more than half a catty. Jiangsu followed closely, with 68% drinking more than three ounces and 33% drinking more than half a catty. Hebei, ranked third, is not to be outdone. 67% people drank more than three ounces, and 3 1% people drank more than half a catty. In terms of alcohol consumption, Shandong people still lead. The average daily drinking amount is 83. 1 ml, which is equivalent to 3.8 liang of 45-degree liquor or 4 bottles of 500 ml bottled beer. It takes 5 hours and 54 minutes for alcohol to be completely decomposed by the human body.
The survey also shows that young people aged 30-50 are the main drinkers in the Spring Festival this year, accounting for 73%, consumers aged 18-29 account for 18%, and people over 50 only account for 0.9%. In addition, tens of thousands of netizens in 26 provinces and cities are drinking every day during the Spring Festival holiday.
Although drinking during the Spring Festival holiday is still the main theme, compared with the survey results of 20 12, the daily drinking per capita has decreased by 30%, and the number of underage drinkers has also decreased by half.
Nevertheless, the wine market in China is still prosperous. Although a series of policies issued by the state last year had a great impact on the high-grade liquor market, and the sales of some high-grade liquors also dropped significantly, middle and low-grade liquors still sold well. According to this survey, liquor with the price of 300-500 yuan is the most popular, and the sales of red wine are also rising all the way.
According to the forecast reports of 20 1 1 to 20 16 of the international wine and spirits research institute, the growth rate of alcoholic beverages in China will reach 63.2% in the next five years, becoming the "engine" of global alcohol consumption growth.
According to the monitoring of the Ministry of Commerce, the sales of key retail catering enterprises in China reached 539 billion yuan from New Year's Eve to the sixth day of the first month this year, an increase of 14.7% over the Spring Festival of 20 12. The boosting effect of alcohol consumption should not be underestimated. According to the latest statistics of Shenzhen Liquor Industry Association, Shenzhen people drink 654.38+0 billion yuan every year just by drinking. From this point of view, China's alcohol consumption potential is really great.
If you drink too much, your whole body will be affected.
People drink heartily at the dinner table, but few people pay attention to the health that flows away with the glass. Li Tough, director of the Propaganda Center of Beijing Emergency Center, told the reporter of Life Times that compared with before the Spring Festival, the amount of emergency treatment caused by drinking has increased. During the seven-day long holiday, 207 people were drunk or drunk, ranging in age from teenagers to 60 or 70 years old. Jinan Emergency Center drove 64 times because of drunkenness, which did not include sudden diseases and injuries caused by drinking. Kang Zheng, an attending physician in the emergency department of Peking University Third Hospital, told reporters that every Spring Festival, he would encounter a tragedy caused by drunkenness. "On the first night of the Lunar New Year this year, a man in his thirties got drunk and fell asleep at 7 o'clock in the evening. After 9 o'clock, the family found that he couldn't wake him up. When he was sent to the hospital, his breathing and heartbeat were gone, because he was drunk, vomiting and suffocating, and he could not be rescued. "
Professor Hong Zhaoguang, Director of Cardiovascular Committee of China Geriatric Care Association, divides drinking into five stages. The first stage is a gentleman, and moderate drinking is good for health and happiness, which is the best state; If you continue to drink more than you can, you will become a peacock and like to show off yourself; If you drink it again, you will become a lion, lose your temper and be arrogant; If you don't keep drinking, you will become a monkey, lose your self-control ability, and get into trouble most easily; In the final stage, Hong Zhaoguang rudely described him as a "stupid pig", confused, incoherent, stagger and even unconscious. "If you drink too much often, the harm to your body is beyond imagination." Hong Zhaoguang said. In addition, American studies have also found that long-term drinking can lead to organ damage.
Liver. Excessive drinking is the most harmful to the liver, and poisoning caused by excessive drinking in a short time will make the liver tissue necrosis due to lack of oxygen. Long-term heavy drinking can lead to alcoholic fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis and alcoholic cirrhosis.
Stomach. Alcohol can make gastric mucosa secrete excessive gastric acid. After drinking a lot of alcohol, the epithelial cells of gastric mucosa are damaged, which induces mucosal edema, bleeding, even ulcers and erosion, leading to gastric bleeding.
Pancreas. Alcohol can induce acute pancreatitis in many ways.
Brain. A study by the Medical College of Heidelberg University in Germany confirmed that after drinking for 6 minutes, brain cells began to be destroyed, and long-term drinking memory would deteriorate.
Heart. Alcohol can not only lead to alcoholic cardiomyopathy, hypertension and so on. It can also cause sudden myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction.
Excessive drinking in bones will accelerate the loss of calcium in the body, making it easier for osteoporosis and fractures.
Ears and eyes. Zhou Rongbin, director of the emergency department of the General Hospital of Beijing Military Region, pointed out that drinking alcohol will damage the retina and cause "alcohol amblyopia". Alcohol can also stimulate the surface of human throat mucosa, so people who drink alcohol are more likely to suffer from pharyngitis, which will cause eustachian tube obstruction, tinnitus and hearing loss.
In addition, "excessive drinking can also cause cancer." Hong Zhaoguang, a famous cardiovascular expert, added that studies have found that cancers such as esophageal cancer and gastric cancer are most likely to target people who like drinking.
Alcohol not only damages health, but also harms family, friends and even strangers. Like "second-hand smoke", the word "second-hand wine" has long existed abroad. Fighting after drunkenness, traffic accidents caused by drunk driving are common, threatening the lives of themselves and others; Losing temper with family and friends after drinking wine has affected the relationship between relatives and friends; Frequent drinking by parents has a greater impact on children, making them feel inferior and withdrawn, causing serious psychological problems ... These indirect effects have also brought social unrest.
Change bad drinking methods and advocate healthy drinking.
Since alcohol is so harmful to health, why do people in China still love drinking so much? Chi Yukai, an associate professor of psychology at South China Normal University, said that China people like drinking because of their introverted traditional character. After drinking a few glasses of wine, people's spirit is relaxed. Between sobriety and drunkenness, the relationship between people is closer, and they can "speak the truth after drinking". It is precisely because of this special function of wine that people give it the functions of "emotional bond" and "social tool". China's wine culture has a long history. In the past, entertainment, pension and respect for the elderly were all expressed by wine, which made people have a special feeling for wine from the heart. However, when the traditional wine culture encounters the modern environment of "no wine is a gift, things are easy to talk about on the wine table, and heroes are judged by alcohol consumption", drinking is not only as simple as making love, but also persuading wine has become a means of communication.
"Persuading and toasting are the unique characteristics of China people's drinking, with a certain utilitarian color, and there is a relationship culture behind it." Yu Hai, a sociology professor at Fudan University in Shanghai, said that people like to talk about things on the wine table, often for the purpose of negotiation. Hong Zhaoguang, a famous cardiovascular expert, said: "When you lose self-control when drinking, you should say what you shouldn't say and dare to do what you shouldn't do. If you don't sign, pick up the pen ... The glass is dry and the policy is relaxed. " So many people will be willing to persuade them to drink. In addition, the habit of drinking and persuading wine also has regional characteristics, and the north is more serious than the south. Yu Hai said: "I met people who knelt on the ground and advised me to drink in Inner Mongolia. If you don't drink, he won't get up and it's hard to accept. "
At this point, the rationality shown by western countries is in sharp contrast with that of China. "Many countries in the world have problems caused by drinking, but they are hardly advised to drink abroad. This is not only respect for others, but also reflects the degree of civilization of a country. "
In addition, two experts, Hong Zhaoguang and Yu Hai, agreed that the fundamental reason why China people prefer alcohol is that people don't know enough about the harm of alcohol. According to the survey of drinking in China, only 30% people agree with the health concept that drinking is addictive, so we should try to drink less or not.
(Original title: Shandong ranks first in the mainland alcohol consumption rankings, and none of the three northeastern provinces has entered the top three. As for the problem between alcohol and health, the World Health Organization has already reached a formal conclusion, with five words: "The less alcohol, the better." According to WHO's international cooperative research, under normal circumstances, men should not consume more than 20g of pure alcohol every day, and women should consume less. Alcohol intake can be calculated by the formula of "alcohol consumption × alcohol concentration ×0.8". If drinking is inevitable, experts suggest that it is best not to drink on an empty stomach, and eat some foods rich in starch and high protein, such as snacks and bread, before drinking. If you drink badly, your family and friends should help you in time. First, let the drunk lie down and rest, and untie his collar. When vomiting, make the drunken person bend over and lie on his side, not prone or supine, so as not to inhale the vomit into the trachea and cause suffocation. If the drunken person has symptoms such as drowsiness, cold skin, convulsion and coma, he should be sent to the hospital immediately for rescue.