The view of human nature refers to the deep-seated educational concept behind teachers' educational and teaching behavior. People's educational behavior is based on a specific view of human nature. Whether the teacher is aware of this or not, his views on human nature will profoundly affect his educational behavior.
Studies have shown that teachers who hold negative views on human nature often ignore students' self-esteem, personality and psychological needs, emphasize students' absolute obedience to themselves, and are used to disciplining or punishing students by coercion, command and threat. Extreme examples are often seen in newspapers: some teachers ask primary school students to sit up straight in class and not twist for more than 40 minutes; Some teachers severely reprimand students for occasionally scratching their faces; What's more, some teachers physically punish students, punch and kick, and use violence; Another teacher actually asked a student to take off his pants in front of the whole class to urge him to correct his mistakes ... Imagine, under such a teacher's "teaching", can students not induce various psychological and behavioral problems? Teachers' corporal punishment hurts students, which is a moral problem on the surface, but a teacher's problem in essence.
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Ignoring students' basic rights is a serious problem in the view of human nature. In a sense, teachers' excessive pressure or corporal punishment on students is the main reason for students' psychological and behavioral problems. Teachers with a positive view of human nature can respect students' personality and self-esteem, tolerate students' shortcomings, and deal with various problems in education and teaching objectively, rationally and scientifically. Such a teacher believes that students have an upward and kind heart. Under the guidance of this concept, its educational and teaching behavior will certainly be conducive to the development of students' mental health. The advanced deeds of many excellent teachers have fully proved this point.
Therefore, this paper particularly emphasizes that under the excellent situation that mental health education is widely carried out in primary and secondary schools, special attention should be paid to changing educators' educational concepts. Changing ideas is a more important and arduous task than carrying out mental health education in form (classroom, archives, clinic, etc.). ). To this end, we advocate: 1. Establish humanized school management system.
Modern school management system emphasizes educational democracy and respects students. This kind of school management is reasonable and meets the basic needs of human nature. It will arrange teaching activities according to students' psychological characteristics, reform the management system and examination system, and implement democratic management and participation in management. For example, some schools have established a system of regular communication between teachers and students, which has broadened the channels of communication between teachers and students; Some schools require teachers to set up home schools for each student.
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Contact Ben, report the progress of students to parents regularly, ease the parent-child relationship and stimulate the initiative of students; Some schools implement the rotation system of small cadres, so that all students can participate in class management and make the relationship between teachers and students more harmonious. The humanized school management system makes teachers feel happy and students feel healthy, and achieves the goal of school mental health education. 2. Adhere to the principle of humanized education.
First of all, teachers should respect students' basic rights. Education is the communication between life and life. Teachers should respect students' independence, autonomy and creativity. Teachers can't treat students with fixed eyes, and can't impose adult values, adult needs and adult beliefs on students. In the communication between teachers and students, students and teachers have equal status and rights, and should have certain freedom of independent choice. Problems among students are inevitable and normal phenomena in the process of development.
Secondly, teachers are required to be really interested in people, to understand and trust people in knowledge; Emotionally respect and care for others; Encourage and update people's behavior. Educators should correctly treat all kinds of psychological problems in the process of students' growth, give priority to positive education and avoid punishing students. In this regard, many teachers have expressed doubts. They believe that it is impossible to have love without criticism and punishment. However, the facts taught them. Some teachers adhere to the principles of humanization and positive education. They start with observing and understanding special students, gradually approach and care for them, eliminate their resistance and promote their learning and psychological development. A teacher introduced his experience and said, "In the past, our class often became an excellent class, and many students won prizes in competitions. But after graduation, they seldom go back to school to visit their teachers, which often puzzles me. Now, I follow the principle of humanization to educate students, and the class has undergone gratifying changes. When I graduated, more than 30 students in my class called me.
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Farewell made me very moved. I understand that this is the positive result of adhering to the principle of humanization, the effect of emotional communication between teachers and students, and shows the maturity of students in interpersonal communication. I think such students will be able to better adapt to social life after they enter the society. "3. Explore humanized education methods.
First of all, teachers should be good at using soft methods, that is, humanistic education methods, to influence students through their own knowledge, emotion, personality and prestige. And avoid using coercion, command, corporal punishment and other methods to subdue students. From the perspective of human nature, teachers' concern for students' emotions has its unique educational effect.
Secondly, school education should do everything possible to return the happiness of life and study to students. Schools should carry out a variety of activities to improve the quality of students' study and life, so that students can have more pleasant experiences, and promote their mental health as a starting point. For example, in bright primary school, Beijing, a music test was tried out in the lower grades, and the classroom was decorated with colorful colors, allowing students to choose their own test forms (reciting, reading, writing, etc. ) and test questions, and evaluate students' grades in various forms. So, in a happy atmosphere, the students are looking forward to the exam.
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Take the exam with joy. This not only effectively reduces students' study pressure and burden, but also cultivates students' independence and subjectivity and develops their creative spirit. Another example is that the teachers in the lower grades of Beijing Kangleli Primary School publish a collection of "class compositions" full of childlike interest for students.
Writing is an important way for students to realize their self-worth, and students can enjoy the joy of success.
Finally, carry out the role exchange activities between teachers and students. Make teachers know students again and deeply understand their psychological characteristics. At the same time, we should be alert to the other side of the problem. In the long-term educational work, teachers frequently communicate with psychologically naive students, and relatively closed educational activities make some teachers often show childish and irrational characteristics in psychology and behavior. This is also one of the main reasons why teachers hurt students' self-esteem and cause conflicts between teachers and students. Therefore, promoting teachers' psychological maturity in school work, making them consciously control negative emotions and strengthening psychological self-control will contribute to the development of students' psychological health.