Second, summary
The first part: self-transcendence/significance/genetic perspective/sociality
the second part
5. Self-confidence is the best state of life.
1, the role of self-esteem
Self-esteem tracking is actually the attention and acceptance of others: if others accept us more, our brains will think that our position in their hearts has been improved and our self-esteem will be enhanced; On the contrary, self-esteem is weakened because we think that others' acceptance of us has declined, which means that our position in their hearts has declined.
Evolutionary self-esteem is to track others' acceptance of us, just to solve the adaptability of individuals to survive and reproduce in groups.
Another important function of self-esteem is to solve the problem of resource allocation within the group. For individuals, this is actually a strategy of survival and self-protection, because self-esteem can send signals through feelings such as shame and humility when we meet people with higher status than ourselves, thus inhibiting our desire for resources and avoiding unnecessary conflicts. When we are in a higher position, we can give signals through good self-feeling and other reactions, telling us that we are safe and can boldly pursue resources.
2. Self-esteem is the premise of happiness and achievement.
Self-esteem is a social psychological mechanism, but for individuals, it is a subjective emotion, reflecting a person's subjective evaluation and attitude towards self-worth. For example, people with high self-esteem have higher self-evaluation, feel good about themselves and are relatively confident; People who feel inferior often feel inferior, think that they are not good enough, and don't have much sense of value and existence.
Serotonin in the brain is a neurotransmitter related to self-esteem-the level of serotonin in the brain of people with high self-esteem is relatively higher.
Therefore, the key to pursuing happiness and growth is to keep self-esteem at a relatively high and stable level.
3. Get rid of inferiority and vanity
Our self-esteem level (evaluation of self-worth) depends on two kinds of capital: one is attractive "capital", such as power, wealth and beauty; There are also social "capital", such as outstanding talent, profound knowledge, professional knowledge and skills, and excellent character.
Inferiority and vanity are both caused by inferiority. The best state of life should be full of self-confidence, dare to try and challenge yourself, know how to gain the respect of others through strength, and not be vain at the same time, but rely on and care about what others think of us, and will not deliberately cater to it in order to get attention.
4. Stoic emotional training method
How to get rid of vanity and reduce the influence of external evaluation on us?
You can use the stoic emotional training method. The core of this training method is to dilute the position of what we have or care about in our hearts, so that any loss will not bring us pain. If you can be indifferent, you will not be controlled by external things.
Conclusion: Don't be dragged down by external things, spend your time and energy on building your own strength, because talent and ability really belong to you, and what others can't take away can help us maintain a stable high self-esteem.
Sixth, the symbol of the strong-anti-vulnerability.
1, anti-vulnerability means benefiting from uncertainty.
Anti-vulnerability tells us how to survive and develop better in this unpredictable and uncertain world.
People are afraid of uncertainty and eager to predict the future because volatility and randomness will bring us losses and injuries (this is a fragile feature).
The key to judging anti-vulnerability lies in whether it benefits from random events (or deterministic shocks). If the favorable result is greater than the unfavorable result, it will become better and better under pressure and impact, then it is anti-vulnerability.
Individual anti-vulnerability strategies: ① active trial and error (adjustment in action); ② Leverage strategy (90% capital preservation, 10% investment)
PS: The core concept of anti-vulnerability is "nonlinearity", which will lead to causal asymmetry. The price paid is very small, but the potential benefits are much greater.
2. Root causes of vulnerability
As long as a person dares to keep acting and trying, actively eliminate those bad choices and keep the good ones, the general direction will get better and better. So, what is the problem? 1 dare not act; (2) Blind persistence (unwilling to take the initiative to eliminate, hate losses, protect sunk costs, and unwilling to stock up)
Change: ① Stop the formation of inferiority complex and negative thinking and act in a positive direction.
(2) to jump out of the dilemma of blind persistence. Persistence itself is a choice. With the change of opportunity cost, we should re-evaluate and judge the meaning of persistence.
3. The secret of sustainable growth: small-scale trial and error, and then adjust the plan according to the real situation.
Conclusion: The best way to get rid of confusion is to accept the fact that the future is unpredictable. At this moment, what we need to do most is to make the best choice according to our existing experience, and act immediately, and then compare and analyze the results and expectations in the process of action. If the feedback is positive, continue to implement; Feedback is negative, reflect and adjust in time, make new plans and continue to act.
Seven, become the master of your own life.
1, ego and self-control
Ego is a brain activity that we can perceive (from the physiological level).
Brain, a powerful information processing center.
It is difficult for people to break through because most emotions and behaviors in life are habitual reactions and do not need conscious participation. Because they don't realize it, they can't actively intervene. Therefore, we should practice self-awareness and self-reflection deliberately.
2. Self-awareness and reflection
Self-awareness, the ability to remain aware of changes in one's inner emotions. If you have negative emotions, you can detect them in time.
Self-awareness is the first step of self-control, in addition, there is self-reflection. Self-reflection is more like self-dialogue. By constantly asking ourselves why, we can dig deep into the thoughts and ideas hidden behind these negative emotions.
The method of training self-awareness: meditation
The Method of Cultivating Positive Thinking: Morning Diary
Eight, the practical value of cognitive improvement
1, the practical value of cognition
All fields are developing rapidly, and the value of experience is gradually decreasing, so the best way to seek development is innovation and trial and error.
The key to high trial-and-error efficiency lies in whether our assumptions about demand and growth are correct, whether we can make relatively accurate inferences based on information and data, and make timely policy adjustments. At this time, you need to use the underlying laws and knowledge.
The potential law is to look at the world from macro to micro.
Knowledge can help us to improve our ability to interpret data, judge the accuracy of implied assumptions, discover laws and trends, understand and analyze problems, and finally make better decisions and choices.
2. The more information, the more noise reduction ability is needed.
Whether we can distinguish between signal and noise depends on whether we understand the real laws at the bottom and whether we have the belief that we are close to the real world.
On the one hand, the source of noise is emotional anxiety. The ability of our brain to process information is limited. Once overloaded, it will go beyond the processing range of the brain and produce anxiety. On the other hand, it is knowledge anxiety, not that I don't want to learn, but that I see many people learning and blindly adding. Therefore, noise reduction is needed.
3. Bayesian Theorem and Cognitive Upgrade
The basis of confirmation is induction.
Falsificationism is a mechanism used by science to correct itself, and it is a spirit and attitude of "fact is above everything else".
All error correction mechanisms can be described by Bayesian theorem. The uniqueness of Bayesian theorem lies in thinking about probability from a subjective point of view. It does not require that our initial beliefs or ideas are correct. As long as we can actively adjust our beliefs according to the observed evidence, we will keep moving in the right direction. The more experience is accumulated, the closer the estimated possibility will be to the objective real probability.
PS: In the face of such unreliable knowledge, the best attitude is to use the Bayesian spirit-opinions change with facts.
Summary: quote Susan's ending
Nine, the underlying knowledge structure in the new era
The core knowledge at the bottom of the new era includes universal rules, human rules (most importantly, psychology), correct thinking and complete world outlook.
1, evolution-the law of the development of all things (evolutionary psychology) plan11-65438+February study
2. Probability and statistics-understanding uncertainty and random events (refer to Lesson 8 of Notes on Rational Community and Logic Course).
3, logic and philosophy-have critical thinking (independent thinking) (refer to the seventh lesson of rational community notes, logic course) to learn the philosophy part next year.
4. Great History-Establish a unified and complete world outlook (refer to the notes of Great History course) and learn ing.
5, psychology-the potential law of human behavior (refer to Li Songwei's course, Wu Zhihong's psychology class) learning ing.
Ten, let life enter a virtuous circle.
1. What do we really want-love and belonging, self-esteem and meaning.
The key to happiness is that there is no contradiction.
The essence of human beings is social animals. We exist for society and for society. Therefore, it is very important to be recognized by society and others. It is not only the embodiment of our social values, but also the improvement of our self-confidence and self-esteem, which in itself is a part of happiness.
PS: the third option
Compromise at this time does not mean compromise forever.
We should admit the importance of money. Money itself can bring happiness.
Actively create the sense of meaning of things, build the underlying knowledge structure, and enhance their own strength.
The best choice is to become an independent entrepreneur who focuses on small and beautiful businesses.
4. Let life enter a virtuous circle.
If we want to resolve the contradiction between external expectation and internal desire, and get a sense of happiness that is consistent inside and outside, our only choice is to make ourselves strong enough and have the right to choose independently.
Positive is the strongest productivity and competitiveness: we are not happy because of success, but because we are happy first, and a positive attitude is the basis of happiness.
Summary: quote Susan's ending