1. Explain in detail that the rural construction movement rose against the background of the declining rural economy in China, aiming at reviving the rural areas of China through the change of farmers' lifestyle, so as to realize "national reconstruction" or "national self-help".
The most influential experimental areas in the rural construction movement are Dingxian Education Experimental Area led by Yan, Shandong Zouping Rural Construction Research Institute led by Liang Shuming and Wuxi Experimental Area sponsored by Jiangsu Education Society.
The experimental area is widely distributed in Shandong, Shanxi, Henan, Hebei, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Hunan, Sichuan, Guangxi, Suiyuan (now central Inner Mongolia) and other provinces.
The focus of each experimental area is also different. Some focus on education, and everything starts with education, such as the work of Pingjiao Church in Dingxian County, Hebei Province and Jiangsu Institute of Education. Some focus on people's self-defense and cultivate people's armed forces as the basis of autonomy, such as the work in Zhenping Experimental Zone and Heze Experimental Zone in Shandong Province.
Some take the unity of politics and religion as the basic principle, start with rural cultural education, and take schools and agricultural schools as the activity centers to replace autonomous institutions, such as Liang Shuming's Zouping Experimental Zone in Shandong; Some start with improving agricultural varieties in order to increase production and improve people's daily life, such as improving cotton fields in various places.