I. Main functions
(1) Civil Affairs Bureau: To formulate and implement the development plan of civil affairs and social welfare undertakings in the whole region. In charge of social relief and disaster relief, urban and rural minimum living security, marriage, adoption registration management, community management, funeral management, double support, special care and resettlement. Organize and guide the aging work in the whole region. Responsible for guiding the construction of grass-roots political power such as village committees and community neighborhood committees, and assisting in administrative divisions and place names. To guide and coordinate the relevant work of the Federation of Disabled Persons.
(2) Health Bureau: Formulate regional health development plans and organize their implementation. Organize the prevention and treatment of schistosomiasis, endemic diseases, parasitic diseases, mental diseases, tuberculosis, leprosy and maternal and child health care. Carry out various health supervision and law enforcement work, supervise the medical quality of medical institutions, and coordinate the handling of medical disputes. Do a good job in the organization and mobilization of unpaid blood donation, the reform of professional titles of health technicians, health statistics, and the audit of individual medical practice. Actively promote the implementation of rural medical security system. Assist and cooperate with Ivy's office to carry out related work.
(3) Population and Family Planning Commission: implement the policies of the Party and the state on population and family planning, as well as provincial and municipal laws and regulations on population and family planning. To formulate medium-and long-term plans and annual plans for population development and assist in the comprehensive management of population and family planning. According to the provincial and municipal population and family planning goals, assist the CMC and the district government to implement target management, and inspect and evaluate the implementation.
Two, the social insurance bureau is a public institution.
Third, the direction of future reform.
At present and in the future, efforts should be made to solve the current outstanding problems and explore the establishment of a long-term mechanism for sustainable development. There are five main tasks:
(1) Gradually establish individual accounts for old-age insurance, and make institutional and financial preparations for coping with the peak of population aging. China has established a basic old-age insurance system for enterprise employees, which combines social pooling with individual accounts. In recent years, personal accounts have accumulated nearly 700 billion yuan, but in fact there is not that much money, and they have been in an "empty account" operation state. This is because during the planned economy period, there was no special employee pension accumulation, and now the funds contained in the employee's personal account are also used to give pensions to retirees. To meet the challenge of the aging peak, it is necessary to realize the accumulation of personal accounts. The earlier this work starts, the smaller the "empty account" will be. On the contrary, the heavier the burden will be, which will affect the sustainable development of the system. The Third Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee called for the gradual realization of personal accounts for endowment insurance and the transformation from pay-as-you-go to partial accumulation. This year, we have made it one of the key tasks to sum up the experience of the pilot project in Northeast China and gradually implement individual accounts for old-age insurance throughout the country. In accordance with the principles of moderate level, reasonable structure, balanced funds and smooth transition, guide local governments to gradually implement them according to actual conditions. At the same time, reform the method of pension calculation and payment, and establish a mechanism that the level of treatment is more closely linked to the payment period; Standardize the insurance payment policy for individual industrial injury households and flexible employees; Standardize the provincial adjustment system of endowment insurance and gradually improve the overall level.
(2) Further expand the coverage of social insurance. According to the needs of the adjustment of ownership structure and the change of employment form, we will focus on employees and flexible employees in mixed ownership and non-public economic organizations, expand the coverage of social insurance, and let more people enjoy basic social security. This is the basic requirement for a well-off society to achieve a relatively sound social security system, and it is also one of the signs of social progress. In 2005, the number of people covered by pension, unemployment, medical care, industrial injury and maternity insurance will reach 654.38+0.7 billion, 654.38+0.5 billion, 654.38+0.3 billion, 75 million and 43 million respectively. Medical insurance will focus on solving the problem of retirees from closed bankrupt enterprises participating in basic medical insurance. The focus of industrial injury insurance is to promote the participation of high-risk enterprises such as mines and buildings, and at the same time, it has formulated measures for the identification and treatment of industrial injuries in institutions and institutions.
(3) Strengthen the material foundation of social security. Capital is the material basis for the sustainable development of social security system. In 2004, the total income of the five social insurance funds reached more than 570 billion yuan, the total expenditure reached more than 460 billion yuan, and the total scale of revenue and expenditure exceeded 1 trillion yuan. It is necessary to further strengthen the collection and management of social security funds, strengthen the collection and payment of social insurance premiums in accordance with the law, standardize the approved payment base, establish a credit system for social insurance participation, and increase the intensity of clearing debts, so as to ensure that all receivables are collected; Actively adjust the financial expenditure structure of governments at all levels, especially increase the capital investment of local finance in social security, and gradually increase the proportion of social security expenditure in budget expenditure. Enlarge and strengthen the national social security fund, further broaden investment channels and realize the preservation and appreciation of the fund. At the same time, employers are encouraged to invest in establishing enterprise annuities and supplementary medical insurance for employees to form a multi-level social security system.
(4) Strengthen the foundation of social security management. Good management is the guarantee for the effective operation of the social security system. At present, there are nearly 200 thousand people directly engaged in social security management in China. It is necessary to strengthen the capacity building of social security management institutions, adhere to people-oriented, optimize management service processes, and comprehensively improve work efficiency and service quality; Further improve the socialization level of management services. This year, more than 95% of retirees will leave the enterprise and implement socialized management services, 70% of which will be included in community management, effectively reducing the burden of corporate social affairs; It is also necessary to speed up the construction of social security information system engineering (financial security engineering) and support scientific macro-decision and humanized micro-management.
(5) Improve the legal level of social security. At present, many contradictions and problems encountered in the construction of China's social security system are related to the weak legal guarantee ability and insufficient supervision and law enforcement means. The National People's Congress has included the social insurance law in the legislative plan, and we will actively cooperate with it and strive to introduce it as soon as possible, providing a strong legal basis for improving the social security system. At the same time, it is necessary to strictly enforce the law and supervise, strengthen social security publicity, improve the administrative level of governments at all levels according to law, raise the consciousness of employers to pay insurance premiums according to law, and raise the awareness of workers to protect their rights according to law.
Four. What is the current situation and prospect of social insurance system in China?
China's social security system includes social insurance, social relief, social welfare and social preferential treatment. Social insurance is the core part of China's social security system, which has three functions: first, it is the "safety net" for workers-the state establishes a social insurance fund through legislation to give economic compensation to workers when they quit the labor field or their labor income decreases due to old age, unemployment, illness, work injury and maternity, so as to reduce labor risks; Second, the "regulator" of income distribution-social insurance belongs to the secondary distribution of national income, emphasizing the principle of fairness and narrowing the gap in social income distribution; The third is the "shock absorber" of economic and social operation-especially in the ups and downs of economic growth and structural adjustment, by ensuring the basic livelihood of low-income groups, possible social shocks can be reduced. In China's social security system, the Ministry of Labor and Social Security is mainly responsible for social insurance, including pension, unemployment, medical care, work injury and maternity insurance, and rural social endowment insurance.
Since the Third Plenary Session of the 14th CPC Central Committee, the reform of the social security system, as the basic content of the socialist market economic system, has been comprehensively promoted, and the institutional framework has basically taken shape, which has played an important role in deepening reform, promoting development and maintaining stability.
(1) endowment insurance system. After years of reform and exploration, major breakthroughs and progress have been made in five aspects. First of all, the basic institutional model has been established. 1993 The Third Plenary Session of the 14th CPC Central Committee put forward the model of "social pooling combined with personal account" for old-age insurance, which is different from German-style complete pay-as-you-go and Singaporean-style complete accumulation, but a combination of the two. At present, the unified institutional framework of China's basic old-age insurance is: all kinds of enterprises pay about 20% of the total wages of employees, and individuals pay 8% of their own wages; 3% of the total personal contributions and corporate contributions are included in the employee's personal account; When employees reach the legal retirement age, they will receive the basic pension from the overall fund according to 20% of the average salary of local employees, and receive the personal account pension according to1120 of the total amount stored in personal accounts. Second, the coverage continues to expand. During the planned economy period, only employees of state-owned enterprises can enjoy old-age insurance; 1999 the State Council stipulates that the basic old-age insurance covers all kinds of enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households in cities and towns. By the end of April this year, the number of people participating in endowment insurance was 654.38+0.66 billion (654.38+0.25 billion employees and 46.5438+0.7 million retirees), an increase of more than 50 million over six years ago, making it the largest endowment insurance plan in the world. Among them,110 people are individual industrial and commercial households, freelancers and flexible employees who pay in their personal capacity, indicating that China's old-age insurance system is changing to a variety of ownership structures and employment methods that adapt to the socialist market economic system. The third is to ensure that the basic pension for enterprise retirees is paid in full and on time. 1998, the central government put forward the policy of "two guarantees". In the past seven years, the national basic pension for retirees of * * * enterprises has accumulated to 65.438+055.85 billion yuan, and the amount in arrears in the current period has decreased from 654.38+0998 to 450 million yuan per month until 2006.54.38+0. Except for some provincial agricultural reclamation enterprises, there is basically no default in this period. In 2003, the central government decided to bring the endowment insurance of agricultural reclamation enterprises into territorial management and increase special subsidies. Last year, the national basic pension for enterprise retirees was realized for the first time, and this work is still going on this year. Fourth, a new pattern of multi-channel fund-raising has taken shape. From 1998 to 2004, the total income of the national basic old-age insurance fund increased from less than15 billion yuan to more than 420 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of nearly 20%. Among them, the collection income increased by 40-50 billion yuan for two consecutive years; Over the past seven years, the central government has invested 228.2 billion yuan, making up for the current income and expenditure gap of the endowment insurance fund. A tripartite sharing mechanism among the state, units and individuals has taken shape. In addition, the central government has also established a strategic reserve national social security fund, which has accumulated to more than 654.38+07 billion yuan. Fifth, breakthroughs have been made in socialized management services. Since 2000, the basic pension for enterprise retirees has been entrusted to social institutions such as banks and post offices nationwide. In 2003, the socialized management service for enterprise retirees was actively promoted. By the end of April this year, 35 million enterprise retirees had achieved socialized management, accounting for 93%. This not only ensures the timely and full payment of pensions from the system, but also reduces the burden of social affairs for enterprises.
(two) the basic living security and unemployment insurance system for laid-off workers of state-owned enterprises. In the reform of state-owned enterprises and the adjustment of economic structure, the problem of resettlement and living security for surplus workers is very prominent. If tens of millions of workers are pushed into society at once, it will inevitably lead to social instability. Therefore, in 1998, the central government decided to establish re-employment service centers in state-owned enterprises with laid-off workers, and to implement the "three security lines", namely, the basic living security for laid-off workers, unemployment insurance and the urban minimum living security system. Laid-off workers can receive three years' basic living expenses in the re-employment center, those who are not employed at the expiration of the period can be included in unemployment insurance, and those who are not employed at the expiration of the period can be included in the urban subsistence allowance. Over the past seven years, more than 28 million laid-off workers from state-owned enterprises nationwide, most of whom entered the re-employment service center and received basic living expenses on time, and social insurance premiums were remitted by the center. According to the principle of "three-thirds system", the funds needed for the basic living security of laid-off workers are shared by enterprises, central and local finances and unemployment insurance funds. Over the past seven years, the central government has subsidized 73 billion yuan for laid-off workers' basic living and reemployment. At the same time, actively promote the construction of unemployment insurance system. 1999 At the beginning of this year, the State Council issued the Regulations on Unemployment Insurance, which extended the "unemployment insurance system" originally only applicable to state-owned enterprises to all urban enterprises, institutions and their employees; The establishment of unemployment insurance fund, the employer to pay 2% of the total wages, individual workers to pay 0%; After an employee loses his job, he can receive unemployment insurance for 6-24 months according to the length of payment period. By the end of last year, the number of people participating in unemployment insurance nationwide was 10584 million, and the number of people receiving unemployment insurance benefits exceeded 465438+ 10,000. More than 800,000 laid-off workers from state-owned enterprises are still in re-employment centers. This year, according to the deployment of the State Council, we will actively and steadily promote the integration of basic living security and unemployment insurance for laid-off workers in state-owned enterprises, strive to basically complete the integration task by the end of this year, and solve the problem of laid-off workers in state-owned enterprises left over from history in two to three years.
(3) Medical insurance system. 65438-0998 the State Council decided to reform the basic medical insurance system for urban workers nationwide on the basis of summarizing the pilot experience in various places. The general principle of the reform is six sentences: wide coverage-employees and retirees of all units in cities and towns are included in the scope of the system, and flexible employees in cities and towns can also participate in insurance in their personal capacity. By the end of April this year, it had covered 654.38+28 million people. Basic guarantee-the state does not bear all medical expenses, but guarantees the most basic medical needs. For this reason, it has set up a "deductible line" (generally 10% of salary) and a "capping line" (generally 4 times the local average salary); Below the deductible line and above the capping line shall be borne by the individual. Burden on both sides-about 6% of the total wages paid by the unit and 2% of the wages paid by the individual. Unified account combination-establish a personal account of medical insurance for each insured person, and all individual contributions are included in the account, 30% of the unit contributions are included in the personal account, and the remaining 70% are established as a unified fund; When the insured person goes to the hospital for medical treatment, the outpatient expenses are generally paid from the personal account, and the hospitalization expenses are reimbursed in the overall fund according to the prescribed proportion. Multi-level security-On the basis of basic medical insurance, we will guide enterprises to establish supplementary medical insurance through preferential policies, and encourage all localities to establish a large medical subsidy system. Three simultaneous reforms-combining the reform of the medical insurance system with the reform of the medical and health system and the reform of the drug circulation system, advancing simultaneously, and formulating management measures for designated hospitals and pharmacies with medical insurance. At present, 98% of designated hospitals have signed agreements with medical insurance agencies; Three technical standards, including the basic medical insurance drug list, have also been formulated.
(4) Industrial injury insurance system. Industrial injury, death or occupational disease are the risks that may cause the greatest harm to workers in industrialized society. Therefore, industrial injury insurance is the most common social insurance plan in the world. Since the early 1950s, China has established a system of industrial injury and occupational disease protection, but it has always adopted the enterprise responsibility system. In 2003, the State Council issued the Regulations on Industrial Injury Insurance, which came into effect on June 65438+1October 65438 last year. Compared with the previous system, the "Regulations" have been reformed in five aspects: First, the coverage has been expanded, and it is stipulated that all kinds of enterprises (including township enterprises) and individual industrial and commercial households with employees must participate in industrial injury insurance, which is not only applicable to state-owned enterprises. By the end of April this year, 70.8 million employees had participated in industrial injury insurance, and the number of people who enjoyed industrial injury insurance last year was 5 1 10,000. The second is to establish a fund, in which all work-related injury insurance premiums are paid by employers, and individual employees do not pay fees, so as to spread the risk of work-related injuries through social co-ordination; Third, the implementation of differential rates, according to the degree of risk in different industries, can determine the rate equivalent to 0.5%-3% of the total wages, and according to the industrial injury situation of enterprises, the rate fluctuates; The fourth is to clarify the principle of no liability compensation. In industrial accidents, employees who are injured at work, regardless of whether they are responsible, should be compensated according to law. Fifth, the compensation items for work-related injuries are stipulated, namely, work-related injury shutdown allowance, work-related injury medical treatment, disability allowance and survivor allowance. Since last year, there have been several serious mine accidents in succession, among which those who participated in work-related injury insurance have made relatively smooth compensation and appeasement to employees and their families.
(5) Improve the urban social security system. The Fifth Plenary Session of the 15th CPC Central Committee proposed to establish a social security system that is independent of enterprises and institutions, with diversified sources of funds, standardized security system and socialized management services. According to this goal, the State Council conducted a pilot project to improve the urban social security system in Liaoning Province from July 2006 to the end of 2003. In May last year, the pilot project was extended to Jilin Province and Heilongjiang Province. Now, according to the deployment of the State Council, we have done a lot of research on improving the basic old-age insurance system for enterprise employees, and are studying and formulating a national plan to improve the old-age insurance system.